Huishui County, Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province

Huishui county belongs to Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province. Located in the central and southern part of Guizhou Province, it is adjacent to Guiyang in the north and Changshun in the West. The county is 72 km wide from east to west and 68 km long from north to south, with 58% ethnic minorities.

Huishui has been established in Nanning since the Five Dynasties. In the Song Dynasty, it was established as "Bafan" Prefecture. In the Ming Dynasty, it was established as Chengfan Prefecture and Dingfan Prefecture. It has a history of more than 1000 years. The Buyi, Miao, Han, Maonan, Zhuang, Yi, Shui, Hui and other nationalities who have lived in this land for generations have developed Huishui into a famous land of rice and millet and a hometown of orange and fruit in Guizhou.

On April 24, 2019, Guizhou Provincial People's government officially approved Huishui county to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

Evolution of organizational system

During the Five Dynasties, Nanning was set up in WoLonggang, 7 kilometers south of the county;

The Song Dynasty was the place of "five surnames fan and seven surnames fan";

The Yuan Dynasty set up eight appeasement departments, known as "eight fan" in history;

In the Ming Dynasty, Chengfan Prefecture and Dingfan prefecture were established successively, with 16 administrative departments under their jurisdiction.

Dingfan county was established in 1914 and renamed Huishui County in 1941.

On November 24, 1949, the Chinese people's liberation army conquered Huishui County, and Huishui was liberated. Since then, Huishui history has opened a new page.

On October 4, 1952, Huishui Yi and Miao Autonomous Region was established and became the first Ethnic Minority Regional Autonomous County in Guizhou Province.

On June 27, 1954, it was renamed Huishui Buyi and Miao Autonomous Region. On May 11, 1955, it was renamed Huishui Buyi and Miao Autonomous County, and in December 1956, it was renamed Huishui county.

From November 1949 to October 1956, Huishui county was under the jurisdiction of Xiuwen, Guiyang, Anshun and Qiannan Prefecture. From November 1958 to September 1963, it belonged to Guiyang City, and in September 1963, it belonged to Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.

administrative division

As of August 2019, Huishui county has jurisdiction over 3 streets, 8 towns, 9 residents' committees and 201 villagers' committees.

3 streets: lianjiang street, Mengjiang street, Mingtian Street

Eight towns: Baijin Town, Yashui Town, Duanshan Town, Lushan Town, Wangyou Town, Gangdu Town, Xiantang Town, haohuahong town.

geographical environment

geographical position

Huishui county is located in the south of Guiyang City, on the southern slope of the central Guizhou Plateau. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south. The highest altitude is 1691m, the lowest is 666m, and the average altitude is 1100m. Huishui county belongs to Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province. It is located in the south of the Miaoling mountains. It spans 106 ° 22 ′～ 107 ° 06 ′ E and 25 ° 41 ′～ 26 ° 18 ′ n. Covering an area of 2470 square kilometers, it is adjacent to Pingtang in the East, Changshun in the west, Luodian in the south, Guiyang and Longli in the north.

topographic features

Huishui is a karst basin landform. Lianjiang River runs through the whole area. The alluvial plain of Lianjiang River covers an area of 90 square kilometers, with fertile land, crisscross fields, green fields and full of vitality. The county is located in the southern end of the Miaoling mountains, connecting the Central Plains of Guizhou in the north and the Qiannan gorge in the south. It is just the slope of the transition from the Miaoling mountains to the Hilly Basin of Guangxi, which is high in the north and low in the south. The highest point is longtangpo in the northeast, with an altitude of 1691m. The lowest point is Lianjiang River valley near dachangzhai in the south, with an altitude of 666m. The average altitude of the whole county is about 1100m

Among them: the area above 1400m is 90031 mu, accounting for 2.43% of the total area; the area between 1200m and 1400m is 1208711 mu, accounting for 32.62%; the area between 1000m and 1200m is 1754568 mu, accounting for 47.36%; the area below 1000m is 651690 mu, accounting for 17.59%.

climate

Huishui has a subtropical monsoon climate, with no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer. It is as pleasant as spring in all seasons.

natural resources

Soil resources

The county belongs to the yellow soil zone of the subtropical Central Guizhou Plateau. Due to the complex geological, geomorphic, biological and climatic conditions, there are many soil types. According to the soil classification system of Qiannan Prefecture issued in 1984, there are 5 soil types, 11 soil subclasses, 44 soil genera and 122 soil species. Soil types include loam, calcareous soil, purple soil, fluvo aquic soil and paddy soil.

Animal and plant resources

Wild plant

Timber trees: mainly masson pine, Huashan pine, cedar, silk oak, sweet gum, Cinnamomum camphora, Gleditsia sinensis, Wutong, catalpa, catalpa, Quercus, Quercus acutus, nanmu, Chongyang wood, Pu Shu, red silk, poplar, oak, catalpa, Taxus, geranium, Hua Xiang, Ju Shu, Schima superba, Toona sinensis, etc.

Starches and sugars: mainly include Cibotium odoratum, Pteris, Cibotium odoratum, Guanzhong, Dryopteris, Myrica rubra, Corylus, Castanea mollissima, Castanea mollissima, Quercus guizhouensis, etc.

Oil plants: Pinus armandii, Tsuga Tsuga, Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Sapium sebiferum, cypress, walnut, Huaxiang, Pterocarya stenoptera, Carpinus Carpinus, Corylus heterophylla, Castanea henryi, Castanea mollissima, Quercus glauca, Quercus acutissima, Magnolia, Ulmus pumila, hemp, etc.

Medicinal plants: there are abundant medicinal plants in the county. In 1970, Guizhou herbal medicine compiled by Guizhou Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine collected and introduced 1000 kinds of herbs commonly used by folk doctors in the province, and more than 700 kinds were produced in the county.

wild animal

Fish: carp, crucian carp, minnow, southern mackerel, mackerel, grass carp, Chinese crucian carp, large scale sparrow, etc. Andrias davidianus is a national second class protected animal.

Snakes: flat scale blunt headed snake, red chain snake, Wang Jin snake, gray belly green Jin snake, purple gray Jin mosquito black line subspecies, black eyebrow Jin snake.

Birds: heron, egret, kite, sparrow hawk, kestrel, grey breasted bamboo pheasant, red bellied horned pheasant, red bellied golden pheasant, white breasted bitter bird, mountain turtledove.

Mammals: two kinds of protected animals are macaques, forest musk deer and pangolins, and three kinds of protected animals are Sumen antelope, big civet and little civet.

Due to the destruction of the ecological environment and the frequent human activities, most of the wild animals in the territory have been reduced, among which tigers, leopards and wolves have disappeared. Only before 1973, there were records of tigers and leopards injuring people and capturing tigers and leopards, while wolves disappeared earlier than tigers and leopards.

mineral resources

The proven mineral resources in the territory include iron, manganese, antimony and other metal minerals, and arsenic, crystal stone, Iceland spar, marble, silica and other non-metal minerals. Coal is widely distributed, but due to less reserves and poor medium, no detailed investigation has been carried out. Limestone, which can be used as chemical raw material, is widely used in the whole county. Except for a small amount of limestone used in cement plant, lime burning for people and building foundation, it is hardly developed and utilized.

Population nationality

population

Huishui Buyi population is distributed in 1075 natural villages in 25 towns of the county. It is mainly distributed in Chang'an, Wangyou, Dayin, Yashui, Dama, Gangdu and other towns, covering an area of 1272 square kilometers, accounting for 51.6% of the total area. With a total area of 2470 square kilometers, Huishui County governs 8 towns and 17 townships, with a total population of 460000.

Huishui Miao nationality is the county with the largest population in Qiannan Prefecture. There are 25 townships in the county, and two townships with more than 10000 people are Yalong and Baijin. There are eight branches of Miao Nationality in Huishui, including Baijin branch, YaZhai branch, Gangdu branch, Dongshang branch, Daba branch, Baibang branch, Doudi branch and Changtian branch. Six branches are distributed in Baijin, Yalong and other areas to the east of Lianjiang River.

Huishui Maonan Nationality is one of the ethnic groups with a small population in China. It is mainly distributed in seven villages along the Lianjiang River in Heping and Gao towns of Huishui County, with a total population of 2200.

nation

Huishui county is composed of 24 ethnic groups, including Buyi, Miao, Maonan, Hui, Zhuang, Dong, man, Shui and Bai, with 262100 ethnic minorities, accounting for 60.7% of the total population. The main ethnic minorities are Buyi and Miao. The population of Buyi is about 160000, accounting for 37% of the total population of the county. The population of Miao is about 98000, accounting for 22.7% of the total population of the county. Maonan and other ethnic minorities have 4100 people, accounting for nearly 1% of the total population of the county.

Economic overview

Agriculture

Since 2003, Huishui county has taken the opportunity of implementing agricultural development projects, increased the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, promoted the process of agricultural industrialization, made the agricultural structure more reasonable, and formed the four leading industries of planting, animal husbandry, forest and fruit and labor export and the development pattern of multiple simultaneous development. We have built the planting bases of Jinqian orange, zaocai, high-quality rice, flue-cured tobacco, black glutinous rice, ginger, potato, medicinal materials, flowers and other agricultural products, which have greatly promoted the development of rural economy. The total output value of agriculture increased from 657 million yuan in 2002 to 1.09 billion yuan in 2006, with an average annual growth of 8.9%.

On January 2, 2020, Huishui county was selected into the list of the fourth batch of demonstration counties (cities and districts) that took the lead in basically realizing the whole process mechanization of main crop production.

Industry

Huishui county has formed a pattern of expanding and building a number of industries, and a multi sector industrial system with manufacturing, metallurgy, phosphorus chemical industry, food processing, building materials, pharmaceutical, electric power and other pillar industries or leading industries. Substantial steps have been taken in the adjustment of industrial structure. In 2006, the industrial production grew steadily. The total industrial output value of the county was 1.38 billion yuan, an increase of 15.09% over the previous year, of which the output value of scale industry was 1.25 billion yuan, an increase of 32.2%. The application of Changtian Industrial Park for Guizhou Huishui (Changtian) science and technology industrialization demonstration base and Huishui County Productivity Promotion Center is progressing smoothly.

Service industry

In 2006, the added value was 493 million yuan, an increase of 73.9% over 2002 and an average annual growth of 14.7%; the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 303 million yuan, an increase of 57.65% over 2002 and an average annual growth of 12.1%. With the rapid development of market construction, the agricultural wholesale market, haohuahong commercial street and other commercial facilities have been put into use, gradually forming a reasonable and standardized market system with orderly competition. Tourism, real estate

Chinese PinYin : Gui Zhou Sheng Qian Nan Bu Yi Zu Miao Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Hui Shui Xian