Liuhe District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province

Liuhe District Liuhe District is located in the north of Nanjing city. It is an important modern industrial base of the country, an advanced manufacturing industry gathering area and scientific and technological innovation base in the eastern region of the country, an important modern service center in the Yangtze River Delta region, and together with Pukou District and Baguazhou Street in Qixia District, it forms the Jiangbei new district of Nanjing.

Liuhe District was called Tangyi in ancient times. There were primitive clan villages more than 10000 years ago. It was established in the first year of Lingwang of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (571 BC). It is one of the earliest cities in China. It is known as "the barrier of the capital, the passageway of Hebei and Shandong, the important military place, and the giant town of Jiangbei". It is the hometown of Yuhuashi, a "national treasure given by heaven and a unique Chinese" and the birthplace of Chinese folk song "Jasmine" It is the hometown of Chinese folk songs.

The Dachang in Liuhe District, known as the "cradle of Chinese chemical industry", is the earliest chemical base in China. At the beginning of the 20th century, fan Xudong, Hou Debang, the founders of Chinese chemical industry, founded the earliest chemical base in China. At that time, Yongli factory, Asia's largest and the world's most advanced "largest factory in the Far East", was the first industrial base in the 12th district at the beginning of liberation First name.

In October 2019, it will become the 77th in the list of top 100 comprehensive strength districts in China. In October 2019, it was rated as one of the top 100 science and technology innovation zones in China in 2019 and one of the top 100 new urbanization quality zones in China in 2019.

Historical evolution

There were primitive clan villages in Liuhe District about 10000 years ago, and there were primitive villages of human activities along the Chuhe River in the Neolithic age five or six thousand years ago. The Six Harmonies of ancient civilization appeared in history more than 2000 years ago.

Liuhe was called Tangyi in ancient times, and later changed its name to Liuhe because of Liuhe mountain. It was first seen in Zuo's spring and Autumn Annals in 559 BC (the 13th year of King ZhouLing). In ancient times, Liuhe, or Tangyi, included all of today's Liuhe District, most of Pukou District in Nanjing City, most of Chuzhou City in Anhui Province. It was changed to "Liuhe" only in the kaihuang period of Sui Dynasty. Because of its continuous six peaks, it is a pity that the six peaks are left in today's Pukou.

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Tangyi first belonged to Chu, then to Wu, and then to Yue. It returned to Chu in 334 BC and became an important town of Wu state at the junction of Wu and Chu.

In the 26th year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty (221 BC), Tangyi county was established as Jiujiang county.

During the struggle between Chu and Han, Tangyi County belonged to Chu at the beginning. In the third year of the Han Dynasty (204 BC), King yingbu of Jiujiang of Chu returned to the Han Dynasty.

In the Han Dynasty, in the sixth year of emperor Gao (201 BC), Chen Yingtang was granted the title of Marquis of Tangyi. In the sixth year of Yuanshou of Emperor Wu (117 BC), it was renamed Tangyi. In the first year of Yuanding (116 BC), apart from the Marquis state of Tangyi, it was restored to Tangyi County, belonging to linhuai county. In the Jianwu year of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was transferred to Guangling County of Xuzhou.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Guangling County belonged to Wei, and then to Wu in the 13th year of chiwu (250). Therefore, Tangyi county belongs to Sunwu Guangling county.

In the first year of Taikang (280), Tangyi belonged to linhuai County of Xuzhou. In the seventh year of Yuankang (297), Tangyi county was set up in Tangyi County, which was subordinate to Yangzhou. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, in the fourth year of Chengkang (338), the Yangtze and Huaihe rivers were in chaos, and the people went south. The overseas Chinese set up Tangyi county to Jiankang in the south of the Yangtze River, but their own county was not abolished. (a remark on moving Tangyi county to Jiankang by overseas Chinese can be found in the notes of Tongjian: "the real county has Tangyi in the north of the Yangtze River"; Wanli yingtianfu annals: "the overseas Chinese set up Tangyi here, but our county is not abolished"). In the first year of Long'an (397), the Central Plains was in chaos, and the people of Qin went to the south to live in Tangdi. Tangyi county was changed into Qin county to be unified, and Qin county was set up. Weishi County was set up in Qin county to be refugees of an Weishi (now Weishi County in Henan Province), and Yicheng County was set up to be refugees of an Yicheng (now northeast Huaiyuan in Anhui Province). Qin county and Qin, Weishi and Yicheng counties were all set up by overseas Chinese, and had solid soil in today's Liuhe County.

During the northern and Southern Dynasties, Qin County belonged to nanyuzhou (qiaozhou) in the first year of Yongchu (420) and nanyanzhou (qiaozhou) in the eighth year of Yuanjia (431). In the year of Yuanjia, the Northern Wei Dynasty occupied Qin county and changed it into Qinzhou and Hengshan County. In the 28th year of Yuanjia, the Song Dynasty recovered the lost land, abolished Qinzhou and restored it to Qin county.

In 479, the first year of Jianyuan in the Southern Qi Dynasty, Qin county set up Qi county and governed Guabu (Guabu), belonging to Qingzhou. In the first year of Yongming Dynasty (483), Qin county was incorporated into Qi County, and Tangyi county was merged into Weishi County. In the second year of Yongming Dynasty, Weishi County was transferred to Xinchang County. In the first year of Liang Tianjian (502), Qi county was abolished and Qin county was restored. Weishi County was divided into Tangyi county and Weishi County. In the third year of Taiqing Dynasty (549), Hou Jing attacked Qin county and changed it to xiyanzhou. In the first year of Chen Yongding's reign (557), the land lost in Jiangbei was restored, and Qin county was restored, belonging to Tang Yi and Wei family. In the fifth year of Taijian (573), the Northern Qi Dynasty took Qin county again and set up Waliang County of Qinzhou, which was then recovered by Chen, and Qin county was still set up; in the tenth year, Qin county was changed to Yizhou and xuanba. In 579 ad, the Northern Zhou Dynasty went down to the South and occupied Qin county. Qin county was changed into Fangzhou, Liuhe County and Fangshan County, belonging to Fangzhou. Fangzhou is governed by Fangshan.

In 581, the first year of emperor kaihuang of Sui Dynasty, Liuhe County was abolished, and all the counties belonged to Fangzhou. In the fourth year of kaihuang reign, Weishi County, Tangyi county and Fangshan County were abolished and merged into Liuhe County, belonging to Fangzhou. Daye first year (605) abandoned Fangzhou, Liuhe County belongs to Yangzhou Jiangdu county. In the 12th year of Daye (616), Du Fu Wei and Fu Gong Zhe Jiang Huai uprising army occupied Liuhe. The Liuhe river controls the Huaihe River, leads directly to Hebei and Shandong, and protects Nanjing. It has always been a place for military strategists to fight. Whether it is a dispute between the north and the south, or a fight between the East and the west, it is the intersection of wars. The accumulation of population and the prosperity of markets make Liuhe the main road of land transportation between the north and the south of the river.

In the second year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (619), Dewey came down to Tang Dynasty, and Liuhe was named Tang you. In the fifth year, Liuhe was designated as tight County, belonging to nanyanzhou; in the seventh year, it was changed to Fangzhou. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Fangzhou was abolished, and Liuhe belonged to Yangzhou. In the first year of Guangming (880), the Yellow nest volunteers occupied Liuhe.

In the Southern Tang Dynasty, the capital of Jiangning prefecture (now Nanjing) was established in the first year of Shengyuan (937), and Liuhe County belonged to Jiangning Prefecture. In the sixth year of Baoda (948), Liuhe was changed into Xiongzhou.

After Zhou Xiande five years (958) accounted for the Southern Tang Jianghuai land, abandoned Xiongzhou, rehoused Liuhe County, Yangzhou.

In the first year of song Jianlong (960), Liuhe belonged to Yangzhou. In the second year of Zhidao (996), it belonged to Jian'an army. In the sixth year of Xiangfu (1013), Anjun was transformed into Zhenzhou, which belonged to Liuhe. In the first year of Daguan (1107), it was promoted to Wangxian County in Liuhe County. In the seventh year of Zhenghe (1117), it belonged to Yizhen county. At the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, Yizhen county was restored to Zhenzhou, which belonged to Liuhe.

In the early Yuan Dynasty, Liuhe County belonged to Yangzhou. In 1277, it belonged to Yangzhou road. Twenty one years (1284), is true state road true state (now Yizheng).

In 1389, Liuhe was changed from Yangzhou to Yingtian.

In 1645, Tianfu was changed to Jiangning Fu. Liuhe belongs to Jiangning Prefecture. After the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom established its capital in 1853, Liuhe County belonged to Jiangning County, Tianjing province. In 1858, the Taiping army conquered Liuhe County and transferred it to Tianpu province. In 1864, the Qing army captured Tianjing, and Liuhe County returned to Jiangning Prefecture.

The first year of the Republic of China (1912) abolished the government, Liuhe County belongs to Jiangsu Province. In 1914, it belonged to Jinling Road, Jiangsu Province. The road was abandoned in 1927, belonging to Jiangsu Province. In 1934, Liuhe County was the tenth administrative supervision district of Jiangsu Province.

During the period of Anti Japanese War, the three political power areas in Liuhe County crisscrossed and changed frequently. On December 15, 1937, the Japanese occupied Liuhe County. It was withdrawn in March of the next year and occupied the county again on December 7. The puppet regime was the maintenance Council first, and then the puppet county government. Liuhe County was subordinate to the puppet Jiangsu provincial government, and the puppet Japanese occupied the county and main market towns. The county government of the Republic of China withdrew to the border of the county, and Liuhe County was still subordinate to the fifth administrative supervision district of Jiangsu Province (in Jiangdu).

In June 1939, the new fourth army advanced into Liuhe, controlled large areas of rural areas and established Anti Japanese democratic regime.

In April 1940, the Anti Japanese democratic government of Liuhe County was established in Zhuzhen.

From July to September 1941, the Party committee of the Eastern District of the Communist Party of China decided to transform the 800 District of Liuhe County into zhier District, dongwangmiao District into zhier District, and Donggou District into zhier district.

In October 1942, Yeshan county was established by merging zhier district and zhisi district. (the direct three districts are under the jurisdiction of the Anti Japanese democratic regime in Yizheng county).

In February 1943, Liuhe County was merged with the Anti Japanese base area of lailiu County in Anhui Province and established as lailiu county (the leading organ is called lailiu County Office). Yeshan county and Yizheng county were merged and established as Southeast county (the leading organ is called southeast County Office). In September, the CPC Pukou Liuhe Working Committee was established, which is also a county-level political power organization. In today's Liuhe, there are three districts, namely Nanwei, wangzi and Chuhe. One year later, it was established as Liuhe County.

In September 1944, Dongnan county was abolished and Yeshan county was rebuilt; the sixth Working Committee of Pu county was changed into Liuhe County. Now, three anti Japanese Democratic County regimes were established in Liuhe County. Laian County governs the west of the county, Yeshan County governs the East, and Liuhe County governs the area along the River to the south of the county. The three counties are under the leadership of Ludong Commissioner's office.

In June 1945, Liuhe County was abolished and merged into Yeshan county. On August 15, Yeshan county was changed to Liuhe County, still under the Ludong Commissioner's office. On August 20, 1945, the new fourth army conquered Liuhe County, which was still occupied by the Japanese puppets, and took Liuhe County as the seat of the Anti Japanese democratic government. On January 9, 1946, they were evacuated to Yeshan. The government of Liuhe County returned to Liuhe County in the Republic of China. Later, Liuhe County was the tenth administrative supervision district of Jiangsu Province (Jiangpu, Liuhe and Yizheng counties were set up by the fifth administrative supervision district).

In March 1948, the people's Liberation Army went south and entered Liuhe County. In April, it built Dongnan County; in May, it built lailiu County; in July, it built xujialai county. In November, the six counties of Dongnan county and xujialai county were removed and restored

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Su Sheng Nan Jing Shi Liu He Qu