Huma County, Daxinganling area, Heilongjiang Province

Huma County, a county under the jurisdiction of Daxing'anling region in Heilongjiang Province, is located in Huma town. It is located at the east foot of Daxing'an Mountains and the southwest Bank of the upper reaches of Heilongjiang. The geographical coordinates are between 50 ° 49 ′ 20 ″ n to 52 ° 53 ′ 59 ″ E and 125 ° 03 ′ 20 ″ e to 127 ° 01 ′ 30 ″. The West and North are adjacent to Xinlin district and Tahe County, the south is adjacent to Aihui district and Nenjiang County of Heihe City, and the East is across the river from schmanovsk City, svobodne city and magdagaqi District of Russia. The border with Russia is 371 km long, accounting for nearly half of the total length of the border with Russia in the greater Khingan mountains region. It is also the longest County in Heilongjiang Province. Huma County governs 6 townships and 2 towns, with a total area of 14335 square kilometers and a total population of 53000 (2012). The county government is located in Huma Town, which is a national first-class port approved by the State Council in May 1993.

In 2018, the local GDP of huma County reached 1.15 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 1%. Huma county is the only agricultural county in Daxing'anling. Famous specialties are fungus, mushroom, monkey head and blueberry.

Evolution of organizational system

Huma county is named after Huma River. "Huma", also known as "humar" and "Kumar", is the Daur language, which means "torrent without sunshine in high mountains and valleys".

Han and Jin belong to Xianbei.

Tang Dynasty belongs to Shiwei Dudu mansion.

Liao belongs to the Department of daoshiwei, Tokyo.

Metal Shangjing Puyu road.

Yuan belongs to Kaiyuan Road of Liaoyang province.

Ming belongs to Nur gandu.

In the early Qing Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of general ningguta. In 1682, the Qing government sent 1 500 soldiers to Jianmu city of humar as an outpost to resist the invasion of tsarist Russia. In 1683, the city of humarmu was built near the mouth of humar River in the upper reaches of Heilongjiang Province, which was under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang general and the vice capital of Heilongjiang Province. In 1727, Heilongjiang general set up humar Kalun in humar city. On the 9th of July in the 34th year of Guangxu (August 5, 1908), in order to expel tsarist Russia from plundering gold across the border, the Qing government approved the establishment of the Zhili Hall of huma and stationed it in silgenkalun. Later, due to the limited conditions, it was postponed. In the first year of Xuantong (1909), the chief card officer of humar river was set up at the mouth of humar River to control humar River, yixiken, woximen, Angan, chahayan and wanghadakalun. It belongs to the bingbei road of Huihui.

In the first year of the Republic of China (July 1, 1912), huma hall and Administration Bureau were set up and stationed at the mouth of humar River (also known as "jinshankou", now Jinshan Village, Jinshan Township).

In the third year of the Republic of China (January 11, 1914), the administrative bureau of huma hall was changed to huma County, which was a second-class county. On July 11 of the same year, sun Shengwu, the county magistrate of huma County, opened the "seal of huma county", which is subordinate to Heihe River. With the approval in October, the Department of huma County moved to guzhan (now huma town).

In the fourth year of the Republic of China (January 1915), wuximen Kalun was changed to huma county and was stationed in wuximen county.

In the fifth year of the Republic of China (April 1916), huma county official moved to the ancient station.

In the 18th year of the Republic of China (February 1, 1929), zuosheng of woximen county was changed to Oupu county to set up a governing Bureau, which was immediately changed to Oupu county. Huma county was directly under the central government of Heilongjiang Province, and was upgraded to a first-class County in April of the same year.

In 1930, after the fall of Northeast China, Heilongjiang Province was directly under the central government,

In 1934, Japan invaded and occupied huma county. In December, it was under the jurisdiction of Heihe province.

In 1945, after the victory of the Anti Japanese War, it was under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province.

In August 1945, huma was liberated.

On August 13, 1946, the people's Government of huma county was established.

In March 1947, Oupu county and Mohe County were abolished and merged into huma county. Huma county is under the jurisdiction of Heihe district.

In August 1964, the Western forest region was put under the jurisdiction of the Daxinganling special zone.

In April 1970, huma county was put under the jurisdiction of Daxinganling region.

In May 1981, Mohe, Xing'an, kaikukang, yixiken commune and Shibazhan commune along the Yangtze River were put under the jurisdiction of Mohe County and Tahe county respectively. In November, huma county was divided into three counties: Mohe County and Tahe county.

In 1992, huma county had jurisdiction over 11 townships. The county government is located in Huma town.

administrative division

As of June 2020, huma county has jurisdiction over 8 township level administrative regions, including 2 towns and 6 townships (including 1 ethnic township), including huma Town, Hanjiayuan Town, Oupu Township, baiyina Oroqen Ethnic Township, Xinghua Township, Jinshan Township, Beijiang Township and Sanka township. The people's Government of huma county is located in Yingbin street, huma town.

Population nationality

In 2012, the total population was 53000, including more than 10 ethnic minorities, including Manchu, Hui, Korean, Daur, Xibe, Mongolian, Russian, Ewenki, Oroqen and Kazak.

geographical environment

Location context

Huma county is located in the north of Heilongjiang Province, on the east foot of Daxing'an Mountains. It is 50 ° 49 ′ 20 ″ to 52 ° 53 ′ 59 ″ north latitude and 125 ° 03 ′ 20 ″ to 127 ° 01 ′ 30 ″ east longitude. It is surrounded by Heilongjiang Province in the East and North. The main channel of Heilongjiang Province is the national boundary line. It is connected with Tahe County in the north, Xinlin district and Songling District in the west, Heihe City and Nenjiang County in the south. It is 230 kilometers long from north to South and 135 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 14335 square kilometers.

climate

Huma county has a continental monsoon climate of cold temperate zone. Winter is cold and long. The extreme lowest temperature is - 50.2 ℃. Summer is hot, rainy and short. The annual rainfall is between 300 mm and 500 mm. The extreme highest temperature is 38 ℃ and the annual average temperature is - 2 ℃. The snow cover period is more than 150 days, the frost free period is 80-110 days, and the icing period is about 7 months per year. The annual average sunshine hours are 2529 hours. The annual active accumulated temperature ≥ 10 ℃ was 1998.0 ℃.

In spring, the sunshine time is long, the precipitation is less, the temperature is low, and the windy days are more; in summer, the sunshine time is long, the precipitation is more, the temperature is high, and the rainy days are more; in autumn, the sunshine time is short, the precipitation is more, and the temperature is gradually low; in winter, the sunshine time is short, the precipitation is less, the temperature is low, and the sunny days are more.

landforms

Huma county is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with low mountains and hills in the northwest and hilly plain in the southeast. The landform elevation is 143-788m and the average sea level is 350m (the elevation of the Yellow Sea). It is a mountainous area with deep mountains accounting for 83.8% of the total area of the county, hills accounting for 5.4% of the total area of the county, plains accounting for 9.9% of the total area of the county, rivers and lakes accounting for 0.9% of the total area of the county.

hydrology

There are 127 named rivers and 56 unnamed rivers in Huma County, both of which belong to Heilongjiang and Nenjiang river systems. Huma River flows eastward into Heilongjiang, with a flow of 209 km, which is the longest river in the county. There are 331 in POZE. The water content of the river is less, and the transparency is about 29-33.

soil

The soil in Huma county belongs to 4 types and 13 subtypes of mountain brown soil, black soil, meadow soil and meadow swamp soil in Eastern Daxinganling. The content of organic matter is high, but the soil temperature is low and the decomposition of organic matter is slow.

natural resources

mineral resources

Huma county is rich in mineral resources. It is rich in gold and has been known as "black water rimming and gold paving" since ancient times. Gold deposits are distributed all over the county. Jinsha has high grade and large reserves. The proven gold reserves account for 45.9% of the whole province. It is a key gold producing area in China.

As of 2012, the mineral resources of huma County include gold, coal, iron, phosphorus, molybdenum, graphite, mica, limestone, quartz sand, granite, bentonite, etc. Huma is known as "gold paving" and "gold rimming". The proven gold reserves rank the first in Heilongjiang Province. The proven coal reserves reach 100 million tons, which are shallow and easy to mine. Lignite is shallow buried and easy to be mined, with reserves of more than 170 million tons. Oupu coal mine and houziquan coal mine have been completed and put into operation. The proven reserves of iron and vanadium titanomagnetite are 6.27 million cubic meters, and the quartz sand ore body with reserves of 40 million tons is rare in China.

Animal resources

The rare wild animals in Huma County include deer, mongrel, raccoon dog, black bear, roe deer, lynx, weasel, sable, otter, muskrat, flying dragon bird, hazelnut, tree bird, pheasant, etc. The river is rich in the well-known fish, such as Pang, sturgeon, salmon, and "three flowers, five Luo and eighteen scales" represented by Aoyu, zhelu, and Xilin.

plant resources

There are many kinds of vegetation in Huma County, including 374 species of wild herbaceous and woody plants belonging to 215 genera of 62 families, with building materials, household materials, soil and water conservation and other plants. Larix gmelinii is the main tree species, followed by Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Betula platyphylla and Betula nigra. There are a considerable number of shrubbery -- dushidian and marsh willow, as well as a small number of poplar, elm, Fraxinus mandshurica, Phellodendron amurense, hazelnut, Lespedeza dahurica and Rhododendron. Among the herbaceous plants, the main group building plants are Cinnamomum camphora var. microphylla, Podocarpus quinquefasciatus, Carex, Sanguisorba officinalis, Cinnamomum camphora var. macrophylla, Miscanthus formosana, etc. The natural grassland is dominated by forest edge grassland, which is dendritic along the river valley. It can be divided into three types: herbaceous swamp, swamp meadow and shrub.

In Huma County, there are edible mountain products such as Tricholoma, Hericium erinaceus, Auricularia auricula, Pteridium aquilinum and daylily, wild berries such as persimmon (scientific name blueberry), thick plum, black Kalun and Rosa davurica, as well as wild herbs such as Beiqi, Schisandra, Zhangshen, dangshen, bupleurum, Platycodon grandiflorum and Fangfeng.

water resource

The total amount of water resources in Huma county is 7.3 billion cubic meters, including 700 million cubic meters of underground water, mostly shallow fissure water. Total area of rivers and lakes

Chinese PinYin : Hei Long Jiang Sheng Da Xing An Ling Di Qu Hu Ma Xian