Hengyang City, Hunan Province

Hengyang is one of the prefecture level cities in Hunan Province. Located in southern China, central and southern Hunan Province, it is an important member of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, a sub central city in Hunan Province, and a political, economic, military and cultural center in southern Hunan. Hengyang City across the Xiangjiang River, is one of the important transportation hubs in Hunan Province and central and southern China, where many important highways and railways meet. Hengyang is located in the central and southern part of the concave surface axis belt, which constitutes a typical basin situation and belongs to subtropical monsoon climate.

Hengyang is an important industrial city in central and South China. It is one of the pilot demonstration cities of "made in China 2025". It has the first comprehensive bonded zone and National High-tech Zone in Hunan Province. It is positioned as the national demonstration zone for undertaking industrial transfer and the key undertaking place of national processing trade. Hengyang is also a pilot city for the comprehensive reform of the national service industry, a national demonstration area for ecological civilization, a national garden city, and a "memorial city of China's Anti Japanese War".

As of 2017, Hengyang City has 5 districts and 5 counties, and 2 county-level cities, with a total area of 15310 square kilometers. In 2018, the city's permanent resident population was 7.2434 million. Hengyang City has 15 universities including Nanhua University, Hengyang Normal University and Hunan Institute of technology. In 2017, Hengyang achieved a GDP of 313.248 billion yuan, an increase of 8.5% at comparable prices. It was rated the top 100 business city in Chinese mainland in 2018. In 2020, Hengyang's GDP will be 350.85 billion yuan. By the end of 2019, Hengyang will have a permanent population of 7.306 million. In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support. On January 14, 2021, Hengyang City was officially named as the national health city of 2018-2020 cycle.

Historical evolution

Lingxian county was established in the fifth year of emperor Gaozu (202 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty (now Linghu Township, Zhuhui District, was governed by Lingxian county from the Western Han Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty, now Linghu District, Zhuhui District, Hengyang City, and later Yanling County).

At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Zhongwu Marquis state was established in the west of Lingxian county.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Hengyang was divided into Hengyang County and Xiangdong County, and the two counties were separated, which belonged to Xiangdong county and Hengyang County in Jingzhou, Leiyang county and Changning County in Guiyang.

It was followed in the early Western Jin Dynasty, and then Jingzhou and Guangzhou were established as Xiangzhou. Now Hengyang City belongs to Xiangzhou. Xiangzhou was abandoned in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and entered Jingzhou. Xiangdong county and Xiangzhou were established successively. Now Hengyang City is within its scope.

In the Southern Dynasties, there were Chongan County, Linqi county and Hengshan County in the Qi Liang and Chen dynasties, and Xincheng County in the Southern Dynasties. Xiangzhou was subordinate to Hengyang state; Leiyang and Hengdong belonged to Guiyang County and Xiangzhou successively; Changning belonged to Xiangdong County; now Qidong belonged to Yongchang County and Qiyang County in the Liu Song Dynasty, and belonged to Lingling state in Xiangzhou. In the Qi Liang and Chen dynasties, Qidong also belonged to Yongchang County and Qiyang County, belonging to Lingling county.

In the seventh year of kaihuang reign of Sui Dynasty (589), the Sui Dynasty destroyed Chen and changed the county into a state. The eastern Hunan and Hengyang counties became Hengzhou, and Linqi, Xincheng and Chongan were Hengyang counties. Both the state and the county were located on the East Bank of Xiangjiang River, which was the first county named Hengyang in history.

In the fourth year of Wude in Tang Dynasty (621), Hengzhou was set up, and Linqi, Xincheng and Chongan counties were analyzed. Houchong'an and Xincheng were merged into Linqi. Kaiyuan twenty years (732 years), renamed Hengyang, Hengzhou governance. In 742, Hengzhou was changed into Hengyang County. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Hengzhou was restored.

During the period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Ma Yin founded the state of Chu in Hunan, and Hengyang was the land of Hengzhou.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Hengyang City still belonged to Hengzhou and Tanzhou, and now Hengshan, Hengdong and Qidong belonged to Tanzhou. It was followed in the Southern Song Dynasty.

The Yuan Dynasty established the provincial system, and set up roads under the province. Now Hengyang City is under the jurisdiction of Hengzhou road and Yongzhou road respectively. In Hengzhou, the Xuanwei Department of Hunan Road (later moved to Tanzhou) was set up, which is under the jurisdiction of Huguang province. In the first year of Yuanzhen (1295), the people of Hengyong, Chengui and Zhulu fought against grain and Ding, and the uprising was frequent. The imperial court set up the Privy Council in Hengzhou.

At the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Hengzhou government was set up and subordinate to Huguang province. It has jurisdiction over Hengyang, Hengshan, Hengdong, Changning, Leiyang, Anren, Yanling, Guiyang, Jiahe, Lanshan and Linwu. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, there were Yongwang and Guiwang vassal states, all of which were Hengyang.

In November 1652, the ninth year of Shunzhi in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, Li Dingguo, King Anxi of the Great Western army, led his army to ambush the Qing army in the suburbs of Hengzhou, and killed nikan, Prince Jingjin, the great general of the Qing Dynasty, which is known as the "battle of Hengzhou".

In the Qing Dynasty, it was Hengzhou Prefecture, with jurisdiction over Hengyang, Hengshan, Hengdong, Changning, Leiyang, Anren, Yanling, Guiyang, Jiahe, Lanshan, Linwu and other counties.

In 1676, Wu Sangui was once called emperor in Hengyang, the state name was Zhou, and Hengyang was called yingtianfu.

In 1732, Guiyang was upgraded to Zhili Prefecture of Guiyang, and the southern boundary of the prefecture moved to Leiyang and Changning.

In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), the government abolished the road and changed Hengyang road into Hengyang road. The counties under the jurisdiction of Hengyang road are still like Hengyong Chengui road in Qing Dynasty, governing Hengyang and 34 counties in southern Hunan. After the waste road.

In 1936, Hunan Province set up the administrative supervision district. Hengyang was the fifth and second administrative supervision district. The office of the commissioner was stationed in Hengyang, which had jurisdiction over Hengyang, Hengshan, Changning, Leiyang, Youxian, Anren, Lingxian and Chaling.

In the spring of 1939, the Hunan provincial government moved from Yuanling to Leiyang because of the Anti Japanese war. The provincial government was located in the area from shuidongjiang to Zhushi, and the Secretary office set up duling Academy (now Leiyang No.1 Middle School).

In 1942, Hengyang City was set up in five towns of Donghua, Yanfeng, Xihu, shigu, Jiangdong and three townships of Guangfu, Qigang and Linghu.

In 1943, Hengyang became a provincial city.

On October 8, 1949, the people's Liberation Army entered Hengyang and set up a special district in Hengyang City.

In 1950, Hengyang City was changed into a city under the jurisdiction of a province, with eight counties under its jurisdiction.

In 1952, Hengyang County was established as Hengnan County, with nine counties under its jurisdiction. In the same year, Hengyang district was abolished and Xiangnan administrative office was established.

In 1954, the southern Hunan administrative office was abolished and Hengyang special district was restored. The special office was located in Hengyang City. It has jurisdiction over Hengyang County, Hengnan County, Hengshan County, Jianghua County, Yongming county (changed to Jiangyong County in 1956), Dao County, Ningyuan County, Changning County, Qidong County, Qiyang County, Lingling county and Dong'an County, a total of 12 counties under the jurisdiction of the former Xiangnan administrative office.

On November 25, 1955, Jianghua county was abolished, most of the former Jianghua county and a small part of Lanshan county were merged to establish Jianghua Yao Autonomous County, and some parts of the former Jianghua county were merged into Yongming county. It has jurisdiction over 11 counties and 1 Autonomous County.

In 1959, Hengyang City, a provincial city, was transferred to Hengyang District, and Hengnan County was transferred to Hengyang City. It has jurisdiction over 1 city, 11 counties and 1 Autonomous County.

In 1961, Hengnan County was changed into Hengyang district; Lingling county was divided into Lengshuitan city; the district has jurisdiction over 2 cities, 11 counties and 1 Autonomous County.

In 1962, Lengshuitan city was abolished and merged into Lingling county. Lingling County, Jiangyong County, Dao County, Ningyuan County, Dong'an County and Jianghua Yao Autonomous County were included in Lingling district. Hengyang district has jurisdiction over one city and six counties.

In 1963, Nanyue county was set up by Hengshan County, with jurisdiction over one city and seven counties.

In 1966, Nanyue county was abolished and merged into Hengshan County. Hengshan County was divided into Hengdong County, with one city and seven counties under its jurisdiction.

In 1970, Hengyang district was renamed Hengyang District, and the administrative office was located in Hengyang City. It has jurisdiction over Hengyang City, Hengnan County, Hengshan County, Hengdong County, Changning County, Qiyang County, Qidong County and Hengyang County, including one city and seven counties.

On February 20, 1980, Hengyang City was upgraded from prefecture level city to provincial level city (renamed prefecture level city in 1983), with seven counties under its jurisdiction.

In July 1983, Hengyang district was merged with Hengyang City to implement the system of city governing county. Hengyang City governs nine counties of Hengyang, Hengnan, Hengshan, Hengdong, Qidong, Leiyang and Changning, and five county-level districts of Jiangdong, Chengnan, Chengbei, suburban and Nanyue.

On May 22, 1984, the people's Government of Hunan Province approved the establishment of Nanyue District of Hengyang City, with parts of Hengshan County as its administrative region.

On November 11, 1986, the State Council approved the revocation of Leiyang county and the establishment of Leiyang City (county level).

On November 26, 1996, the Ministry of Civil Affairs approved the revocation of Changning County and the establishment of Changning City.

On April 4, 2001, the State Council approved (Guo Han No. 34): (1) to abolish Jiangdong District, Chengnan District, Chengbei district and suburbs of Hengyang City and establish Zhuhui District, Yanfeng District, shigu District and Zhengxiang District of Hengyang City. (2) Zhuhui district has jurisdiction over the administrative area of the former Jiangdong District, Heping, Linghu and Dongyangdu townships and chashanao town in the former suburbs. The District People's government is located in Xiangjiang East Road. (3) Yanfeng District governs Yanfeng, Baishazhou, huangchaling, Tianmashan, Xianfeng Road, Xiangjiang township (excluding Yangliu Village), Yueping township (excluding Lianhe, Yueping and Beitang villages) and Wenchang Township in Hengnan County. The District People's government is located in Xiangjiang South Road. (4) Shigu District has jurisdiction over Renmin Road, Xiaoxiang, Qingshan, Wuyi and Hejiang in the former North District of the city, Huangshawan street in the former suburb, Wuyi, Jianshe, Youai and Jiangxia in songmu Township and Xihu Township, and Jiaoshan Township in Hengyang County. The District People's government is stationed in Siqian street. (5) Zhengxiang District governs three villages: Zhengxiang street in the north of the original city, Lianhe street in the south of the original city, Xihu township (excluding four villages of Wuyi, Jianshe, Youai and Jiangxia), Yangliu village in Xiangjiang Township, Lianhe village, Yueping village and Beitang village in Yueping Township, Yumushan Township in Hengnan County and daiyingling town in Hengyang County. The District People's government is stationed at Chuanshan road.

administrative division

By the end of 2013, Hengyang had jurisdiction over five municipal districts, namely Yanfeng District, shigu District, Zhuhui District, Zhengxiang district and Nanyue District, and five counties, namely Hengyang County, Hengnan County, Hengshan County, Hengdong County and Qidong County

Chinese PinYin : Hu Nan Sheng Heng Yang Shi