Tumen City, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province

Tumen Tumen City is located in the east of Jilin Province, at the east foot of Changbai Mountains and the lower reaches of Tumen River. It is across the river from Wencheng County, North Road of Xianjing, Korea. It is adjacent to Hunchun city in the East, Yanji City in the west, Longjing City in the South and Wangqing County in the north.

As of 2007, Tumen has jurisdiction over three streets and four towns, with a total area of 1142.65 square kilometers. By the end of 2011, the total population of Tumen City was 126606. It is a multi-ethnic city dominated by Korean people.

Tumen's highway, railway and shipping lines are all located in the "Golden Triangle" of Northeast Asia, which is an international transportation hub connecting the hinterland of Northeast China, North Korea and the Far East of Russia. On December 29, 2018, it was named the Sixth Batch of national demonstration areas (units) for national unity and progress by the National People's commission.

Historical evolution

Ten thousand years ago, there were human activities in the Tumen River Basin.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Tumen was located in Canghai and xuantu counties. During the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, it was the northern Woju area, and then the Gaogouli area, which was under the jurisdiction of Gaogouli.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Sushen (yilou). In the northern and Southern Dynasties, it was under the jurisdiction of Pei, and it belonged to mount bujibai.

In the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was followed by Wuji. In the Sui and early Tang Dynasties, it was attached to the Koguryo mountains. Tang and Five Dynasties period, is the Bohai State Xiande house.

Liao Dynasty was the territory of nuzhenbu in Daoxing Xianlu, Tokyo.

In the early Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Suping road of Shangjing Road, later to helanlu Road, and in the later period, it belonged to Nanjing of Dongxia state. Yuan Dynasty belongs to Kaiyuan Road, Nanjing wanhufu.

In the Ming Dynasty, it was subordinate to nurgandu and bukhatu.

In April 1644, the Qing government listed the areas to the south of Xingjing and Yitong and to the north of Tumen River as forbidden mountain paddocks. Since the lifting of the ban in the Qing Dynasty, Tumen City has also been banned. From the beginning of Qing Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty, Tumen City became a desolate area with few people.

In 1913, when Yanji county was founded, Tumen was designated as Wujia Yilan Valley, Zhiren Township, Yanji county. It was called AI Hao Dian Zi or Hui Mu Dong at that time. It was a natural village. By 1925, there were more than 20 households with the immigration of the reclamation people in the Dynasty and the Han Dynasty. In 1931, Tumen was a village of more than 100 households, and it was still under the jurisdiction of Yanji county.

On June 1, 1933, huimu cave was renamed Tumen. In 1934, it was renamed Tumen City, Yanji County, puppet Jiandao province. In 1936, Tumen City was renamed Tumen street, and the city office was renamed Street office. On August 17, 1945, Tumen was liberated. On August 20, KMT elements and the remnants of the enemy and puppet forces set up the Tumen provisional local self government committee. In October of the same year, Tumen provisional self government committee was renamed Tumen Street office. In November, Tumen Street office was renamed Tumen Street Committee.

In February 1946, with the assistance of the Democratic Alliance, Tumen District Committee of the Communist Party of China reorganized Tumen Street Committee and renamed Tumen municipal government. In March 1946, Tumen municipal government was formally established. In September 1949, it was renamed Tumen Municipal People's Government of Yanji county. On September 3, 1952, the people's Government of suiyanji county was under the jurisdiction of the people's Government of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Region, and later under the jurisdiction of the people's Government of Yanbian Autonomous Prefecture. In March 1956, the people's Government of Yanji County abolished the organizational system of Tumen City and established Tumen town and Nong'an township. In April of the same year, Tumen Town People's government was renamed Tumen Town People's Committee.

In April 1965, with the approval of the people's Committee of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Tumen town and Shixian town were separated from Yanji county (now Longjing City) and Wangqing County respectively, and Tumen City was established as a county-level municipality directly under the central government of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture.

On May 1, 1965, with the approval of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, Tumen City was designated.

On July 16, 1968, Tumen Revolutionary Committee was established to replace Tumen people's Committee.

In July 1969, with the approval of Jilin provincial Revolutionary Committee, Yueqing commune in Yanji county and Xinnong commune in Wangqing County were assigned to Tumen City.

On July 23, 1980, Tumen Revolutionary Committee was changed into Tumen people's government.

In August 1983, the people's commune system was abolished, the township system was restored, and the Township People's government was established.

On November 15, 1984, with the approval of the provincial government, the former Xinnong Township and Shixian sub district office were merged into Shixian town.

In July 1988, Chang'an town of Yanji county was put under the jurisdiction of Tumen City.

In July 1990, Liangshui town of Hunchun city was included in Tumen City.

In 1994, Yueqing Township People's government was renamed Yueqing Town People's government.

In October 2003, with the approval of the provincial government, Hongguang township was merged into Yueqing town.

administrative division

As of 2007, there are 3 streets, 4 towns and 49 Administrative Villages in the area. It includes 27 communities and an industrial development zone. Tumen Municipal People's government is located at 30 friendship street.

geographical environment

Location context

Tumen City is located in the east of Jilin Province, the lower reaches of Tumen River, between 42 ° 47 ′ - 43 ° 13 ′ N and 129 ° 32 ′ - 130 ° 12 ′ E. It is about 57 kilometers long from east to west and 37 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 1142.65 square kilometers. It borders Hunchun city in the East, the Democratic Republic of Korea across the Tumen River in the southeast, Longjing City in the southwest, Yanji City in the West and Wangqing County in the north.

topographic features

Tumen City is located in Changbai Mountain Low Mountain hilly area, Nangang mountain north-south direction throughout the territory. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. Tumen City is located in the Intermountain basin formed by the impact of Tumen River, Gaya River and Buerhatong River, surrounded by mountains. The geomorphic types are divided into low mountain area, hilly area and valley plain area. The low mountain area is distributed in the northeast, with dense irrigation and forest, suitable for forestry and animal husbandry; the hilly area is distributed in the southwest, with numerous mountain streams and fertile land, suitable for planting rice and cash crops; the valley plain area is distributed in the north of Tumen Jiangxi and on both sides of Gaya River and Buerhatong River, which is a gathering area of cities, towns and villages. In the total land area of Tumen City, the general proportion is "eight mountains, half grass, half water, one field".

climatic conditions

Tumen City has obvious characteristics of temperate continental climate, but it is close to the sea of Japan, so it is also affected by the marine climate. The annual average temperature is 5.9 ℃, the maximum temperature is 32.9 ℃, and the minimum temperature is - 24.5 ℃. The active accumulated temperature from May to September is 2683.1 ℃, the final frost period is April 26, and the first frost period is October 4. The annual precipitation is 601.6 mm, mostly concentrated in June, July, August and September. The average temperature in 2009 was 5.9 degrees, which was the same as the average temperature in previous years. The annual total precipitation was 601.6 mm, 54.2 mm more than the average precipitation of 547.4 mm, and the annual total sunshine hours was 2250.8 hours, 30.7 hours more than the average sunshine hours of 2220.1 hours.

natural resources

land resource

The total area of cultivated land in Tumen City is 8208 hectares. The common cultivated land area is 7797 hectares, including 1258 hectares of paddy field and 6539 hectares of dry land. The effective irrigation area is 1425 hectares.

mineral resources

There are 17 kinds of metal and nonmetal mineral resources in Tumen City. The main metallic minerals are copper, lead and zinc, and the reserves of non-metallic minerals are abundant. Among them, lignite reserves are about 200 million tons. There are 36000 tons of silica, 136000 tons of clay, 2 million tons of garnet and 60 million tons of marble.

population

In late 2012, the total registered residence population in Tumen was 123345, which was 3261 lower than that in late 2011. Among them, there are 97929 non-agricultural population, accounting for 79.4% of the total population, and 25416 agricultural population, accounting for 20.6% of the total population. In the total population at the end of 2012, the Korean population was 66276, accounting for 53.7% of the total population, with a decrease of 0.4% compared with 2011; the Han population was 54123, accounting for 43.9% of the total population, with an increase of 0.3% compared with 2011; the population of other nationalities was 2946, accounting for 2.4% of the total population, with an increase of 0.1% compared with 2011. 776 people were born, the birth rate was 6.2 ‰; 1705 people died, the death rate was 13.6 ‰; the natural growth rate was - 7.4 ‰. At the end of the year, there were 40857 employees (excluding railway, the same below), an increase of 1002 over 2011. Among them, there were 26767 urban employees, an increase of 866; 14090 rural employees, an increase of 136; 7046 urban private enterprises and 7682 self-employed workers, respectively.

The registered residence population was 116163 at the end of 2016, 2926 less than the end of last year. Among them, there were 57098 males, a decrease of 1541, and 59065 females, a decrease of 1385. The sex ratio of population was 96.7 (100 females). The population of Korean nationality is 62190, 1615 less than that at the end of last year, accounting for 53.5% of the total population; the population of Han nationality is 51093, 1274 less, accounting for 44.0% of the total population; the population of other nationalities is 2880, 37 less, accounting for 2.5% of the total population. The urban population is 96564, and the proportion of urban population is 83.1%, which is 1.8 percentage points higher than that at the end of last year.

Economics

overview

In 2012, the GDP of Tumen City was 3909.76 million yuan, which was 15.0% higher than that of 2011. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 163.97 million yuan, an increase of 4.3%; the added value of the secondary industry was 232061 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Ji Lin Sheng Yan Bian Chao Xian Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Tu Men Shi