Yantai City, Shandong Province

Yantai Yantai is one of the prefecture level cities in Shandong Province. It is also the central city of Shandong Peninsula in China approved by the State Council. It is an important port city around the Bohai Sea. It is a national historical and cultural city. As of June 2020, the city has 5 districts and 6 county-level cities under its jurisdiction. The total area is 13746.5 square kilometers. The permanent resident population is 7.138 million, the urban population is 4.6697 million, the urbanization rate is 65.42%, and the permanent migrant population is 500000.

Yantai is located in East China and the northeast of Shandong Peninsula, with Weihai in the East, Weifang and Qingdao in the west, Yellow Sea in the south, Bohai Sea in the north, and Liaodong Peninsula across the sea from Dalian. Its coastline is 909 kilometers long, bordering Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea, and 63 Islands. It is an important node city in Bohai economic circle and Jiaodong economic circle, and one of the first batch of 14 coastal open cities in China The coastal city of one belt, one road and one country, is the key to build a port city.

On December 7, 2016, Yantai was listed as the third batch of national new urbanization comprehensive pilot areas by the State Council. In 2017, Yantai was selected as the Fifth National Civilized City, achieving the goal of "five consecutive titles" of national civilized city, and becoming the only prefecture level city in Shandong Province and the only two in China to win the "five consecutive titles" of civilized city. In 2018, China's top 100 cities ranked 24th. In November 2018, it was selected into the top 100 of the overall well-off index of Chinese cities. In December, it was named the eighth best city in Chinese mainland. On October 20, 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

In November 2020, the sixth national civilized city was announced, and Yantai was confirmed to retain the honorary title of national civilized city after review. Yantai was the only prefecture level city in China for six consecutive years. In 2020, the GDP will reach 781.642 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 3.6%.

Historical evolution

Yantai city is named after Yantai Mountain. In 1398, in order to prevent Japanese pirates, the wolf Yantai was set up in today's Yantai Mountain.

As early as Shang Dynasty, Western Zhou Dynasty and spring and Autumn period, it was the land of Lai. The Warring States belongs to the state of Qi. Qin Dynasty belongs to Qi county. The Han Dynasty belonged to Donglai county.

Jin belongs to Donglai state. The northern and Southern dynasties belong to Donglai county and Changguang county.

Sui belongs to Laizhou. Tang belongs to Dengzhou and Laizhou. Song and Yuan Dynasties are the reasons.

The Ming and Qing Dynasties belonged to Dengzhou Prefecture and Laizhou Prefecture.

In 1925, it belonged to Hokkaido. The road was abandoned in 1928.

On January 19, 1938, the military and political Commission of Jiaodong was established. On February 3, 1938, the Japanese occupied Yantai.

On February 6, 1941, the Jiaodong administrative joint office was established.

In July 1942, Jiaodong district administration office was established, which has jurisdiction over the East China Sea, West China Sea, South China Sea and North China Sea.

On August 24, 1945, the Eighth Route Army liberated Yantai, which became the earliest and largest coastal port city liberated by the Eighth Route Army.

In 1950, Wendeng District, Laiyang district and Yantai City were established. In 1956, Wendeng district and Laiyang District merged into Laiyang district. In 1958, Laiyang district and Yantai City merged into Yantai area.

In August 30, 1983, the prefecture level city of Yantai was set up in August 30, 1983. After approval by the State Council (83), the letter No. 175 of the State Council, the Yantai area was revoked and Yantai Prefecture was established. The original 12 counties in Yantai, including Rongcheng, Wendeng, Rushan, Muping, Haiyang, Laiyang, Qixia, Zhaoyuan, Huangxian, Penglai, Yexian and Changdao, were put under the jurisdiction of Yantai city; Weihai City was changed into a provincial (county-level) city, which was managed by Yantai city; Laixi County in Yantai was put under the jurisdiction of Qingdao city. At the same time, according to Shandong Provincial People's government LUZHENG No. 115 document, the original Yantai city was changed into Zhifu District, and the original Fushan County was changed into Fushan District. On November 1, the CPC Yantai Municipal Committee and Yantai Municipal People's government officially set up their official business. In June 1987, the State Council decided to set up Weihai City, a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of the province. Rongcheng, Wendeng and Rushan counties of Yantai City were under the jurisdiction of Weihai City.

In November 1983, the Yantai area was revoked and the city of Yantai changed to a prefecture level city. The 12 counties, such as Muping County in the former Yantai area, were placed under the jurisdiction of Yantai city; Weihai was still a county-level city; the former Yantai city was changed to Zhifu area; the Fukuyama Prefecture was revoked and its administrative area merged into Yantai city; the Laixi county was designated as the city of Yantai. On February 20, 1987, Laiyang county was abolished and Laiyang City was established.

On June 15, 1987, Weihai City was upgraded to prefecture level city. The three counties of Rongcheng, Wendeng and Rushan in Yantai City were put under the jurisdiction of Weihai City.

In April 1988, Ye County was abolished and Laizhou City was established. On November 30, 1991, Penglai county was abolished and Penglai City was established. On December 21, 1991, Zhaoyuan County was abolished and Zhaoyuan City was established. On November 30, 1995, Qixia county was abolished and Qixia City was established. On April 29, 1996, Haiyang county was abolished and Haiyang City was established. On July 2, 1994, Muping County was abolished and the two towns of Laishan and jiejiazhuang in Muping County were set up. After that, Muping District of Yantai city was set up with the district government stationed in Ninghai town; Laishan district was set up with the jurisdiction over Laishan town and jiejiazhuang town of Muping County and chujia town of Zhifu District, with the district government stationed in chujia town.

In 1998, Yantai governed Zhifu District, Fushan District, Muping District and Laishan District, Changdao County and seven county-level cities, including Longkou, Laiyang City, Laizhou, Penglai, Zhaoyuan, Qixia and Haiyang, with a total of 11 streets, 159 towns, 32 townships and 6568 administrative villages.

On April 28, 2000, the Ministry of Civil Affairs (min Han 54) approved the temporary relocation of Yantai municipal government to the office building of the district government at No. 6 Furong Road, Laishan district.

On June 5, 2020, the State Council approved the cancellation of Penglai City and Changdao County and the establishment of Penglai District in Yantai city by (Guo Han [2020] No. 81) document. The former administrative region of Penglai City and Changdao County is the administrative region of Penglai district. The people's Government of Penglai District is located at No. 1, East Zhonglou Road, Dengzhou Street (the former resident of Penglai municipal government). In December, it was listed as a national pilot city for industrial and financial cooperation.

administrative division

As of June 2020, Yantai has jurisdiction over five districts and six county-level cities. The municipal government is located in Laishan district.

geographical environment

geographical position

Yantai is located in the middle of Shandong Peninsula, 119 ° 34 ′～ 121 ° 57 ′ e, 36 ° 16 ′～ 38 ° 23 ′ n. It is adjacent to Weihai in the East, Weifang in the west, Qingdao in the southwest, Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea in the north, and faces Liaodong Peninsula and Dalian across the sea, forming a maritime gateway to Beijing. The maximum transverse distance is 214 km and the maximum longitudinal distance is 130 km. The total area is 13700 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 2722.3 square kilometers. The coastline curve is 702.5 km long, and the island curve is 206.62 km long.

topographic features

Yantai is a hilly area with gentle undulation and crisscross gullies. Mountainous area accounts for 36.62% of the total area, hilly area 39.7%, plain area 20.78% and depression area 2.90%. The low mountain area is located in the middle of the city, which is mainly composed of daze mountain, Aishan mountain, Luoshan mountain, Yashan mountain, Cishan mountain, Gefu mountain, Kunyu Mountain, Yuhuang mountain and Zhaohu mountain. The mountain is mostly granite, with an altitude of more than 500 meters, and the highest peak is Kunyu Mountain, with an altitude of 922.8 meters. The hilly area is distributed around the low mountain area and its extension, with an altitude of 100-300 meters, gentle undulation, continuous meandering, gentle hillside, shallow and wide valley, developed alluvial and proluvial deposits in the valley, and thick soil layer. Yantai has abundant precipitation, humid air and mild climate.

hydrology

There are many small and medium-sized rivers in Yantai City, with a length of more than 5 km. Among them, Wulong River, Dagu River, Dagujia River, Wanghe River, Jiehe River, Huangshui River and Xin'an River have a drainage area of more than 300 square kilometers. The main rivers are divided by the "Jiaodong ridge" formed by Kunyu Mountain, Yashan mountain, Aishan mountain, Luoshan mountain and daze mountain, which extend from east to west, and flow into the sea from north to south. Wulong River and Dagu River flow into the Yellow Sea to the south, Dagujia River and Xin'an River flow into the Yellow Sea to the north, and Huangshui River, Jiehe River and Wanghe river flow into the Bohai Sea. It is characterized by large bed gradient, short source, rapid flow, sudden rise and fall, and belongs to monsoon source river.

climate

Yantai has a temperate monsoon climate. Compared with inland areas of the same latitude, it has the characteristics of moderate rain, humid air and mild climate. It can be said that there is no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer. The average annual precipitation of Yantai is 524.9 mm, the average annual temperature is 13.4 ℃, and the average annual sunshine hours is 2488.9 hours. Yantai has four distinct seasons and unique climate.

natural resources

land resource

According to the official website of the government in July 2017, Yantai has a total land area of 13800 square kilometers, including 446883 hectares of cultivated land, 234 390 hectares of garden land, 220 915 hectares of forest land, 61 784 hectares of grassland, 170 396 hectares of urban, rural and industrial land, 51728 hectares of transportation land, 88524 hectares of water area and water conservancy facilities land, and 110 878 hectares of other land. The per capita cultivated land of Yantai city is 0.06 ha.

plant resources

According to the official website of the government in July 2017, the vegetation in Yantai belongs to the Jiaodong hilly cultivated vegetation Pinus densiflora and Quercus acutissima forest division in the warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest region. Due to the good water and heat conditions, the vegetation types and plant resources in this region are more abundant and luxuriant than those in other parts of the warm temperate deciduous forest region. Main forest vegetation

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