Linfen City, Shanxi Province

Linfen Linfen is a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Shanxi Province and a provincial sub central city. It is located in the southwest of Shanxi Province, with Taiyue in the East, Changzhi and Jincheng in the neighborhood; the Yellow River in the west, Yan'an and Weinan across the river; Hanxinling in the north, Jinzhong and Luliang in the border; Yuncheng in the south, it is named because it is located on the shore of Fenshui; it is located in a semi-arid and semi humid monsoon climate zone, belonging to temperate zone It has a continental climate with four distinct seasons and the same period of rain and heat. It has jurisdiction over one municipal district, 14 counties and two county-level cities. By the end of 2017, Linfen has a permanent resident population of 4.4815 million.

Linfen City has a long history. It is one of the important birthplaces of the Chinese nation and the cradle of the Yellow River civilization. It is known as "the first capital of China". It is an important grain and cotton production base in North China, rich in wheat and cotton, known as "the hometown of cotton and wheat" and "the fertile land". It has formed a diversified industrial system and is an important part of the construction of new energy and industrial base in Shanxi Province The city is rich in natural resources and is one of the three major high-quality coking coal bases in China. There are many kinds of intangible culture in the city, including Puzhou Bangzi, Weifeng gongs and drums and other folk art forms. It is known as "the hometown of plum blossom", "the hometown of paper cutting" and "the hometown of gongs and drums".

In December 2017, he won the "outstanding city award of toilet revolution". In 2019, the added value of Linfen's GDP will reach 145.26 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 6.0% at comparable prices.

Historical evolution

Linfen is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation, "the Emperor Century" said: "the capital of Yao Pingyang", which is now Linfen. Yugong divides the world into Kyushu and Pingyang into Jizhou. Jizhou is located in the center of Kyushu, so it is called "China", from which the word "China" comes.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Cheng of Zhou granted his younger brother Shu Yu the title of Tang Dynasty (today's Yicheng). Because there was Jinshui in Tang Dynasty, Xie Fu, the son of Shu Yu, changed Tang Dynasty into Jin Dynasty.

The spring and Autumn Period belonged to the Marquis state of Jin. When Wengong of Jin dominated the north, the center of Jin was in Quwo, Houma and Xiangfen.

In the early Warring States period, Han, Zhao and Wei were divided into three families, and Han built Pingyang as its capital.

Qin changed the enfeoffment system to county system, and the whole country was divided into 36 counties, belonging to Hedong county. In the Western Han Dynasty, the whole country was divided into 103 prefectures, which were under the jurisdiction of Sili Department of Hedong Prefecture.

In 247, Pingyang County was established.

In the third year of Yongjia (309) of the Western Jin Dynasty, Liu Yuanjian was a Han, and his capital was Pingyang. Xiaochang in the Northern Wei Dynasty set up the Tang state.

Sui kaihuang three years (583), home Linfen County, Linfen name is still used.

The system of Dao, Fu, Zhou and Xian was practiced in Tang Dynasty, and Jinzhou was established in 618.

In the sixth year of Zhenghe (1116) of the Northern Song Dynasty, Pingyang Prefecture was set up, with jurisdiction over Linfen, Fenxi, Hongdong, Yueyang, Xiangning, Zhaocheng, Huoyi, Fushan, Jishi, Hechuan 10 counties and Xi, Ji and Jiang 3 prefectures.

In Yuan Dynasty, the system of province, road, prefecture and county was implemented, which was Jinning Road (governing Linfen) of xuanweisi in Zhongshu province.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Pingyang Prefecture was replaced and 35 counties were under the command, including Linfen and Yuncheng, Lingshi County in Jinzhong City and Shilou County in Luliang area.

In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), the government abandoned the government and set up Dao to govern counties. 17 counties, including Linfen, Hongdong, Zhaocheng, Xiangling, Fencheng, Quwo, Anze, Fushan, Yicheng, Xiangning, Jixian, Huoxian, Fenxi, Xixian, Puxian, Daning and Yonghe, were under the jurisdiction of Hedong Dao.

In 1927, the abandoned road was directly under the jurisdiction of Shanxi Province. At the beginning of the Anti Japanese War, Linfen was the sixth of the seven administrative regions in Shanxi Province.

In November 1937, Shanxi provincial government moved to Jixian County. During the Japanese puppet rule, it was Jining road. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, it belonged to Taiyue district.

On May 17, 1948, Linfen was liberated.

In February 1949, Jinnan District was established, which belongs to the government of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region. On September 1 of the same year, it was changed to Shanxi Province.

On January 6, 1950, Linfen district was established.

In 1954, Yuncheng district was merged into Jinnan District (located in Linfen), with jurisdiction over 29 counties.

In 1970, the special area was changed into a district, and Jinnan special area was divided into Linfen and Yuncheng according to the original system.

In 1978, Linfen district administrative office was set up, with jurisdiction over Linfen, Houma, two cities and 16 counties.

In 1983, Linfen county and Linfen City merged into Linfen City.

On November 1, 2000, the prefecture level Linfen city was established.

In December 2019, Linfen city will become a provincial sub central city.

administrative division

As of June 2017, Linfen City has jurisdiction over one municipal district, 14 counties and entrusted two county-level cities: Yaodu District, Houma City, Huozhou City, Quwo County, Yicheng County, Xiangfen County, Hongdong County, Gu County, Anze County, Fushan County, Ji County, Xiangning County, Daning County, Xi county, Yonghe County, Pu county and Fenxi county. There are 20 streets, 75 towns, 76 townships (171 in total), 191 neighborhood committees and 2957 Village Committees (3148 in total). The municipal government is located in xingshuxiang, Jiefang Road, Yaodu District.

geographical environment

geographical position

Linfen city is located in the southwest of Shanxi Province, adjacent to Changzhi and Jincheng in the East, the Yellow River across the river from Shaanxi Province in the west, Hanxinling in the north, Jinzhong and Luliang in the north, and Yuncheng in the south. The geographical coordinates are 35 ° 23 ′～ 36 ° 57 ′ N and 110 ° 22 ′～ 112 ° 34 ′ e. the maximum vertical distance from north to south is more than 170 square kilometers, and the maximum horizontal distance from east to west is about 200 kilometers. The total area is 20275 square kilometers, accounting for 13% of the province. Linfen is located in Leihuo in the East, Hefen in the west, Qinshu in the South and Youbing in the north. It is an important place for military strategists since ancient times.

details

topographic features

The outline of Linfen city is in the shape of "concave". It is surrounded by mountains and plain in the middle. The whole city is divided into three terrain units: mountain, hill and basin. Among them, Pingchuan area accounts for 19.4%, hilly area 51.4% and mountainous area 29.2%. Linfen basin runs through the middle of Linfen City, and divides the whole uplifted plateau into East and west mountainous areas. Taiyue Mountain and Zhongtiao Mountain are in the east from north to south, and Luliang Mountain is in the west, with an altitude of more than 1000 meters. The highest is the main peak of Huoshan mountain in Taiyue Mountain, with an altitude of 2346.8 meters, and the lowest is shijiatan in Xiangning County, with an altitude of 385.1 meters. There are seven rivers including the Yellow River, Fenhe River, Xinshui River, Qinhe River, Huihe River, ehe River and Qingshui River, and three famous springs including Guozhuang, Longci and Huoquan.

climate

Linfen city is located in the semi-arid, semi humid monsoon climate zone, a temperate continental climate, four distinct seasons, hot and rainy at the same time. The temperature is characterized by cold winter and hot summer. The main characteristics of the city's climate are: cold and dry in winter, few snowfall; dry and windy in spring, continuous rain in autumn; hot and heavy rain in summer, alternate drought and rain in summer. The annual average sunshine hours are 1748.4-2512.6 hours, the annual average temperature is 9.0-12.9 ℃, the precipitation is 420.1-550.6 mm, and the frost free period is 127-280 days. The average precipitation of the whole city is 756.0 mm. The annual distribution characteristics are as follows: early before and late after waterlogging, more snow in winter and more continuous rain in autumn.

natural resources

land resource

The total land area of Linfen city is 20275 square kilometers. The terrain outline is generally in the shape of "concave". It is surrounded by mountains and flat in the middle. The whole area is divided into three terrain units: mountain, hill and basin. Linfen basin runs through the middle of Linfen City and divides the whole uplift plateau into two parts: East and West Mountains. From north to south in the East are Taiyue Mountain and Zhongtiao Mountain, and in the West are Luliang Mountain. Among them, Pingchuan area is 3933.4 square kilometers, accounting for 19.4% of the total area, hilly area is 10421.4 square kilometers, accounting for 51.4% of the total area, and mountainous area is 5920.2 square kilometers, accounting for 29.2% of the total area. Under the influence of water and heat conditions, the soil in Linfen city is well developed, with deep and heavy clay layer and rich nutrient content. The zonal soil types commonly distributed in Linfen City are cinnamon soil, grassland meadow soil, brown soil and swamp soil. Because of "two rivers, three mountains and five hills", the land types are diverse, and the area suitable for forest and grass is large, but the forest coverage rate is low, and the soil erosion is serious. Reserve land resources are still relatively rich. A large number of saline alkali wasteland, sandy wasteland and swamp land can be reclaimed for agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. However, drainage, river regulation and bank expansion projects are needed, and the development investment is large.

water resource

There are more than 200 rivers in Linfen, which belong to the Yellow River system. The main stream of the Yellow River, Fenhe River and Qinhe River cover an area of more than 1000 square kilometers. Located in the west of Linfen City, the main stream of the Yellow River is the natural boundary between Shanxi and Qinhuangdao, with a total length of 174 kilometers and a drainage area of 7738 square kilometers. Fenhe River runs through the middle of the whole territory, with a drainage area of 10310 square kilometers, which is the largest river in Linfen. Qinhe River is the river system with the least sediment concentration in Linfen, with a total length of 95 kilometers and a drainage area of 1955 square kilometers. The rivers are mainly seasonal rivers, and the runoff is mainly concentrated in June to September of the flood season, so the flood is discharged in rainy season and the water is cut off in dry season. In geographical distribution, mountain area is larger than Pingchuan, East Mountain is larger than west mountain. The total amount of water resources in Linfen city is 1.52 billion cubic meters, including 1.32 billion cubic meters of river runoff (including 477.2 million cubic meters of spring water) and 1.026 billion cubic meters of groundwater resources. The average inflow of surface water is 788 million cubic meters, the inflow of spring water is 509 million cubic meters, and the per capita share of water resources is 350 cubic meters.

mineral resources

Linfen is rich in mineral resources. There are more than 38 proven minerals, including 2 fuel minerals, 12 metal minerals, 24 non-metal minerals, coal, iron, gypsum, limestone, dolomite, bentonite, granite, marble, oil shale and refractory clay

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Lin Fen Shi