Huaning County, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province

Huaning County Huaning County is a county under Yuxi City, Yunnan Province. It is located in the southern edge of the lake basin area of the central Yunnan Plateau and belongs to the middle mountain type landform. It is adjacent to Mile County in the East, Jianshui County in the south, Tonghai County and Jiangchuan District in the west, Chengjiang County and Yiliang County in the north. The territory is 34 kilometers wide from east to west and 59 kilometers long from north to south, with a total area of 1313 square kilometers. The mountainous area accounts for 89%, Located between 23 ° 59 ′ n to 24 ° 34 ′ N and 102 ° 49 ′ e to 103 ° 09 ′ e, the terrain is high in the northwest, low in the southeast, narrow in the East and West, long in the South and North, high mountains and undulating mountains, crossed mountains, hills, basins and valleys, presenting a "two ridges and two troughs" terrain. The larger basins are ningzhouba and panxiba. The main rivers are Nanpan River, Qinglong River, Haikou River, Longdong River and Huaxi River, which belong to the Pearl River system.

In December 2018, it won the title of the second batch of national ecological civilization construction demonstration cities and counties.

history

The establishment of Huaning can be traced back to the Warring States period. In the late Warring States period, China was divided into Kyushu and Huaning was within the scope of Liangzhou. Around 279 BC, Zhuang Ji was called queen in Dian and even Qin Dynasty, and Huaning was the territory of Dian.

In the sixth year of the Ding reign of the Han Dynasty (111 BC), Wushan County was set up in Panxi, Huaning County, which is under the jurisdiction of Jue county. In the second year of Yuanfeng (109 B.C.), it was changed to be subordinate to Yizhou county (the county government is now in Qujing). After that, Wudan county was separated from Jianning county and Zhuo County, and Xinggu county was set up (the county governance is in Guangnan County).

During the reign of emperor Cheng of Jin Dynasty (326-334), Liangshui county was set up in some areas of Xinggu county. Now the majority of Huaning County belongs to Liangshui County of Liangshui County, and the county and county administration are the same as the old state of Jiangchuan County. Later, through the southern and Northern Dynasties and even the Sui Dynasty, most of Huaning today is Liangshui County, and Wushan County (county governance has always been in Panxi) coexists with Liangshui county.

In 618, the first year of Wude of Tang Dynasty, nanzhong was opened, and Nanning was restored. Ningzhou was established in the period of Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties; in 593, the 13th year of kaihuang of Sui Dynasty, the general manager's office of Nanning was established in Qujing of Wei County, and it was abolished in 597. In the seventh year (624), Xining was separated from Nanning. In the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), Xining was changed to Lizhou. The state governance was set up in the old state of Jiangchuan, with Liangshui (now the majority of Huaning County and Jiangchuan County) and Jiang (now the Longjie area of Jiangchuan County). Tianbao seven years (748), Liangshui County for Nanzhao buxiong department, followed by Cuan people. At that time, the indigenous dougui tribe, which lived in Longmu (today's Longmu in Xincheng town of Huaning County), was quite powerful, and the leader of Cuan people, Aji, was unable to control it. So he cut Langguang (today's main street in Jiangchuan County) to dougui, which was called ningbu. The descendants of dougui built the city in Xiacun, which is hundreds of meters northwest of Huaning County. It is called "xishalong" (meaning "the city of Sun Tzu" in Yi language). Ningbu has been followed down through the Five Dynasties and even the Song Dynasty.

In the third year of Yuan Xianzong (1253), Kublai conquered Yunnan. In the fourth year, Puti, the leader of the Ministry of Ning, was attached. In the fifth year (1255), ten thousand households were set up in ningzhou (Wushan County may merge ningzhou at this time), and one thousand households were set up in linge (Eshan) and Malang (Xinping). Ten thousand households were set up in xishalong. In 1273, ten thousand households in ningzhou were transformed into Ninghai Prefecture, which was under the jurisdiction of Lin'an Road (now Jianshui), and was transferred to Jiuzhou in Jiangchuan County. In 1276, Ninghai Prefecture was changed to ningzhou and Xisha county was set up. Ningzhou leads Xisha County, Tonghai County and gan'e County, and is still under Lin'an road. In the 28th year of Zhiyuan (1291), Zhouzhi was moved to xishalong. In the second year of Zhizhi reign (1322), Xisha county was incorporated into ningzhou, and Tonghai and gao'e counties were led by the prefecture.

In the 15th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1382), the road was changed into a mansion, and Tonghai and gao'e counties were designated. Ningzhou began to be an administrative region at the same level as the county, and it was Zhili Lin'an Prefecture.

The Qing Dynasty inherited the Ming system, and Huaning was still called ningzhou, subordinate to Lin'an Prefecture.

In 1912, ningzhou was renamed Ningxian. Because of the same name as Ning County in Gansu Province, it was renamed Li County in October of 2002 (named after Lizhou in Tang Dynasty). In April of 1932, it was renamed Huaning County (the county seat is close to Huagai mountain in the northwest, on which there is ningshou temple, also known as ningzhou, with the initials of Huagai mountain and ningshou Temple).

Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, it has been called Huaning County. In October 1958, Huaning County and Qilu County merged into Tonghai County. In October 1959, Huaning County was separated from Tonghai County and restored. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it has been attached to Yuxi area of Yunnan Province.

Since the Ming Dynasty, the state and county governments have been stationed in ningzhou town.

In 1665, Lu Changxian, the local magistrate of ningzhou, contacted the chieftains in southern Yunnan to fight against Wu Sangui's tyrannical rule.

In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), the Jiegan uprising of Hui and Yi people in Panxi lasted for 17 years and became a part of the uprising of all ethnic groups in Yunnan during the Taiping Revolution. In 1873, Li Bao, a Yi people in Qinglong, gathered to revolt.

In April 1949, the CPC Huaning County Committee was established, leading the people of all ethnic groups in the county to carry out the struggle against the "three expeditions" and armed struggle, and peacefully liberated the county on December 23 of the same year.

On January 25, 1950, the people's Government of Huaning County was established, and Huaning County was liberated and entered the period of socialist construction.

Regionalization

In 2011, Huaning County governs 1 sub district office, 3 towns and 1 Township, with a total of 73 villagers' committees, 4 communities and 1 residents' committee.

Geography

terrain

The Huaning mountains, from the southwest of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, extend in the territory of the part of the East-West two branches, showing a north-south trend, mountains stretch across the whole territory. The East Branch of Laoxiang mountain is located in the middle of the county, and the West Branch of Modou mountain is located in the West. From north to south, the East branches are Mopan Mountain, ajian mountain, Luoyan mountain, dashiyakou mountain, Yifu Laoxiang mountain, Dashuijing Yantou mountain, Santai mountain, Denglou mountain and tuobai mountain; from north to south, the West branches are Zude mountain, Daheishan mountain, egg mountain, Modou mountain, Mada mountain, wunao mountain and Guanyin Mountain.

climate

The climate generally belongs to the monsoon climate of semi humid plateau in the middle subtropics. There are four climate types in different altitudes, namely, the south subtropics, the middle subtropics, the North subtropics and the south temperate zone. Due to the complex geomorphic types and the wide vertical elevation difference, the redistribution of light, heat and water is characterized by large vertical variation, small seasonal variation, no intense heat in summer, no severe cold in winter, distinct dry and wet seasons and obvious regional differences. The annual average temperature is 16 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 31.1 ℃ ~ 35 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 7.6 ℃, the annual average ground temperature is 17.8 ~ 20.1 ℃, the annual average relative humidity is 77%, the annual frost free period is about 260 days; the annual average sunshine is 2100 ~ 2165 hours, the sunshine is more in winter and spring, less in summer and autumn; the rainfall is abundant in summer and autumn, less in winter and spring, and the annual rainfall is about 916 mm. In 2005, the average temperature was 17.4 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature was 32.7 ℃ (May 26), and the extreme minimum temperature was 1.3 ℃ (March 5). The annual sunshine hours are 1862.2 hours, the frost free period is 275 days, and the annual rainfall is 831.1 mm. Panxi, Huaxi low heat valley area, known as "natural greenhouse".

resources

mineral products

Huaning is rich in mineral resources. The main resources include water energy, lignite, iron, copper, phosphorus, lead and zinc, gypsum, limestone, clay, porcelain clay, silica, silver and sulfur. The proven mineral reserves include phosphorus, lignite, lead-zinc, limestone and gypsum, of which the reserves of phosphate rock are more than 438 million tons, with an average grade of 24.2%. The reserves of lignite are more than 80 million tons.

hydrology

According to the records of agricultural regionalization in 1986, the annual average total water resources in Huaning County is 467.73 million cubic meters, including 320 million cubic meters of natural runoff and 147.73 million cubic meters of spring water supplied outside the county. There are 374900 cubic meters of water per square kilometer, 2780 cubic meters per capita and 2576 cubic meters per mu of cultivated land. In the total amount of water resources, 222.6 million cubic meters of surface water, accounting for 47.5%; 245.47 million cubic meters of groundwater, accounting for 52.5%. Excluding the total amount of water resources, there are three boundary rivers with neighboring counties, namely Haikou River, Nanpanjiang River and Qujiang River. The annual average water volume is 2.974 billion cubic meters, including 2.406 billion cubic meters of Nanpanjiang River (including Haikou River) and 568 million cubic meters of Qujiang River.

The distribution of water resources in Huaning County is unbalanced and the development conditions are different. Among them, the surface water is mostly distributed in mountainous areas, with more rivers, large slope, less closure and low utilization rate of precipitation; the groundwater resources are rich, with stable flow, and mostly distributed in river valleys and dam areas.

The larger rivers in Huaning County include Nanpan River, Qujiang River, Haikou River, Longdong River and Qinglong River, as well as more than 630 springs and small tributaries of Longtan, which are rich in water energy resources. The theoretical hydropower reserves of the whole county are 29448kw, including 192727kw of Nanpan River, 53715kw of Qujiang River, 14305kw of Haikou River, 7963kw of Qinglong River, 13596kw of Longdong River and 121740kw of other small tributaries. The exploitable and utilized water energy resources are 208199kw, of which 133934kw is developed and utilized in Huaning County. By 2004, the developed and utilized installed capacity is 27211kw.

There are five geothermal anomaly areas in the territory, namely Xiangbi hot spring, Qinglong Yadan village, tonghongdian, Panxi wenshuitang and Lude river. There are many hot springs with wide distribution, and there are more than 10 places with water temperature above 25 ℃. Among them, there are 3 places with temperature higher than 40 ℃, and the highest water temperature of tonghongdian hot spring is about 50 ℃, which is in 3

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