Pulan County, Ali Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region

Pulan county (English: Pulang county) belongs to Ali Prefecture, Tibet, China. It is located in the southwest of Tibet Autonomous Region, the south of Ali Region, the canyon on the south side of Himalayas and the junction of China, India and Nepal. It is located between 80 ° 27 ″ - 82 ° 30 ″ E and 30 ° 00 ″ - 31 ° 13 ″ n.

Pulan county has a total area of 12539 square kilometers. The total population was 10000 (2014). The county people's government is located in Jirang community, Pulan town. Pulan County governs one town and two townships: Pulan Town, baga Township and hol township. There are 10 administrative villages (communities). By the end of 2014, the county's GDP had reached 70.6 million yuan, with a growth rate of more than 18% for three consecutive years; its fiscal revenue was 2.4 million yuan, an increase of 22% over 2013.

On February 6, 2019, the people's Government of Tibet Autonomous Region decided to withdraw Pulan county from poverty-stricken county.

Historical evolution

There are many explanations for the name: one is "Bu Rang", which is recorded in Xiangxiong Literature: "bu" originally means "bu" and "Rang" means "horse"; the other is that "bu" means "Snow" in Xiangxiong language, and "Rang" means "mountain", which refers to the area surrounded by snow mountains. In Tibetan, it means "one hair makes one hair.".

Pulan, at the beginning of A.D., became one of the central districts of Xiangxiong Kingdom, and later became the birthplace of jidnimagon.

Before 1959, it was called pranzong.

In 1960, "pulanzong" was renamed "Pulan county", and China's Pulan County Committee and people's government were established. It has been under the jurisdiction of Ali Region up to now. The county government is in Pulan town.

administrative division

As of 2010, Pulan county has one town and two townships: Pulan Town, baga Township and Huoer township. There are 1 community and 9 administrative villages. The county people's government is located in Jirang community, Pulan town.

Pulan town governs 1 community and 5 villages: Jirang community, Duoyou village, rengong village, Xide village, Kejia village and chide village.

Baga Township governs two villages: Gangsha village and xiongba village.

Hall Township governs two villages: Gongzhu village and Bangren village.

geographical environment

Location context

Pulan county is located in the southwest of Tibet Autonomous Region, the south of Ali Region, the canyon area on the south side of the Himalayas, between the Gangdise mountains and the West Himalayas, and at the junction of China, India and Nepal. It is located between 80 ° 27 ″ - 82 ° 30 ″ E and 30 ° 00 ″ - 31 ° 13 ″ n, and is one of the border counties in Tibet Autonomous Region. Pulan County covers an area of 12539 square kilometers and 11000 mu of cultivated land.

topographic features

Pulan county is 3900 meters above sea level. Located in the Majia Zangbu River Basin, it has mountain shrub grassland landscape. Pulan county has a special terrain. The Kongque River (majiazangbu) valley between namuabi peak and Nani snow peak is the "place surrounded by snow mountains" in Ali area. Pulan county is located in the valley of Kongque River (majiazangbu) between namunani snow peak and ABI peak, adjacent to Nepal and India.

climate

Pulan county belongs to the plateau sub frigid arid climate zone. The sunshine is sufficient, the daily temperature difference is large, the annual temperature difference is relatively large, the temperature is low, and the precipitation is less. The annual average temperature is 3 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 26.5 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 27.5 ℃, the annual sunshine hours is about 3153.2 hours, the annual frost period is 213 days, the annual precipitation is 172.8 mm, 40% of which is concentrated in August.

geology

In Pulan County, alpine meadow, mountain meadow and mountain grassland are the main areas, while shrub, swamp and desert grassland are few. The soil is mainly alpine meadow soil, mountain meadow soil and chernozem, with high contents of organic matter, nitrogen and potassium.

hydrology

Majia Zangbu River, located in the northwest of the county, means "Peacock River" in Tibetan. Chinese characters have been translated into majialuobu, Machu River and Kongque River. It originates from the southwest of the territory, flows out of the southeast border into Nepal, and is renamed hunakana River, flows into Ganges River, and finally flows into the Indian Ocean. It has a total length of 110 kilometers in China and a drainage area of 3020 square kilometers.

Population nationality

According to the data of the fifth census in 2000, the total population of the county is 7919, including 5026 in Pulan Town, 1208 in baga Township and 1685 in hor township. By 2014, the total population was 10000. The main ethnic group is Tibetan.

natural resources

water resource

Mapanyongcuo means "invincible, victory" in Tibetan, which is called "Shenhu". It is located between Gangrenboqi peak, the main peak of the Gangdise mountains, and namunani peak of the Himalayas, in Pulan County, Tibet Autonomous Region. The average water depth is 46 meters, the maximum water depth is 81.8 meters, and the area is 412 square kilometers. The lake is clear and transparent, with a transparency of 14 meters. The salinity of the lake is 400 mg / L. it is a freshwater lake and contains trace elements such as boron, lithium and fluorine. It is mainly supplied by melt water and rain water, but also by some springs. The lake has a straight coastline with a perimeter of 83 km and a coastline development coefficient of 1.15.

Biological resources

There are many medicinal and edible plants in Pulan county. There are alpine willows, Caragana and other plants. There are many kinds of wild animals in Pulan. There are more than 20 species of wild animals in Pulan, including wild yellow goat, wild yak, wild donkey, yellow goat, antelope, rock sheep, argali, wolf, lynx, mountain leopard, marmot, black necked Crane, snow chicken, yellow duck, wild pigeon, wild donkey, wild ox, rock sheep, snow leopard and golden eagle. There are about 10000. The concentrated activity areas are gongzhucuo, Huoer and baga.

mineral resources

Mineral resources are widely distributed in Pulan county. The proven reserves of coal, copper and rare metals are large. There are coal mines in the West. Limestone, silicalite, lead, zinc and manganese in the area are also valuable for development.

Economics

overview

By the end of 2014, the county's GDP had reached 70.6 million yuan, with a growth rate of more than 18% for three consecutive years; its fiscal revenue was 2.4 million yuan, an increase of 22% compared with 2013, and it was out of the dilemma of hovering around 1 million yuan for many years; the per capita income of farmers and herdsmen reached 2327.5 yuan, an increase of 10% compared with 2013.

primary industry

Pulan county is a semi agricultural and semi pastoral county. It is a large animal husbandry county mainly based on animal husbandry and combined with agriculture and animal husbandry. It is also a large grain and oil production county in Ali Region. The grain and oil production of the whole county accounts for more than 60% of the total production of the whole region and more than 1 / 3 of the total grain production of Ali. The cultivated land area of the county is 10238 mu, and the usable grassland area is 9.45 million mu. The main crops are highland barley, spring wheat, rape, pea, potato, radish and so on. It mainly raises yak, yak, sheep, goat, yellow cattle, horse, donkey, mule and so on. Special products are butter, cattle and sheep skin, wool, marpangyong naked split belly Jiri fish, long naked carp.

the secondary industry

Pulan county mainly produces farm tools and daily necessities. In 2014, Malan yongcuo cooperative was established by using the project fund of 500000 yuan supported by the superior of Pulan county and 250000 yuan raised by itself. The operation projects involved hotels, special Tibetan food, flour processing and fresh meat shops. Since it was officially put into operation in August 2014, it has participated in 45 households, 196 people and 6 joint insurance units.

Sociology

Infrastructure

The renovation of Gesang Road, farmers' market, square, passenger station, disease control center, elderly activity center, and Anju garden in Pulan county have been completed one after another; municipal projects such as urban water supply, power supply, street hardening, and public toilet construction have also made progress, and the county construction framework has basically taken shape.

medical care

Since 2009, the health service in Pulan county has been developing healthily, the rural cooperative medical system has been further improved, and the participation rate has reached 100%. We have established and improved prevention and reporting mechanisms for endemic and infectious diseases.

education

In 2004, the loan was used for education fund of 3.5 million yuan, and the main works of Pulan middle school, primary school teachers, student accommodation building and teaching building were completed. The enrollment rate of school-age children in primary schools is 95.2%, the consolidation rate is 97%, and the qualification rate of primary school graduates is 100%. The illiteracy of young and middle-aged people has been basically eliminated and passed the literacy acceptance.

traffic

Pulan is adjacent to Nepal and India. It is an important economic, cultural and Religious Exchange town between Ali and Nepal and India since ancient times. It is also a foreign trade channel. It is also one of the border counties of China's 12 three countries and a border trade and land transport port of China. It is also one of the two border ports in the Tibet Autonomous Region, and is a national second-class port. Close to India and Nepal, there are 21 border crossings. National Highway 219 runs through the East and West, connecting Shigatse City. There are many county roads and township roads with convenient transportation. Pulan county is about 10 kilometers away from the border between China and Nepal in the South and 398 kilometers away from Shiquanhe town in the north.

Xierwa border port: it has been 55 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Nepal. The port is about 25 kilometers away from Pulan county. There are 10 Sino Nepalese border posts and one border post. Opposite is Yusha in Nepal. Yusha is a transit station for Indian Folk pilgrims and Three Kingdoms teams to make pilgrimage to holy mountain and holy lake. Nigerian helicopters often pick up tourists here.

Travel

landscape

Kang renboqi

Gangrenboqi peak is the main peak of the Gangdise mountains in China. It is one of the most beautiful and shocking ten famous mountains in China. The peak is 6721 meters above sea level, the second highest peak of the Gangdise mountains. It is located in the north of Pulan County in the southwest of Tibet Autonomous Region. Tibetan means the mountain of gods. The southern side of the fault falls into the Xiangquan Valley and the mabianyongcuo and laancuo lake basins. At an altitude of more than 6000 meters, there are 28 modern glaciers, mainly ice cap glaciers and suspended glaciers. There are more glaciers in the south slope than in the north slope.

Lake Manasarovar

It's mappenyongcuo, 15 kilometers south of hall. Mapang yongcuo lake is 4587 meters above sea level, 77 meters deep and has a water area of more than 400 square kilometers. It is the highest freshwater lake in the world. In Buddhist classics, only one lake is called "the world"

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