Hegang City, Heilongjiang Province

Hegang City, also known as coal city, is a prefecture level city in Heilongjiang Province, one of the central cities in northeast Heilongjiang Province approved by the State Council, and an important energy industrial city. The city has jurisdiction over 6 municipal districts and 2 counties, with a total area of 14684 square kilometers and a total population of 995000.

Hegang City is located in Northeast China and northeast Heilongjiang Province. It faces Russia across Heilongjiang in the north, borders Jiamusi on Songhua River in the southeast, and borders Yichun on Xiaoxing'an Mountain in the West. It is in the "Golden Triangle" area surrounded by "two rivers and one mountain" of Heilongjiang, Songhua River and Xiaoxing'an Mountain.

Hegang is rich in tourism resources, with big boundary river, big forest, big ice and snow, big wetland, big agriculture, big mine, big stone forest, and well preserved original ecology. Longjiang Three Gorges is one of the top ten tourist attractions in Heilongjiang Province. There are three national virgin forest parks, National Mine geoparks, as well as Heilongjiang Basin Museum, famous mountain tourist town, Taipinggou golden ancient town, Jindingshan stone forest, Weichang wetland and other scenic spots. There are "five lakes and one river" waterfront scenic spots in the urban area. Hegang is the hometown of Nvzhen in Heishui, the birthplace of Manchuria royal family and the gathering place of Qing Jin culture.

Historical evolution

Back to ancient times, Hegang was the place where Chinese ancestors lived and multiplied.

Zhou is the activity area of Sushen department.

The Tang Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of Heishui dududufu, Hebei Province.

Liao belongs to Tokyo daowukuma in Jue.

Metal to Beijing Huli road.

The Yuan Dynasty belongs to shuidada road in Nuzhen, Liaoning Province.

It is under the jurisdiction of nurgandu.

The Qing Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of Hulan vice capital of Heilongjiang general.

Guangxu 31 years (1905), the establishment of Tangyuan County, Hegang area belongs to Tangyuan county. In the early years of the Republic of China, Hegang area belongs to Tangyuan County, suilan Road, Heilongjiang Province. Guangxu thirty-two years (1906), Heilongjiang Province before the former Flower City River (today's Tangyuan River FAAS) east, the west of the Wutong River, Songhua River north shore to the southern foot of the mountain area of Mao wasteland, known as "crane field."

In 1929, the road was abandoned and Tangyuan county was directly under the provincial government. Hegang area still belongs to Tangyuan county. On December 20, 1945, Xingshan municipal government was established under the jurisdiction of Heli county. In April 1946, it was subordinate to Hejiang provincial government. In October, it was transferred to Heli county. In February 1947, it was subordinate to the office of the fourth Commissioner of Hejiang province. In October 1948, it was subordinate to Hejiang provincial government. In May 1949, the organizational system of Hejiang province was abolished and merged into Songjiang province. Xingshan city belongs to Songjiang Province, and Xingshan municipal government was renamed Xingshan Municipal People's government. On November 24, with the approval of the Northeast People's government, Xingshan city was renamed Hegang City, belonging to Songjiang province.

In August 1954, the organizational system of Songjiang province was abolished and merged with Heilongjiang Province, and Hegang City was directly under Heilongjiang Province.

In 1955, Hegang Municipal People's government was renamed Hegang Municipal People's Committee.

In 1958, Hegang City was under the jurisdiction of Hejiang Commissioner's office.

In September 1958, Hegang people's commune was set up with "one city, one commune", which integrates administration, commune and enterprise, and sets up Hegang people's commune management committee. The Management Committee of Hegang people's Commune and the people's Committee of Hegang City have the same team and two brands. Each department of the Municipal People's Committee and each department of the mining bureau work together to form a commune management organization. On the other hand, the original working organization is still maintained.

On December 10, 1960, Hegang City was upgraded to a prefecture level city, with nine municipal districts including Xishan, xinjieji, Nanshan, Xingshan, Xing'an, mainland China, Dongshan, Xinyi and Xinhua.

In 1961, the government and society were separated and Hegang people's Committee was restored.

In 1962, the people's Committee of Hegang City decided to abolish Xinhua District.

In February 1966, Hegang City was directly under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province.

On November 6, 1987, Luobei county and Suibin County of Jiamusi City were approved by the state letter to be included in Hegang City.

administrative division

Hegang City has eight county-level administrative regions, including six municipal districts and two counties, namely Xiangyang District, Gongnong District, Nanshan District, Xing'an District, Dongshan District, Xingshan District, Luobei county and Suibin county. Hegang Municipal People's government is located at No.1 Youyi Road, Xiangyang District.

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geographical environment

Location context

Hegang City is located in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province. It is located in the hilly area at the east foot of Xiaoxing'an Mountains and the plain area at the confluence of Songhua River and Heilongjiang Province. The geographical coordinates are 129 ° 39'50 "- 132 ° 31'00" E and 47 ° 03'30 "- 48 ° 21'00" n. Songhua River is connected with Tongjiang City in the East, Yichun City in the west, tangyuan County in Jiamusi City in the south, and Heilongjiang main waterway in the north. The total land area is 14684 square kilometers, including 4575 square kilometers in the urban area.

topographic features

The terrain of Hegang City is higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast, and it is an obvious rising section from Sanjiang plain to Xiaoxing'an Mountains. The city can be divided into four geomorphic types: low mountains and hills, overtopping, plain, valley and floodplain. The terrain of the urban area inclines from northwest to Southeast, with mountainous area in the northwest, covering an area of 3300 square kilometers, accounting for 72% of the total area of the urban area. The main peaks are: Xiaobai mountain (1022 meters above sea level); Jiefang mountain (964 meters above sea level); Beiying mountain (897 meters above sea level); Motianling mountain (846 meters above sea level); Jinding mountain (840 meters above sea level); there are 34 peaks above 200 meters above sea level. There are 18 main rivers, such as Wutong River, heli River, arinda River and Jiayin River, which flow from northwest to Southeast. Except Jiayin river is Heilongjiang river system, the others are Songhua River system. The southern part of the city is hilly, and the southeastern part is the edge of Sanjiang Plain, which is flat and open. It is an agricultural distribution area with an average altitude of about 80 meters. Luobei county is in the east of the city. The terrain is high and mountainous in the northwest and flat and swampy in the southeast. From the northwest to the southeast, it is divided into mountains, hills, plains and depressions. The average altitude in the southeast is 90 meters. The main rivers are Jiayin River, Dulu River, Puya River, etc. Suibin county is in the east of Luobei County, located in Sanjiang Plain where Songhua River and Heilongjiang River meet. There are no mountains and hills in the territory, and the terrain is flat, with an altitude of 52 to 63 meters. The main rivers in the territory are Puya River, wanqu River, Aolai River, bailongpao, tongpao, dajiapao, etc.

climate

Hegang City is located in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province. It is located in the buffer zone of Xiaoxing'an Mountains and Sanjiang Plain. It is adjacent to Jiamusi City by Songhua River in the South and the Jewish Autonomous Prefecture of Russia in the north. Hegang City has a north temperate continental monsoon climate. The annual average temperature is 3.8 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 37.7 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 34.5 ℃. The average annual precipitation is 651.5mm, and the average annual frost free period is 147 days. The average annual accumulated temperature is 2471.1 ℃. The main climatic characteristics are cold and long winter, wide spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation, less rain and strong wind in spring, severe temperature change, hot rain in summer, less rain in autumn, rapid cooling and early frost.

natural resources

water resource

Hegang City is rich in surface water and groundwater resources. The water area is up to 109500 hectares. There are two boundary rivers of Heilongjiang and Songhua rivers and 112 large and small rivers, with an average annual runoff of 3.05 billion cubic meters. The total amount of available water resources in the city is 2.675 billion cubic meters. Among them, the available surface water resources are 718 million cubic meters. The available groundwater resources are 1.957 billion cubic meters, and there are 13 reservoirs in the territory.

mineral resources

Hegang City is rich in mineral resources, and 30 kinds of minerals have been found, including coal, coalbed methane, uranium, rock gold, placer gold, iron, copper, beryllium, lead, nickel, asbestos, serpentine, graphite, sillimanite, muscovite, dolomite, topaz, magnesite, zeolite, marble, perlite, basalt, granite, quartz for glass vein, ceramsite claystone, peat, brick and tile Clay, construction sand, mineral water, groundwater. Accounting for 22.9% of the total minerals found in the province. There are 24 proven minerals, accounting for 31.17% of the total. Marble for coal, graphite and cement is the dominant mineral.

Animal resources

Hegang City has a large mountainous area and rich in animal and plant resources. There are more than 30 species of sika deer, musk deer, wild boar, brown bear, badger, Cinnamomum camphora, mink, Red Crowned Crane, etc. in the vast mountainous and forest areas. There are 250000 kg of honey resources in the city. There are 109500 hectares of water resources in the city, accounting for 7.4% of the total land area. The water area for fish culture is 50000 mu, and the fish yield is 6276 tons, including 696 tons of natural fishing and 5580 tons of aquaculture. The main species of artificial fish culture are carp, silver carp, bighead carp, grass and crucian carp. There are many kinds of fish in river waters, including Cyprinidae, salmon, sturgeon and dog. There are white salmon, grass carp, Siniperca chuatsi, sturgeon, locust, salmon, as well as Aohua, bream, crucian carp, Zhero, Faro and so on. The annual output of sturgeon and mullet is about 15 tons, and the annual amount of fish seeds is more than 200 kg.

plant resources

Hegang City has more than 80 kinds of precious mountain medicinal resources, such as ginseng, Schisandra chinensis, wolfberry, acanthopanax senticosus, astragalus, etc., with an average annual purchase of about 30000 kg; more than 40 kinds of wild vegetable resources, such as Pteridium aquilinum, cauliflower, Angelica sinensis, etc.; more than 20 kinds of wild fruit resources, such as Sorbus, Vitis amurensis, pine seed, hazelnut, etc., and produces more than 100000 kg of black fungus and hundreds of thousands of kg of mushrooms every year. There are 100000 hectares of grassland of various types in the city, accounting for 6.8% of the total area of the city, of which 53300 hectares can be used and 12000 hectares have been used for grazing and mowing. Hegang City is one of the important forest areas and timber producing areas in Heilongjiang Province. Within the administrative region of Hegang City

Chinese PinYin : Hei Long Jiang Sheng He Gang Shi