Linyi City, Shandong Province

Linyi Linyi is a prefecture level city in Shandong Province, a regional central city in Shandong Province approved by the State Council, a livable city with waterfront characteristics, a modern industrial and Trade City, and a trade and logistics center. By the end of 2019, Linyi has three districts and nine counties with a total area of 17191.2 square kilometers and a permanent population of 10.667 million, with an urbanization rate of 52.75%. It has the largest area and the largest population in Shandong Province.

Linyi, named after Linyi River, is located in East China, Southeast Shandong, West Bank of Yellow Sea, junction of Yangtze River Delta economic circle and Bohai rim economic circle, national key development area of East Longhai and port industrial belt of South Shandong. It is a well-known professional market cluster, an important logistics turnover center and a trade wholesale center in China. It is known as "famous trade city" and "logistics capital". Linyi belongs to the continental climate of temperate monsoon region. From the north, there are Yimeng Mountains and other mountains, which control the flow direction of the upper reaches of Yishu river. From the south, there is a vast Lintan Cang plain, which is an important commodity grain base.

Linyi, known as Langya and Yizhou in ancient times, is the core birthplace of Dongyi culture. As early as 200000 years ago, human ancestors created ancient civilization in Yimeng. Since the establishment of the city in the Western Zhou Dynasty, it has a history of more than 3000 years. The region has long served as the seat of prefectures, prefectures and prefectures of Xuzhou, such as Cishi department, Langya Prefecture, Donghai Prefecture and Yizhou Prefecture. In modern times, the Communist Party of China established Yimeng revolutionary base in Linyi area, and established Shandong provincial government, East China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, East China military region and other party and government organs.

Linyi has Mengshan, daigu, former residence of Wang Xizhi, Zhuquan village, Tangtou hot spring, Underground Grand Canyon and other scenic spots, as well as historical celebrities such as Zhuge Liang, Wang Xizhi, Yan Zhenqing, Xiao Daocheng and so on. It was awarded the first batch of national logistics hub, China's logistics capital, China's food capital, China's plate capital, China's famous construction machinery City, China's famous exhibition city, China's top 10 ecological and livable model cities, China's top 10 cities with the most investment value, the world's water skiing City, the United Nations green industrial platform and the national civilized city.

Historical evolution

Linyi has a long history and is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization.

Half a million years ago, the ancestors of human beings lived in the mountainous area of central Shandong in the north of Linyi and created the ancient civilization.

The cultural relics of the early Paleolithic age 200000 years ago are found in many places in the territory, using characters and symbols. In the late Paleolithic period, the ancient people went south day by day and settled in the Yishuhe plain. Nearly 100 remains of microlithic culture found in the Yihe and Shuhe river basins are created by human beings 10000-20000 years ago.

In the microlithic age 10000 years ago, the ancient people established a dense settlement group in the Yishu River Basin and began the initial primitive agricultural activities. Yishu River Basin has become one of the cradles of primitive agriculture and the first green revolution in human history.

5000 years ago, people here began to master wine making technology and use Bian stone to cure diseases.

In the Yuxia period, Yu delimited Jiuzhou, and the territory of Linyi was Xuzhou. In 2053 B.C., Si Shaokang, a descendant of Dayu, revived the Xia Dynasty and granted his second son Qu lie a place in Linyi.

During the Shang Dynasty, this land was rich in Tan, Ju and Fei states.

After the Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Shang Dynasty, Linyi was incorporated into Qingzhou, belonging to Qi and Lu respectively. Zhuan, Yang, Xiang, Ju, Tan, genmu, Yu Yuqiu, Qi and other sub feudal states were found in the spring and Autumn Annals. The capital of Fei state is the beginning of Linyi city.

In the spring and Autumn period, Qi Yang City was built by Ji sun Si and Qiu Shuai Shi in Shu sun Zhou of the state of Lu as the southeast barrier of the state of Lu, which became the predecessor of the old city of Linyi. In addition to the Shang and Zhou dynasties, there are 20 other places in Linyi, such as Zhongqiu, zhuqiu, Fei, Fang, Tai, Dongyang, Wucheng, Qiuyu, Xiang, cishiyi, Meng, Yun, Tangfu, Gai, AI, Jizhang, MI and Yanling. Among them, Ji Wenzi's implementation of "initial tax Mu" in the second Shiyi was regarded as the beginning of China's agricultural tax collection.

During the Warring States period, the feudal states in Linyi were successively annexed by Qi and Chu. At the end of the Warring States period, Chu belonged to the South and Qi to the north. Muling pass, which was set up in Linyi area of Qi Great Wall, was the "first pass in the world" at that time. At the end of the Warring States period, the state of Chu set up Lanling County in Linyi, which became the earliest County in Shandong Province. Because Xunzi ruled and studied in this city, "Lanling multi learning" became the cultural feature of this era.

After the unification of Qin Dynasty, the county system was implemented in Linyi. Linyi belongs to Langya county and Tan county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, in order to avoid the name taboo of emperor Liu Qi, Qiyang city was renamed Kaiyang and set up as Kaiyang County. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, there were thirteen prefectures, and Tan county in Linyi was the seat of Xuzhou. Linyi belongs to Langya, Donghai, Chengyang and Taishan counties of Xuzhou.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Langya county was changed to Langya state. Emperor Guangwu Liu Jing moved the capital of Langya state to Kaiyang. Since then, Kaiyang has been called Langya. Linyi belongs to Licheng County, Donghai County, Langya County, Langya state of Xuzhou, Taishan County, Dongguan County, Dong'an County and Chengyang state of Yanzhou.

During the period of the Three Kingdoms, Kaiyang was the capital of Langya and was granted the title of King Langya. Linyi belongs to the state of Wei. By the end of Wei Dynasty, they belonged to Donghai state, Langya state, Dongguan county and Taishan county. Langya Zhuge people in Yangdu of Langya are divided into three countries, and their family culture has become an important part of Chinese excellent traditional culture.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, Linyi belonged to Langya County of Xuzhou, Donghai County, Lanling County, Dongguan county and Taishan County of Yanzhou, among which Langya county was the hidden residence of Sima Rui, the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty.

During the northern and Southern Dynasties, the Wang family of Langya in Linyi supported Sima Rui's southward migration and established the Eastern Jin Dynasty, forming a political pattern of "king and horse sharing the world". After Jin Shi's southward migration, Linyi belonged to the later Zhao Dynasty, the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the former Yan Dynasty, the later Yan Dynasty, the Southern Yan Dynasty, the former Qin Dynasty and the Northern Wei Dynasty. Later, the Xiao family of Lanling in Linyi went to the South and became a political leader in the Southern Dynasty, establishing the Qi and Liang dynasties. In the middle of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Langya state was changed into Langya county. In the later Wei Dynasty, northern Xuzhou was established as Kaiyang, and in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, northern Xuzhou was established as Yizhou.

In the Sui Dynasty, in the early year of Daye (605), Kaiyang County, Linyi County and Chiu county were merged into Linyi County. Linyi region is divided into Yizhou (Langya county), Sizhou (xiapi county), Mizhou (Gaozhou county), Haizhou (Dongzhou county) and Xuzhou (Pengcheng county).

In the Tang Dynasty, Lanshan county was incorporated into Linyi County in the sixth year of Wude. Linyi region belongs to Yizhou (Langya county), Mizhou (Gaomi County) and Xuzhou (Pengcheng county).

In Song Dynasty, Linyi belonged to Yizhou (Langya county), Mizhou (Gaomi County), Huaijun and so on.

In the Jin Dynasty, Linyi belonged to Yizhou, Juzhou, Pizhou and Taian on Shandong east road.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Linyi belonged to Yanzhou Prefecture and Qingzhou Prefecture respectively, which was the reason in the early Qing Dynasty.

In 1734, Yizhou was upgraded to Yizhou Prefecture, attached to guolanshan, and demoted to Sanzhou, belonging to Yizhou Prefecture. It has jurisdiction over Lanshan, Tancheng, Feixian, Yishui, Mengyin, Rizhao and Juzhou.

After the founding of the Republic of China, Yizhou Prefecture was abolished, and Ju Prefecture was changed into Ju county in 1913. In 1914, Shandong Province was divided into four roads, and Lanshan county was changed into Linyi County. Linyi Prefecture belonged to Jining road and Jiaodong road respectively, which was abolished in 1918. In 1936, it was designated as the third office of administrative inspector of Shandong Province.

During the Anti Japanese War, Linyi area was the leading and commanding center of the party, government and army in East China and Shandong. Yimeng, Jinggangshan and Yan'an, with Linyi area as the core, were the three most important old revolutionary bases during the Chinese revolutionary war. In August 1945, Shandong provincial government was established in Dadian of Linyi. Linyi region is divided into three administrative regions of central Shandong, southern Shandong and Binhai.

During the war of liberation, Luo Ronghuan and Chen Yi set out from Yimeng and led their troops to the northeast and south of the Yangtze River. In July 1948, the three administrative regions of central Shandong, southern Shandong and Binhai were merged into the central and southern Shandong administrative region, and the central and southern Shandong Administrative Office (located in Linyi City) was established, which has jurisdiction over 7 special districts and 49 counties. By October 1, 1949, Linyi was divided into Yimeng, Nishan, taizao and Binhai.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the central and southern Shandong administrative region was abolished in May 1950. Yishui district was established on the basis of Yimeng District, with jurisdiction over 9 counties. Linyi district was established on the basis of Binhai District, with jurisdiction over 9 counties. In January 1953, Ganyu, Donghai, Pixian, Xinxian and Hailian cities, which were originally in Linyi District, were included in Jiangsu Province. In July 1953, Yishui district was abolished. Except Rizhao County, all the counties under its jurisdiction were under the jurisdiction of Linyi district. At the same time, Pingyi County, which originally belonged to Tengxian District, was also incorporated into Linyi district. In March 1956, Rizhao county was assigned to Linyi district. By April 1961, Linyi district had jurisdiction over 13 counties and cities including Linyi, Tancheng, Cangshan, Linshu, Junan, Yinan, Yishui, Yiyuan, Mengyin, Pingyi, Feixian, Rizhao and Juxian. Rizhao was upgraded to prefecture level city in June 1989, and Yiyuan County was put under the jurisdiction of Zibo City in December. In January 1992, Ju county was designated as Rizhao City, and Linyi prefecture has jurisdiction over 10 counties and cities, including Linyi, Tancheng, Cangshan, Junan, Yishui, Mengyin, Pingyi, Feixian, Yinan and Linshu.

In December 1994, the State Council approved the abolition of Linyi Prefecture and county level Linyi City and the establishment of prefecture level Linyi city. The original county-level Linyi city is divided into Lanshan, Hedong and Luozhuang three county-level administrative regions. Prefecture Level Linyi City governs Lanshan, Luozhuang and Hedong districts, and Tancheng, Cangshan, Junan, Yishui, Yinan, Pingyi, Feixian, Mengyin and Linshu counties. In January 2014, Cangshan County was renamed Lanling county.

administrative division

In December 1994, Linyi district was transformed into prefecture level Linyi City, which is divided into three county-level administrative regions: Lanshan, Hedong and Luozhuang. Prefecture Level Linyi City governs Lanshan, Luozhuang and Hedong districts, and Tancheng, Lanling, Junan, Yishui, Yinan, Pingyi, Feixian, Mengyin and Linshu counties.

By the end of 2015, Linyi had jurisdiction over Lanshan, Luozhuang and Hedong, Tancheng and Lanling

Chinese PinYin : Shan Dong Sheng Lin Yi Shi