Rizhao City, Shandong Province

Rizhao Rizhao is named after "the first light at sunrise". It is a prefecture level city in Shandong Province, located on the coast of the Yellow Sea in the southeast of Shandong Province, facing Japan and South Korea across the Yellow Sea in the East, Linyi in the west, Qingdao and Weifang in the north, and Lianyungang in the south. The city's land area is 5358.57 square kilometers, and the sea area is 6000 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 2 districts and 2 counties in Donggang District, Arashiyama District, Juxian, Wulian County, and 3 million 82 thousand and 100 registered residence households at the end of 2019. In 2019, the city's GDP will reach 194.938 billion yuan.

Rizhao is a coastal ecological, livable, tourism, modern port city and port industrial base in China. It is also a part of Shandong Peninsula Urban Agglomeration and Shandong Peninsula blue economic zone. Rizhao has 168.5km coastline, two natural harbors of Shijiu Bay and Foshou Bay, and a harbor group composed of Rizhao Port and Lanshan Port. It is known as the "city of water sports" and "Oriental Sun City". He won the UN Habitat Award for his excellent environment.

Rizhao was one of the birthplaces of "Longshan culture" in Dongyi during the Xia and Shang Dynasties. It was called "the earliest city in Asia" by Oxford University's world history. From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Warring States period, it belonged to the state of Ju. Rizhao town was established in Song Dynasty, and it was named Rizhao. Rizhao county was established in Jin Dynasty, which belonged to Qingzhou in Ming Dynasty and Yizhou in Qing Dynasty. A prefecture level city was established in June 1989.

Rizhao has historical celebrities such as Jiang Shang, Liu Xie, Wang Zhimei and Ding Zhaozhong. It was awarded the title of national civilized city, National Forest City, national key city of environmental protection, and national pilot city of ecological demonstration area construction. On October 20, 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

Historical evolution

From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Warring States period, it belonged to the state of Ju.

Qin belongs to Langya county.

Haiqu county was established in the Western Han Dynasty and renamed as Xihai County in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

In the Wei Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms belonged to Chengyang county and Juxian County.

Liangxiang county was set up in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and its old city was in today's two towns.

In Sui Dynasty, it belonged to Ju county, Langya county.

The Tang and Song Dynasties belonged to Mizhou. Rizhao town was established in the second year of song and Yuan Dynasty (1087), which belongs to Juxian County.

Rizhao county was set up in 1184, which belongs to Ju state of Yidu Prefecture.

Rizhao County in Yuan Dynasty belonged to Juzhou, Yidu road.

At the beginning of Ming Dynasty, it belonged to Ju state of Qingzhou Prefecture.

The Qing Dynasty belonged to Yizhou Prefecture.

The second year of the Republic of China (1913) to withdraw the government, is Jiaodong road.

In 1928, it was directly under the Shandong provincial government.

During the Anti Japanese War, Rizhao county government of the Kuomintang was subordinate to the office of the third administrative inspector general of Shandong Province.

In March 1940, Rizhao County Anti Japanese democratic government was established, which successively belonged to Binhai administrative office, Binhai special office and three special offices.

In 1950, it belonged to Yishui district.

In 1956, it was returned to Linyi district.

On March 22, 1985, with the approval of the State Council, Rizhao county was changed into Rizhao City (county level), belonging to Linyi administrative office.

On June 12, 1989, with the approval of the State Council, Rizhao City was upgraded to prefecture level city.

On December 7, 1992, the State Council approved Rizhao City to be divided into districts and counties, and established Donggang District with the former administrative district of Rizhao City.

In September 2004, Lanshan District of Rizhao City was established.

administrative division

According to the official website of the government in July 2017, Rizhao City governs 2 districts and 2 counties, with a total of 11 streets, 40 towns and 4 townships. The municipal government is located in Donggang District.

geographical environment

Location context

Rizhao City lies between 118 degrees 25 degrees east to 119 degrees 39 ', and 35 degrees north latitude 35' 04 '- 36 degrees 04', located in the middle of the Chinese mainland and southeast of Shandong peninsula. It is adjacent to the Yellow Sea in the East, Linyi City in the west, Lianyungang City in Jiangsu Province in the south, Qingdao city and Weifang City in the north, and Japan and South Korea across the sea. It is about 82 kilometers long from north to South and 90 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 5358.57 square kilometers.

topographic features

Rizhao City is located in the hilly area of eastern Shandong Province. The general terrain is back to the mountain and facing the sea. It is high in the middle and low around. It is slightly inclined to the southeast. Mountains, hills and plains are distributed alternately. The highest point is ma'er mountain in Wulian County, with an altitude of 706 meters; the lowest point is donghaiyu village, Donggang District, with an altitude of 1-1.5 meters. 5%, hills 57. 2% and plains 25. 3%. Rizhao is located on the seashore, with a variety of landforms, including plains, hills, waters, wetlands, oceans, etc. Rizhao City is located in the hilly area of eastern Shandong Province. The general terrain is back to the mountain and facing the sea. The middle part is high and the bottom is around. It is slightly inclined to the southeast. Mountains, hills and plains are distributed alternately. The rivers in the territory are vertical and horizontal, belonging to Shuhe River and Weihe River respectively. Except Weihe River flows into Bohai Sea, the rest flows into Yellow Sea. There are 18 large rivers with a total length of 461.4 km and a drainage area of 5222.7 km2. There are 4358 mountains in Rizhao. In the west, there are Taiyi mountain series, mostly in Southeast and northwest directions; in the north, there are mostly in north-south, southwest and northeast directions; in the middle and south, there are seven mountains with different directions; in the East, there are Jiaodong hills. There are 39 over 500 meters above sea level.

climate

Sunshine belongs to the temperate monsoon climate, with four distinct seasons. There is no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer. It is very humid and typhoons land frequently. The average annual temperature is 12.7 ℃, the average annual humidity is 72%, the frost free period is 223 days, the average annual sunshine is 2533 hours, and the average annual precipitation is 874 mm. The air quality is the second class national standard. Sunshine belongs to the eastern monsoon region, high temperature and rainy in summer, cold and rainy in winter. Because it is close to the coast and is significantly affected by the ocean, the temperature difference in four seasons is relatively small compared with other inland areas at the same latitude, so the temperature in summer and winter is moderate.

hydrology

The rivers in the city belong to Shuhe river system, Weihe River system and southeast coastal water system. The larger rivers are Shuhe River, Futuan River, Chaobai River, Xiuzhen River, Weihe River, Jufeng River, etc. Among them, Shuhe river is the largest river in Rizhao City, which flows from Yishui to Juxian County and runs through the north and south of Juxian County, with a total length of 83.29 km; Futuan river is the largest river flowing into the sea alone in Rizhao City, with a total length of 60.72 km; Weihe River flows through Juxian County and Wulian County to jukuang reservoir, with a total length of 47.5 km; Xiuzhen river is an inter provincial boundary river, with a total length of 24.42 km; Chaohe River is the largest river in Rizhao City Baihe River is the border river between Rizhao City and Qingdao City, with a main stream of 41.83 km.

Rizhao coast is located in the middle of the Yellow Sea, connected with headland Bay. It starts from Tianshui estuary in the north and ends at Xiuzhen estuary in the south, with a total length of 168.5 km. It is a relatively flat bedrock gravel coast. Along the coastline, there are two natural harbors, Shijiu Bay and Foshou Bay, as well as Rizhao Port and Lanshan Port. There are Taohua island and chufeng island near the land, and the "first three islands" composed of Ping Island, Dashan island and cheniushan island far away, covering an area of 0.42 square kilometers. Rizhao has no natural lakes. There are 595 reservoirs with a total capacity of 1.3 billion cubic meters. Among them, there are 3 large reservoirs, namely Rizhao, Qingfengling and xiaoshiyang reservoirs; 10 medium reservoirs, namely Maling, Jufeng, Qiaoshan, hubuling, changchengling, shimuzi, Xuezhuang, Hexi, xiaowangtuan and longtangou reservoirs.

natural resources

land resource

The total area of land in Rizhao is 8025127.7 mu, including 6433271.4 mu of agricultural land, 1065614.3 mu of construction land and 526242.0 mu of unused land. Among them: cultivated land 3461468.1 mu, accounting for 43.13% of the total land area of Rizhao City; garden land 739752.2 mu, accounting for 9.22% of the total land area of Rizhao City; forest land 1137295.4 mu, accounting for 14.17% of the total land area of Rizhao City; other agricultural land 1094755.7 mu, accounting for 13.64% of the total land area of Rizhao City; residential land and independent industrial and mining land 866966.7 mu, accounting for 10.80% of the total land area of Rizhao City; transportation 9 mu, accounting for 0.81% of the total land area of Rizhao City; 133711.7 mu, accounting for 1.67% of the total land area of Rizhao City; 288414.1 mu, accounting for 3.60% of the total land area of Rizhao City; 237827.9 mu, accounting for 2.96% of the total land area of Rizhao City.

Donggang District is 1706589.1 mu, Lanshan district is 1148760.5 mu, Ju county is 2924321.1 mu, Wulian County is 2245457.0 mu. Ju county has the largest area, accounting for 36.44% of the total land area of Rizhao City, while Lanshan district has the smallest area, accounting for 14.31% of the total land area of Rizhao City.

Rizhao City has four islands, namely Pingdao, Dashan Island, cheniushan island and Taigong Island, with a total area of 600.7 mu.

Biological resources

There are 207 species of wild animals in Rizhao City, belonging to 4 classes, 26 orders and 11 genera. There are 7 species of Amphibia, 15 species of Reptilia, 14 species of mammalia and 171 species of ornitha. There are 37 kinds of resident birds and 134 kinds of migratory birds in the existing wild birds; there are 24 kinds of national key protected birds, including 4 kinds of national first-class protected birds (Red Crowned Crane, great bustard, Golden Eagle, white stork), and 20 kinds of national second-class protected birds (yellow billed Egret, swan, white goose, mandarin duck, grey crane, etc.). Among wild mammals, Mongolian hare and hedgehog are widely distributed.

mineral resources

Rizhao City straddles three grade III structural units of Jiaonan uplift, Jiaolai depression and Yishu Fault Zone. The exposed strata are complete, the structure is complex, and the magmatic activity is strong. It has formed rich mineral resources such as nonmetal, groundwater, mineral water, etc. 56 kinds of minerals have been found, including iron, manganese, copper, lead, zinc, gold, silver, rare earth, zircon, dolomite, limestone, kyanite, andalusite, sand for casting, coal, pyrite, phosphorus, salt, rutile, potash feldspar, serpentinite, peridotite, fluorite, barite, porcelain, kaolin, refractory clay, asbestos and silica

Chinese PinYin : Shan Dong Sheng Ri Zhao Shi