Alxa League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Alashan League Alashan League is a League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The League governs three banners with a total area of 270244 square kilometers and a total population of 250000.

Alashan League is located in the most western part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, connecting Wuhai, Bayannaoer and Ordos in the East and northeast, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in the South and Southeast, Gansu Province in the West and southwest, and Mongolia in the north. The border line is 735 km long. Alxa League is a frontier minority area with Mongolian as the main body and Han nationality as the majority. There are 28 nationalities including Mongolian, Han, Hui and Manchu.

"Alashan" is Mongolian, which means "a land of colorful". Alashan has a long history. There were human activities here as early as the Paleolithic age. Huo Qubing, a famous general of the Western Han Dynasty, entered his residence to recover Hexi. In the Yuan Dynasty, yijinai Road office was set up. In Qing Dynasty, there were two special banners, Alashan Heshuote banner and Ejina old turhute banner. In 1949, Alashan Heshuote banner and Ejina turhute banner were peacefully liberated. Alashan League was established in May 1980.

"Alashan like heaven" is vast and magical. The world's only geological park with desert as its theme, Ejina Populus euphratica forest, one of the world's three largest Populus euphratica forests, and Dongfeng space city (Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center), one of the world's three largest manned space centers, are located here. Juyan Han bamboo slips, one of China's four major archaeological discoveries in the 20th century, are known as "living fossils of the art world". They are simple and elegant rock paintings of Mt. Mandela and Mt. Helan. Desert culture, grassland culture, camel culture, space culture and stone appreciation culture complement each other. Alxa enjoys the reputation of the city of ornamental stones, the hometown of camels and Cistanche deserticola in China. It is also the permanent venue of Alashan hero club, the world's largest automobile cross-country event.

Alxa Right Banner=“ https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/c9d4cf43ad4bd113ad916d4158afa40f4bfb0522?x-bce-process=image/resize ,m_ lfit,w_ 200,h_ 200,limit_ 1 "ALT =" Alxa Left Banner ">

Alxa Left Banner=“ https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/0ef2112442a7d93398b8a80baf4bd11373f00172?x-bce-process=image/resize ,m_ lfit,w_ 200,h_ 200,limit_ 1 "ALT =" Ejina Banner ">

Ejina Banner

open

Evolution of organizational system

Primitive society

Alashan area is one of the birthplaces of ancient human beings. The discovery of color spray handprint rock paintings in Yabulai mountain cave of Alashan Right Banner and a large number of microlithic cultural relics in Alashan Left Banner proves that human activities have existed in Alashan area since the Paleolithic age.

At the end of primitive society and slave society, the ancestors of the Shang Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty lived in the weak River Valley and Juyanhai.

Ancient times

After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, Beidi county was set up in the northeast of Alxa.

In Han Dynasty, Alashan area was under the jurisdiction of Beidi, Wuwei and Zhangye. In the third year of the Taichu period (102 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent 180000 soldiers to Hexi to garrison the frontier and garrison the farmland, and set up Juyan and XiuTu counties in the north. In the first year of Emperor Xuan of Han Dynasty (73 BC), Juyan county was under the management of Zhangye county. In the first year of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty (25th year), it was changed into "Zhangye Juyan vassal state". In 195, the second year of emperor Xiandi's Xingping reign in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xihai county was established.

During the period of Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties, Xihai county was established in Wei, Western Jin, Qianliang, Houliang and Xiliang.

In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Alashan area was under the jurisdiction of Liangzhou. In the first year of emperor Daowu's accession to the state (386) and the second year of emperor Xiaoming's Zhengguang (521) of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the ancient capital of Alashan belonged to Rouran Brahman territory.

From the Sui Dynasty to the early Tang Dynasty, Alxa belonged to Ganzhou and Suzhou, and was once occupied by the Turkic nobles. In 686, the Tang Dynasty once moved "Anbei Duhufu" from Mobei to Monan. In 743, ningkou army was set up in Tang Dynasty to command Juyan army. During the "an Shi rebellion", Hexi corridor was cut off by Tubo, and Juyan area became the "grassland Silk Road" from Chang'an to the western regions. Later, Juyan area was occupied by Tubo, Uighur and Khitan.

In the first year of Baoyuan (1038) of the Northern Song Dynasty, when the Western Xia Dynasty was founded, there were 12 military supervision departments and 50000 garrisons along the Helan Mountain. In Juyan area, the "Yan Military Department of Heishui town" was set up, and its governing place was Heicheng of Ejina Banner.

In the Yuan Dynasty, yijinai road was set up, which was under the jurisdiction of Gansu xingzhongshu province. It was in charge of military and political affairs. The general manager's office was located in Heicheng, also known as halahot.

During the Ming Dynasty, the Northern Yuan and Wala forces occupied Alxa area successively. In 1372, fifty thousand soldiers of the West Route Army of the Ming Dynasty rode out of the fortress and pointed to yijinai road. The garrison general of halahot was defeated. In the 17th year of Hongwu, Song Sheng led his troops to capture yijinai and set up the old city of yijinai. Later, weiluwei, baichengzi and Weiyuan garrison were set up between Suzhou and yijinai lake to connect the old city of yijinai. Xuande five years for Ejin turhute nomadic land. After the middle of Ming Dynasty, it was a nomadic land of dayanhan in Mongolia.

In the early Qing Dynasty, erlinqin and guludaiqing in Erdos of Mongolia were nomadic in Alashan area. In 1649, due to dazamusu rebellion, they moved to Hetao area. In the 15th year of Kangxi (1676), qardan, the leader of the weilat Junggar tribe, defeated eqirtuhan, the leader of the Heshuote tribe. In 1677, the grandson of Gushi Khan, he Luoli and the rest of Heshuote migrated from Xinjiang, passing through Dacaotan, Qinghai Province, and moved to Alxa area. In the 36th year of Kangxi (1697), Alashan Heshuote banner was set up. In the 37th year of Kangxi (1698), alabuzhur, son of the ayurqi Khan of the turhute tribe, who moved to the Volga River Valley, led the tribe to Tibet to worship Buddhism. His return was blocked and he asked for the attachment. The Qing government granted the places of mudanghe and selteng, which was 73 years earlier than the return of the wobaxi Khan of the turhute tribe. In 1729, danzhongjin, the son of alabuzhur, was granted the title of dorobel. After the ninth year of Yongzheng (1731), he moved to the Ejina River Basin. In 1753, the old turhute banner of Ejina was set up. There was no alliance on the two banners, which was directly under the jurisdiction of the Li Fan court of the Qing Dynasty.

Since modern times

During the period of the Republic of China, Alashan Heshuote banner and Ejina old turhute banner were directly under the jurisdiction of the Mongolian Tibetan Committee of the central executive yuan, and Ningxia garrison envoy and Ningxia Province were in charge of the two banners. During this period, the county-level system was set up in Dengkou bage (township) of Heshuote banner in Alxa.

On September 23, 1949, Alashan Heshuote banner was peacefully liberated.

On September 27, 1949, Ejina old Turgut banner was peacefully liberated.

In November 1949, the people's Government of Ejina Banner autonomous region was established.

In March 1950, the people's Government of Alashan Heshuote banner autonomous region was established.

In April 1954, the Mongolian Autonomous Region of Ningxia Province was established, under the jurisdiction of Alashan banner and Dengkou county. It is a regional local power under the jurisdiction of Ningxia Province. In October of the same year, due to the revocation of the organizational system of Ningxia Province and its incorporation into Gansu Province, Ningxia Mongolia Autonomous Region changed its name to Gansu Mongolia Autonomous Region.

In March 1955, the Mongolian Autonomous Region of Gansu Province was renamed Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province, and Ejina Banner autonomous region was renamed Ejina Banner.

In November 1955, the Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province changed its name to bayinhot Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province.

In February 1956, Bayannaoer League was established, which governs Alxa banner, Ejina Banner, Dengkou county and BAYANHOT City, and belongs to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

In April 1958, Bayannaoer League merged with Hetao administrative region and became the agency of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The League government was moved to Sanshenggong. In August of the same year, BAYANHOT city was abolished and became a town level organization.

In April 1961, Alashan banner was divided into Alashan Left Banner and Alashan Right Banner.

In July 1969, Alxa Left Banner was assigned to Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Alxa Right Banner and Ejina banner to Gansu Province.

In July 1979, Alxa Left Banner, Ejina Banner and Alxa Right Banner belonged to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

In May 1980, Alashan League was established, which is subordinate to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is a regional system, and has jurisdiction over Alashan Left Banner, Alashan Right Banner and Ejina Banner.

administrative division

Alashan League governs three banners, namely

Chinese PinYin : Nei Meng Gu Zi Zhi Qu A La Shan Meng