Hengshui City, Hebei Province

Hengshui, a prefecture level city in Hebei Province, is located in the southeast of Hebei Province, between 115 ° 10 ′ - 116 ° 34 ′ E and 37 ° 03 ′ - 38 ° 23 ′ n, adjacent to Cangzhou and Dezhou in the East, Shijiazhuang in the west, Xingtai in the South and Baoding and Cangzhou in the north, with a total area of 8815 square kilometers. Hengshui City is located in the alluvial plain of Hebei Province, the terrain slowly inclines from southwest to northeast, with an altitude of 12-30 meters. It is a warm and semi-arid climate zone in the continental monsoon climate. It is an important agricultural and sideline products processing and supply base in Beijing and Tianjin. Hengshui belongs to Jingnan District of "1 + 9 + 3" plan of Bohai rim economic circle and capital economic circle. It is a member city of the joint conference of mayors of Bohai Rim regional cooperation and is called "golden cross" by Fei Xiaotong.

Jizhou under the jurisdiction of Hengshui is the first of Kyushu. Hebei Province is also called Ji because of this, such well-known figures as Dong Zhongshu, Kong Yingda, Gao Shi and Sun Li emerged. As of 2016, Hengshui has 6 national intangible cultural heritage protection projects, 33 provincial intangible cultural heritage protection projects and 55 municipal intangible cultural heritage protection projects. There are Hengshui Lake, Wuqiang New Year picture Museum, Jizhou city and other tourist attractions in Hengshui.

By the end of 2019, Hengshui had jurisdiction over 2 municipal districts, 1 county-level cities and 8 counties, with 4 million 578 thousand registered residence population and 4 million 486 thousand permanent residents. The gross domestic product value was 150 billion 490 million yuan and the per capita gross output value was 33599 yuan. On October 23, 2019, it was identified as "the third batch of demonstration cities for urban black and odorous water treatment".

Historical evolution

Place name source

The word "Hengshui" first appeared in the stele of emperor Wencheng's southern inspection by tuobajun, Emperor Wencheng of the Northern Wei Dynasty. Emperor Wencheng once held a grand ceremony on the shore of Hengshui in Xindu (today's Jizhou city). "Hengshui" in "the shore of Hengshui" is another name for the later section of zhangshui which passes through the present Jizhou city at that time, also known as "hengzhang" or "hengzhang".

In the 16th year of emperor kaihuang of Sui Dynasty, Ambassador Lang Weizhi of Hebei Province divided Hengshui County into three counties: Bo (including the land and villages around Taoyuan and Beimazhuang), Xindu and Wuyi. The name of Hengshui county is "zhangshui hengliu". Since zhangshui entered the southwest of Hengshui County, it did not flow eastward into the sea, but turned northward and then into the sea. The ancients also called this section of Zhanghe River "Hengshui". Since then, the name of Hengshui county has been used throughout the ages.

Evolution of organizational system

In summer, Hengshui belonged to Hebei and Yanzhou.

During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, there were Rao, Chang, Wucheng, Wuluo and other major feudal states.

In the spring and Autumn period, most of them belonged to the state of Jin, while in the Warring States period, they belonged to Yan and Zhao.

In 221 BC, after the first emperor of Qin unified China, it belonged to Julu County.

In the Han Dynasty, there were Guangchuan state, Xindu state and Anping state under the jurisdiction of Jizhou governor's department.

During the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to Jizhou area of Wei state. Jizhou rule was transferred from ye to Xindu. It belonged to Anping, Boling and Bohai counties.

In the Jin Dynasty, it was still under the jurisdiction of Jizhou.

In Sui Dynasty, Jizhou was in the South and Shenzhou was in the north in 596 ad.

In Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Hebei road.

In the early Song Dynasty, Jizhou belonged to Hebei East Road, and Shenzhou to Hebei West Road.

At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Guanzhou was transferred to the county seat (now Jingzhou county seat), and it was renamed Jingzhou in 1265 ad.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was under the jurisdiction of Zhongshu Province, Jingshi province and Zhili Province, and the territory was still divided into three states: Ji, Shen and Jing.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, every state was changed into a county, which was directly under the jurisdiction of the province. By 1914, the current jurisdiction was under the management of Daming Road, Baoding road and Jinhai Road.

In 1928, Zhili Province was renamed Hebei Province. At the same time, Dao was abolished, and counties were directly under the jurisdiction of Hebei Province.

In 1937, after the outbreak of the war of resistance against Japanese aggression, the jurisdiction now belongs to the central Hebei region of the Shanxi Chahar Hebei border region and the Southern Hebei region of the Shanxi Hebei Shandong Henan border region under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.

In May 1948, the two regions merged and renamed North China Administrative Region. On August 1, Hengshui district was set up, which governs some counties in southern and central Hebei, including Hengshui, Jixian, Zaoqiang, Wuyi, Shenxian, Wuqiang, Qinghe, Enxian, Xiajin, Wucheng, Gucheng, Jingxian and Fucheng. It is a newly established Hebei Province.

On November 7, 1952, Hengshui district was abolished by the order of North China Administrative Committee. Xiajin County, en county and Wucheng County under its jurisdiction were assigned to Shandong Province. Hengshui County, Shen County, Wuqiang County, Wuyi County, Zaoqiang County and Ji county were assigned to Shijiazhuang district. Jingxian County, Gucheng County and Fucheng county were assigned to Cangxian district. Qinghe County was assigned to Xingtai district.

On June 27, 1962, the State Council approved the restoration of Hengshui special area, which has jurisdiction over 11 counties, including Hengshui, Jixian, Zaoqiang, Wuyi, Shenxian, Wuqiang, Raoyang, Anping, Gucheng, Jingxian and fuchengji.

In 1970, Hengshui area was renamed Hengshui area.

On May 31, 1996, the State Council approved the abolition of Hengshui area and the establishment of prefecture level Hengshui City.

administrative division

Division evolution

In January 1982, Hengshui town was upgraded to Hengshui City.

In September 1993, Jixian County was transformed into Jizhou city.

In July 1994, Shen county was transformed into Shenzhou City.

On May 31, 1996, the State Council approved the cancellation of Hengshui City at the county level and the establishment of Taocheng District.

On July 5, 2016, Hengshui held a mobilization meeting for the adjustment of some administrative divisions. According to the reply of the State Council, Jizhou city at the county level was abolished and Jizhou District of Hengshui City was established.

Zoning details

As of 2016, Hengshui has jurisdiction over 2 municipal districts, 1 county-level city and 8 counties. It has 63 towns, 49 townships, 7 streets, 4994 villages and 92 neighborhood committees. The government is located at 369 Yucai South Street, Taocheng District.

geographical environment

Location context

Hengshui city lies between 115 ° 10 ′ - 116 ° 34 ′ E and 37 ° 03 ′ - 38 ° 23 ′ n. It is adjacent to Cangzhou City and Dezhou City in Shandong Province in the East, Shijiazhuang City in the west, Xingtai City in the South and Baoding city and Cangzhou City in the north. Taocheng District, where the municipal government is located, is 250 kilometers away from Beijing in the north and 119 kilometers away from Shijiazhuang in the West.

geology

From the top to the bottom, there are Quaternary, tertiary, Paleozoic and Proterozoic strata in Hengshui City.

Topography

Hengshui City is located in the alluvial plain of Hebei Province, the terrain slowly inclines from southwest to northeast, with an altitude of 12-30 meters. The ground slope is 1 / 8000-1 / 10000 to the east of Fuyang River and 1 / 4000 to the West. There are many rivers in the area. Due to the flooding and diversion of rivers, the sediments are staggered, forming many gentle hills, slightly inclined flat land and low-lying land. The gentle hill is a natural dike left over from the ancient river channel, which is generally distributed in a belt along the ancient river channel, and is 1-3.5 meters higher than the nearby ground. Gentle hills are very common in Raoyang and Anping. It is the geomorphic unit of transition from gentle hillock to depression. There are also many depressions, including 46 large depressions with an area of more than 10000 mu. Among them, qianqingwa within the boundaries of Jizhou city and Taocheng District is the largest depression in the city, with a total area of 75 square kilometers.

In Hengshui plain, the terrain changes greatly, the height difference is mostly 30cm-50cm, and some can reach about 1m, forming obvious hills, slopes, depressions and other different geomorphic types. The gentle hill is a natural dike left over from the ancient river channel, which is generally distributed in a belt along the ancient river channel, and is 1-3.5 meters higher than the nearby ground.

Climatic characteristics

Hengshui belongs to the continental monsoon climate zone, which is warm and semi-arid. The climate is characterized by four distinct seasons and great differences between cold, warm, dry and wet. In summer, it is affected by the southerly air flow on the edge of the Pacific subtropical high. The temperature is muggy and the precipitation is concentrated. In winter, it is affected by the northwest monsoon. The climate is dry and cold, with few rain and snow. In spring, it is dry and rainy, with more wind and faster warming. In autumn, it is sunny and cool, sometimes with continuous rain.

The annual precipitation of Hengshui City is 5.66 billion cubic meters, with an average of 642.1 mm, 119.6 mm more than the average annual precipitation (522.5 mm).

River system

The larger rivers flowing through Hengshui include the 9 parts of the Chalong River, Hutuo River, Fuyang River, Fuyang New River, Fudong drainage *, SOHO River, Lao Yan River, Qing Liang Jiang, Jiang Jianghe, Wei canal and south canal, which belong to 4 river systems of the Haihe River system. Among them, the dragon river is the Daqing River system, the Hutuo River, Fuyang River and Fuyang New River belong to Ziya River, Fudong Drainage River belongs to the south drainage drainage system, the SOHO * Old Salt River, Qingliang River and Jiangjiang River belong to the south drainage drainage system, and the Wei canal South Canal is the canal system of Zhang Weinan.

soil

According to the second soil survey, there are 3 Soil classes, 4 soil classes, 7 soil subclasses, 26 soil genera and 111 soil species in Hengshui City. The largest area is tidal soil. Fluvo aquic soil in the city covers an area of 430000 hectares, accounting for 62% of the total land area. It is widely distributed in all counties and urban areas and is the main soil type of agricultural land. The soil layer is deep and varied, but it is mainly light loam, part of which is Sandy and clayey. The soil is rich in mineral nutrients, but lack of organic matter, available nitrogen and phosphorus, which is vulnerable to drought, waterlogging and salinization. Dehumidified soil covers an area of 140000 hectares, accounting for 20.4% of the total land area of the city. It is widely distributed in the natural dykes, gentle hills and Gaoping of ancient rivers. This kind of soil has good underground water quality, no threat of flood, waterlogging and saline alkali, and most of the areas with good water conservancy conditions are high yield areas of grain and cotton.

natural resources

land resource

According to the statistical yearbook of land survey of Hebei Province in 2006, the total land area of Hengshui City is 13.257 million mu. Among them, there are 8.563 million mu of cultivated land, accounting for 64.6% of the total land area of the city. There are 2.967 million mu of dry land, 5.503 million mu of irrigated land and 93000 mu of vegetable land in the cultivated land, which are divided into three parts

Chinese PinYin : He Bei Sheng Heng Shui Shi