Tieli City, Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province

Tieli Tieli city is the only county-level city in Yichun city. The government is located in Tieli town. It got its name from tielifu and tielibu in ancient times. Located at 127 ° 38 ′ 20 ″ - 129 ° 24 ′ 10 ″ E and 46 ° 28 ′ 40 ″ - 47 ° 27 ′ 30 ″ n, it is located at the south foot of Xiaoxing'an Mountain in Heilongjiang Province, China, with a span of 140 km from east to west and 110 km from north to South. It covers an area of about 4000 square kilometers and has a total population of 300000 (in 2019).

In September 1988, with the approval of the State Council, the county was withdrawn to build Tieli city. In 2011, it won the title of "tourism city with the most investment value in China"; in 2012, it was rated as "national leisure agriculture and rural tourism demonstration county" in China. Famous scenic spots include riyuexia National Forest Park, toulongshan scenic spot and riyuexia ski resort.

In July 2019, it won the title of "China's natural oxygen bar" establishment area in 2019. In 2019, it was listed as the second batch of national agricultural product quality and safety counties.

Evolution of organizational system

In the pre Qin period, the Sui people lived in Tieli.

In the Han Dynasty, a slavery regime, Fuyu Kingdom, was established in Heilongjiang Province.

In the 13th year of Yuanjia in the Southern Song Dynasty (436), Fuyu was in civil strife, and doumolou regime was established in Fuyu in the north, which belonged to Tieli. At the end of the fifth century, Buji destroyed Fuyu and belonged to the kingdom of Buji. During the Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties, bujipei developed into seven tribes, and tielijing belonged to the heishuipei tribe.

In the first year of Changshou (692) of Tang Dynasty, Wu Zetian sent troops to drive the Heishui River to Sanjiang Plain and Wusuli River Valley in the east of zhangguangcai. The original place of Heishui kaibu was incorporated into the territory of the Tang Dynasty, and was located in the governor's office of huhanzhou, which belonged to tielidi. In 713, the Bohai kingdom was established. In the 25th year of Kaiyuan (737), Bohai State had three capitals, 15 prefectures and 62 prefectures. Tieli Prefecture belongs to Tieli Prefecture.

In 1049, the first year of Huangyou in the Northern Song Dynasty, the Liao Dynasty set up seven royal houses in Heilongjiang (including the coastal area of the Soviet Union), of which Tieli royal house is in the north of today's Tieli county.

During the Jin Dynasty, Tieli area belonged to the area of Huining Fu and Du pan Grottoes on Shangjing Road (also known as hulawen area, that is, the plain of Hulan River Basin), which was wide and plump.

In the first year of Qiandao (1165) of the Southern Song Dynasty, Jin Shizong, out of military considerations, had three meng'an and 24 mou'ke households who moved frequently and changed roads in Huli to garrison the frontier for emergency.

In the Yuan Dynasty, tielidi belonged to Liaoyang xingzhongshu, which saved water and dada road.

In Ming Dynasty, Tieli area belonged to nurgan Dusi a-zhe-mi-he Wei and nasiji-he Wei.

In 1683, Heilongjiang general was set up. In the 37th year of Kangxi (1698), the deputy governor of Qiqihar was set up. In the first year of tongzhi (1862), Hulan hall was set up in the northeast of Hulan city to govern Bayan Susu. Tielidi belongs to it. In 1885, Suihua hall was set up in the north of Hulan hall to govern the northern regiment. In 1905, Suihua hall was promoted to the government, and suilan sea soldiers were set up to prepare for the road.

On May 14, 1915, with the approval of the president, the area east of Anbang River in Yuqing county was assigned to tieshanbao and renamed Tieli. Tieli was set up as a governing Bureau under suilan road.

In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (may 1933), the Japanese Kwantung Army occupied Tieli and established the puppet Tieli County Office, which was subordinate to the puppet Heilongjiang Province. In 1934, Tieli county was put under the jurisdiction of Binjiang province. In 1939, Tieli county was transferred from Binjiang province to Bei'an province. On July 1, 1943, Tieli county and Qingcheng county were merged and renamed Qing'an County. The former Tieli city was renamed Tieli street, and Qing'an County was still under the jurisdiction of Bei'an province.

In 1945, Tieli set up a local security committee after the restoration of Northeast China. In the 36th year (January 1946), Tieli was set up as a special district. On February 5th, Tieli County Office was set up, which was under the jurisdiction of Tieli, Tiansheng and Shenshu, all of which were subordinate to Qing'an County of Heilongjiang Province. On June 27th, Qingtie county was divided into counties, and Tieli county was subordinate to Beian city of Heilongjiang Province. In February 1947, Heilongjiang Province and Nenjiang province merged into heinen Province, Tieli county was under the jurisdiction of heinen province's first special office (Bei'an special office); in May, it was under the jurisdiction of heinen province's third special office (Longnan special office); in June, the Northeast was changed into a nine province system, the original system of Heilongjiang Province was restored, and Tieli county was still under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province. ˙

In 1948, the whole northeast was liberated.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1956, Suihua special office was set up to administer Tieli county. On November 19, the State Council decided to change Tieli County into Tieli county.

In July 1958, Suihua special office was withdrawn and Songhuajiang special office was set up. Tieli county belongs to Songhuajiang special office. On September 15, this county and Qing'an County merged for the second time, which is called Qing'an County.

October 20, 1962, Qingtie County, Tieli County under the Heilongjiang Province Songhuajiang special office.

In 1965, Tieli county was changed to Suihua special office.

On April 1, 1970, Yichun city was changed into Yichun District, and Tieli county was changed from Suihua district to Yichun district.

On December 14, 1979, Yichun district was withdrawn and Yichun City under the provincial jurisdiction was restored. Tieli was a county under the jurisdiction of Yichun city.

In September 1988, with the approval of the State Council, Tieli city was still Yichun city.

In May 2019, Heilongjiang Provincial Department issued the reply of Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Civil Affairs on the establishment of riyuexia town in Tieli City, Yichun City (HMH [2019] No. 44), and approved the establishment of riyuexia town in Tieli city with the approval of the provincial government. In July, yuelang township was assigned to the newly established Daqingshan county.

Jurisdiction details

As of June 2020, Tieli city has jurisdiction over four towns, three townships (including one ethnic township) and three forestry bureaus. The people's Government of Tieli city is located in Tieli town.

geographical environment

Location context

Tieli city is located in the south of Xiaoxing'an Mountain in Heilongjiang Province. Geographical coordinates: 127 ° 38 ′ 20 ″ - 129 ° 24 ′ 10 ″ e, 46 ° 28 ′ 40 ″ - 47 ° 27 ′ 30 ″ n. It spans 140 kilometers from east to west and 110 kilometers from north to south. It covers an area of about 4000 square kilometers.

landforms

The terrain of Tieli city is generally "eight mountains, one water and one farmland", which is mainly composed of mountains, plains, hills and water surface. The terrain is high in the East and low in the west, with an average altitude of 500 meters. There are 13 peaks more than 1000 meters in the territory. The highest peak is Pingdingshan, with an altitude of 1429 meters, which is the main peak of Xiaoxing'an Mountains. The lowest is Hulan Valley, with an altitude of 190 meters. Mountains and woodlands account for about 70% of the city's area; hills and hills account for about 13%; plains and grasslands account for about 11%; water and other areas account for about 6%. It belongs to continental monsoon climate of cold temperate zone.

climate

Tieli city has southeast wind in the whole year, cold and dry in winter, mild and rainy in summer. January is the coldest with an average temperature of - 23.1 ℃ and an extreme minimum temperature of - 42.6 ℃; July is the hottest with an average temperature of 21.4 ℃ and an extreme maximum temperature of 36.3 ℃. The annual average temperature is 1.4 ℃ and the annual average effective accumulated temperature is 2249 ℃. The annual average precipitation is 630mm, and the rainfall is concentrated from June to August. The annual light hours are 2420 hours and the frost free period is 128 days.

hydrology

There are more than 30 rivers and 203 marshes in Tieli, which belong to the Songhua River system with an annual runoff of 2.246 billion cubic meters. There are Hulan River, xinancha River (Langxiang is called xinancha river below, Xiaobai River above) and balan river

Hulan River is the longest river in the territory. It originates from the West foot of Taiping mountain, with a flow length of 80 kilometers. Its main tributaries are yijimi River, Anbang River and xiaohulan River, with a drainage area of 3878 square kilometers, accounting for 59% of the city's area;

Xinancha river originates from the eastern foot of the small city wall Lazi, flows from west to East into Tangwang River and into Songhua River. Its main tributaries are shafangzi River, dongbeigou River, Dali River, banyuan River, Langxiang River, etc. its length is 6 km (main stream), and its drainage area is 1675 square kilometers, accounting for 25% of the city's area;

Balan river originates from the east foot of 1093 highland and the north foot of makoudingzi, and flows southward into Songhua River, with a flow length of 58 kilometers and a drainage area of 1066 square kilometers, accounting for 16% of the city's area.

natural resources

plant resources

Tieli has a forest area of 500000 hectares, with a forest coverage rate of 75%. The main tree species are Korean pine, Larix gmelinii, fir, spruce, Scotch pine, Fraxinus mandshurica, yellow pineapple, birch, elm, poplar, Tilia amurensis, oak and so on. Edible mountain products are rich in resources, including wild fungi such as Auricularia auricula, Hericium erinaceus, yuan mushroom, hazelnut mushroom, Huangyu mushroom, grass mushroom; wild vegetables such as monkey legs, ferns, cucumber fragrance, thorn buds, daylily, old mulberry celery; wild fruits such as pine nuts, hazelnut, hickory, mountain grapes, pears, shandingzi, Shandu persimmon, kiwifruit, strawberry, etc.

There are nearly 200 kinds of plant medicinal materials, more than 20 kinds of animal medicinal materials and fungi medicinal materials in Tieli, with a total volume of about 500000 tons. More than 80 kinds of medicinal materials have been developed and utilized in the national pharmacopoeia, including ginseng, Pingbei, acanthopanax senticosus, Schisandra chinensis, Chuanshanlong, dangshen, manshanhong, Huangbai, baomazi, Ronglu, linfrog, Coriolus versicolor, Polyporus umbellatus, etc.

Animal resources

There are more than 260 kinds of wild animals in Tieli, including black bear, red deer, deer, badger, wild boar, roe deer, Songhua snake and other rare wild animals; flying dragon, hazelnut, quail, pheasant, shabanjin and other rare mountain birds; lynx, sable, otter, Fox and other fur animals.

water resource

The annual average surface water resources of Tieli city is 2.111 billion cubic meters. The groundwater storage capacity is about