Shanhaiguan District, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province

Shanhaiguan District, subordinate to Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, is located in the northeast of Hebei Province. It is the throat connecting the northeast and North China. It is known as "the key of the two capitals, the first pass of the Great Wall". Shanhaiguan, also known as Yuguan in ancient times, is also known as linlu pass. In 1381, the 14th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, Xu Da, the king of Zhongshan, was ordered to establish Shanhaiguan here. Because it is close to Yanshan Mountain in the north and Bohai Sea in the south, it is named Shanhaiguan.

Shanhaiguan district is adjacent to Bohai Sea in the South and Yanshan Mountain in the north, with convenient transportation and three-dimensional sea, land and air transportation conditions. Beijing Shenyang Expressway and Beijing Harbin Railway meet here, and the exit of Beijing Shenyang Expressway is only 5 km away from the urban area.

Shanhaiguan is a world-famous tourist resort, with many places of interest and beautiful scenery. It is a national historical and cultural city. There are many historical and cultural relics in the territory, including mountains, seas, customs, cities, buildings, lakes, seas, caves and temples. As a world cultural heritage site, Shanhaiguan has won the titles of National Forest Park, National Geopark, hometown of Great Wall culture, hometown of mengjiangnu culture and hometown of Chinese calligraphy.

As of 2013, Shanhaiguan district has jurisdiction over three towns and four streets, and has a national Qinhuangdao Economic and Technological Development Zone with a total population of 140000, 363km away from Shenyang. In 2016, the GDP of Shanhaiguan District reached 4.54 billion yuan.

Historical evolution

In 1381 A.D., Xu Da was ordered to build Yongping and Jieling passes. He built a pass and set up a guard here. Because it was close to the mountain and the sea, it was named Shanhaiguan.

In 1737, the second year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty, Linyu county was established as the seat of the county.

In the early days of liberation, Shanhaiguan office was set up in Qinyu city (now Qinhuangdao City) and Shanhaiguan city in western Liaoning Province (now Liaoning Province).

In November 1952, it was transferred to Hebei Province.

In 1953, the city was removed and built into a district, belonging to Qinhuangdao city.

administrative division

As of 2018, Shanhaiguan district has four streets and three towns: Nanguan street, Gucheng street, Xiguan Street, Lunan street, first pass town, Shihe town and Mengjiang town.

geographical environment

geographical position

Shanhaiguan is 363km from Shenyang, the capital of Liaoning Province, 197km from Dalian, 287km from Beijing and 502km from Shijiazhuang. It borders Suizhong County of Liaoning Province in the northeast and northeast, Qinhuangdao City Center Harbor Area in the west, Bohai Sea in the South and Yanshan Mountain in the north.

terrain

The terrain of Shanhaiguan is ladder like, high in Northeast and low in southwest. In the north is the Yanshan Mountains, in the middle is the ancient city and Daonan new urban area, in the south is the coastal area, in the west is the mother river Dashi river of Shanhaiguan, and Chaohe River and the Great Wall run through Shanhaiguan from north to south. Shanhaiguan is an urban area with mountains, ancient cities and coastal resources. There are five higher mountains in the mountain area, with the highest altitude of 926 meters.

climate

The climate of Shanhaiguan district is warm temperate semi humid continental climate with an annual average water temperature of 12 ℃. The climate is warm temperate semi humid continental climate.

hydrology

There are 9 rivers in Shanhaiguan district and Yansai Lake in the area. The coastline starts from xishahekou in the West and ends at jinsikekou in the East, with a total length of 14 km, including 12 km of sand bank.

natural resources

water resource

The underground water system in Shanhaiguan district is rich in strontium, metasilicic acid, bicarbonate and natural mineral water.

Biological resources

Shanhaiguan district has a coastline of 14 kilometers long, and its specialty products are sea crabs, sea cucumbers, prawns and other sea treasures. The beach area in the sea area within 10m isobath is more than 2500 mu.

There are forest farms and orchards in Shanhaiguan area, covering an area of 8700 hectares. There are basswood, Pinus tabulaeformis, larch, poplar and other trees growing in Shanhaiguan area. It is rich in cherry, peach, apple, pear and other fruits. It can also provide nearly 100 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine.

mineral resources

The mineral resources in Shanhaiguan area are mainly non-metallic building materials with large reserves, such as coarse and medium sand, gravel, granite and yellow clay. Through preliminary exploration, the reserves of granite and marble are 5.7 billion cubic meters (in 2013).

Population nationality

In 2013, Shanhaiguan district has a population of 127000, which is divided into 17 ethnic groups, including Han, Manchu, Hui, Mongolian and so on.

Economics

overview

In 2013, the GDP reached 4.07 billion yuan, an increase of 5.3% over 2012. The total revenue was 734 million yuan. The investment in fixed assets is 5.015 billion yuan. The total retail sales of consumer goods reached 5.622 billion yuan, an increase of 13.3%. The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 20950 yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was 12475 yuan, an increase of 11.1% and 12.3% respectively.

primary industry

In 2013, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in Shanhaiguan district was 602.48 million yuan, an increase of 17.9% over 2012. Among them, the agricultural output value was 337.82 million yuan, an increase of 14.5% over 2012. The forestry output value was 9.34 million yuan, an increase of 16.3% over 2012. The output value of animal husbandry was 170.47 million yuan, an increase of 29.1% over 2012. Fishery output value was 83.67 million yuan, an increase of 11.5% over 2012. The output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery service industry was 1.18 million yuan, an increase of 9.3% over 2012. The proportion of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and their service industries was 56:8:36. In 2007, there were 231 pig farmers with more than 50 pigs, 34 more than in 2012. There were 76 poultry raising households, 14 more than in 2012. The effective irrigation area is 2520 hectares.

the secondary industry

In 2013, industrial enterprises (state-owned and non-state-owned industrial enterprises with annual sales revenue of more than 5 million yuan) in shancustoms District completed an industrial output value of 2068.1 million yuan, an increase of 26.7% over 2012. The industrial added value was 520.35 million yuan, an increase of 15.2% over 2012. The main business income of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size in Shanhaiguan district was 1731.99 million yuan, an increase of 34.7% over 2012. The production and marketing rate of industrial products in Shanhaiguan district is 97%.

In 2014, the total output value of industries above Designated Size in Shanshan Customs District reached 6.687 billion yuan, an increase of 12.3%, and 5 Enterprises above designated size were newly added. Lingang Economic Development Zone achieved an output value of 4 billion yuan and a tax of 60 million yuan.

the service sector; the tertiary industry

In 2013, the tourism industry of Shanshan customs district increased by 12.8% compared with 2012. The retail sales of wholesale and retail trade reached 1688.052 million yuan, an increase of 19% over 2012. The retail sales of the catering industry reached 410784 million yuan, an increase of 4.5% over 2012. The tax revenue was 92.28 million yuan, an increase of 23.1% over the previous year.

In 2014, Shan customs district received 4.6483 million tourists, and achieved tourism ticket revenue of 139 million yuan, up 21.5% and 12.1% compared with 2013. The total agricultural output value reached 1.06 billion yuan, an increase of 1.4% over 2013. 30 new agricultural varieties were introduced and 10 new technologies were popularized. There were 13 new farmers' professional cooperatives, with a coverage rate of 60%. The industrialized operation rate of agriculture was 72%.

traffic

Shanhaiguan sea, land and air three-dimensional traffic. Beijing Shenyang Expressway, 102 National Road and 205 National Road, Jingshan railway and Shenshan railway all meet here. The exit of Beijing Shenyang Expressway is 5 km away from the urban area, only 2 hours and 3 hours from Shanhaiguan to Beijing and Shenyang respectively. Shanhaiguan railway station is located in the middle section of Beijing Shenyang Railway and Beijing Shenyang high speed railway passenger dedicated line. Shanhaiguan civil aviation airport is located 3 kilometers southwest of the city. It can take off and land large and medium-sized airliners, leading to 15 cities such as Shanghai, Guangzhou, Harbin and Xi'an. There are four deep-water berths near Shanchuan Wharf in the urban area.

social undertakings

education

As of 2013, there are 9 general middle schools in Shanhaiguan District, with 6446 students. There are 22 primary schools with 7896 students. The enrollment rate of primary school-age children is 100%. There are 2 secondary vocational schools with 8666 students.

social security

In 2013, the per capita disposable income of urban residents in Shanhaiguan district was 9173 yuan, an increase of 12.8% over 2012. The per capita consumption expenditure was 7793.6 yuan, an increase of 18.1% over 2012. The annual per capita net income of farmers was 5415 yuan, an increase of 9.6% over the previous year. By the end of 2012, rural households had 100 color TV sets / 100 households, 74 household refrigerators / 100 households and 100 washing machines / 100 households. At the end of the year, the total per capita housing construction area of urban residents was 23.77 square meters, and the per capita housing use area of rural residents was 36.85 square meters.

In 2014, the financial expenditure for people's livelihood of Shanshan customs district was 440 million yuan, accounting for 72.5% of the public financial expenditure. 4014 new jobs were created in cities and towns, 1508 reemployments were arranged, 574 rural labor forces were transferred, and 10 rural welfare homes for the aged were built. 11 rural standardized clinics were built, and the participation rate of new rural cooperative medical system was 95.7%. 1457 new affordable housing units and 1078 new affordable housing units were completed.

Cultural health

By the end of 2007, Shanhaiguan district had 18 mass performing arts groups, 1 cultural center and 1 Public Library, with a total collection of 24000 books, 2 TV transmitting stations and 43634 cable radio and TV users. The comprehensive coverage rate of radio programs and TV programs was 100%.

In 2007, there were 11 kinds of health institutions in Shanhaiguan District, including 8 hospitals and health centers; there were 500 beds in all kinds of health institutions, including 500 beds in hospitals and health centers; there were 779 health technicians in Shanhaiguan District, including 7 in hospitals and health centers

Chinese PinYin : He Bei Sheng Qin Huang Dao Shi Shan Hai Guan Qu