Fengcheng City, Dandong City, Liaoning Province

Fengcheng Fengcheng City, formerly known as Phoenix City, belongs to Dandong City, Liaoning Province. Located in the east of Liaodong Peninsula, near the North Bank of the Yellow Sea, it is a county-level city under the provincial jurisdiction. Fengcheng City is adjacent to Benxi Manchu Autonomous County in the north, Zhenan district and Donggang City in Dandong City in the south, and Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County in the East. Fengcheng City has Shendan railway, Fengshang railway, Shendan Expressway and other traffic lines running through. Fengcheng City has many places of interest and rich tourism resources, including national AAAA scenic spot Fenghuang mountain, national agricultural tourism demonstration site Dalishu village, Dongtang Shengquan resort hot spring, Yulong Lake scenic spot, etc.

By the end of 2019, the total registered residence of Fengcheng was 580 thousand, and there were 24 ethnic groups, including Manchu, Han, Mongolian, Hui and Korea. The Manchu population accounted for 75.1%. Fengcheng City governs 3 streets and 18 towns, including 201 administrative villages.

Fengcheng City has been identified as chestnut production base, Liaoning Province Grain and oil inspection and monitoring station. In 2011, Fengcheng entered the ranks of "top 100 counties in China" for the first time, ranking 87th and 10th among the top 30 counties in Northeast China.

Historical evolution

Changbai Mountain stretches to the North Bank of the Yellow Sea, and there is an abrupt mountain, namely Fenghuang mountain. There is a city at the foot of the mountain, which is called Fengcheng.

There was human life in Fengcheng 20000 years ago (a cave with traces of human life was found in today's tongyuanpu town). The unearthed cultural relics clearly recorded and witnessed these histories. The complete textual research of ancient city sites and cultural relics is rare in Northeast China.

In 128 BC (the first year of the Yuan Dynasty), Wuci county was set up under the jurisdiction of Liaodong county. Wuci city is located at the ancient city site of Beishan villager group, Dabao village, Dabao Mongolian town.

In 9 ad (the first year of Wang Mang's founding), Wang Mang changed Wuci county to huanci county.

In 404 A.D. (the third year of the reign of emperor an of the Eastern Jin Dynasty), the ancient minority of Koguryo in Northeast China took over Liaodong and established Wucheng (also known as Jucheng) Prefecture. Wucheng was built on Fenghuang mountain, namely Fenghuang mountain city.

In Liao Dynasty, Longyuan Prefecture and Longyuan county were established, and both Prefecture and county were stationed in Longyuan city (the site of Fengcheng ancient city). Longyuan Prefecture governs Yanzhou, muzhou and Hezhou, Longyuan county and Huinong county.

In 1011, Liao Shengzong visited Longyuan City, abolished Longyuan Prefecture and Longyuan County, established Kaizhou and Kaiyuan County, and settled in Kaiyuan city (the site of Fengcheng ancient city).

In 1014, Liao Shengzong moved more than 1000 households from Shuangzhou and Hanzhou to Kaizhou, abolished Kaizhou and established Kaifeng Prefecture, which governs Kaiyuan county.

In 1018, Kaifeng government changed its name to Kaizhou. Ming Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of dingliao Duwei (stationed in Liaoyang), and later Ming Dynasty moved dingliao right Wei from Liaoyang to fenghuangpu.

In 1644 (the first year of Shunzhi reign of emperor Shizu of the Qing Dynasty), there was an official in charge of Phoenix City (zhengsanpin, a military and political organization, equivalent to the city level system), covering an area of 29000 square kilometers and a population of 100000.

In 1687 (the 26th year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty), the garrison of Phoenix City was set up, which had jurisdiction over eight flag offices of yellow, white, red and blue, and was subordinate to general Fengtian.

Fenghuang Zhili hall was set up in 1876 (the 2nd year of Guangxu reign of qingdezong), which governed Xiuyan Prefecture, Anton county and Kuandian County.

In 1877 (the third year of Guangxu), the branch patrol Fengtian East bingbei Road (Dongbian road for short) was set up in Phoenix, which was under the jurisdiction of Fenghuang Zhili hall, Xingjing hall, Xiuyan Prefecture, Anton County, Kuandian County, Tonghua County, Huanren County, 2 halls, 1 Prefecture and 4 counties.

In 1914 (3 years of the Republic of China), the name of the county was unified throughout the country. Because of the same name as Fenghuang County in Hunan Province, it was changed to Fengcheng county with the approval of the government of the Republic of China.

In 1985, with the approval of the State Council, Fengcheng county was abolished and Fengcheng Manchu Autonomous County was established.

On September 16, 1993, according to the request of Dandong Municipal government, Liaoning provincial government issued the request for instructions on revoking Fengcheng Manchu Autonomous County and establishing Fengcheng City, which was reported to the State Council.

On March 8, 1994, the State Council approved the abolition of Fengcheng Manchu Autonomous County and the establishment of Fengcheng City (county level). On April 8, the tenth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fourth National People's Congress of Fengcheng Manchu Autonomous County passed a resolution to abolish Fengcheng Manchu Autonomous County and establish Fengcheng City. On May 19, Fengcheng held a grand celebration meeting to remove the county and build a city.

administrative division

By the end of 2013, Fengcheng had jurisdiction over 3 streets and 18 towns, including 201 administrative villages. The three streets are Fenghuang street, Fengshan street and Caohe street; the 18 towns are Baoshan Town, Baiqi Town, shalizhai Town, Hongqi Town, Lanqi town, Bianmen Town, Dabao Mongolian Township, Dongtang Town, Shicheng Town, Daxing Town, aiyang Town, Saima Town, jieshushan Town, Jiguanshan town, liujiahe Town, tongyuanbao Town, simenzi town and Qingchengzi town.

geographical environment

Location context

Fengcheng City is located in the east of Liaodong Peninsula, near the North Bank of the Yellow Sea, with longitude 123 ° 32 ′ - 124 ° 32 ′, latitude 40 ° 02 ′ - 41 ° 06 ′. It is adjacent to Benxi Manchu Autonomous County in the north, Zhenan district and Donggang City in Dandong City in the south, Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County in the East, Liaoyang County and Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County in the West. It is 71 kilometers away from Dandong in the South and 217 kilometers away from Shenyang in the north. Fengcheng covers a total area of 5518 square kilometers.

topographic features

Fengcheng area belongs to the type of hilly landform in Eastern Liaoning Province, and the northern part is an erosional structure with an altitude of more than 1000 meters. In the middle part, there are mountains and hills suffered from moderate cutting, which belong to the stage landform of structural descending in turn. From the south to the coast of the Yellow Sea, it gradually becomes a fluctuating zonal plain with tens of kilometers of low hills. It belongs to marine erosion and accumulation topography.

climate

Fengcheng City belongs to the humid area in the middle humid zone, with continental monsoon climate and four distinct seasons. The annual average temperature is 7.9 ℃, the average maximum temperature is 14 ℃, and the average minimum temperature is 2.6 ℃. The frost free period is 173 days at most, 138 days at least, and 156 days on average. The annual average precipitation is 1044mm, the maximum annual precipitation is 1509.4mm, and the annual average sunshine hours is 2372.2 hours.

natural resources

water resource

The total amount of water resources in Fengcheng City is 3.364 billion cubic meters per year, with 5831 cubic meters per capita, accounting for 5.5% of the surface water resources in Liaoning Province. The total available water is 2.090 billion cubic meters, including 1.916 billion cubic meters of surface water and 174 million cubic meters of groundwater. The water quality is pure calcium carbonate high quality drinking water, which is the ideal water for brewing industry and light industry. Five places of groundwater heat have been found, among which the highest temperature of Dongtang hot spring is 78 degrees, and the water contains 28 kinds of elements, which has a significant effect on arthritis, skin diseases and other diseases.

Biological resources

Fengcheng is rich in mountains, dense forests and rich in wild resources. It has 998 species of higher plants belonging to 404 genera of 81 families (including 52 species of wild fruits belonging to 20 genera of 13 families), 28 species of mammals belonging to 14 families and 162 species of birds belonging to 39 families. There are 620 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials such as ginseng, asarum, Gastrodia elata and Gentiana, dozens of edible fungi such as Auricularia auricula and hazelnut mushroom, dozens of wild vegetables such as Pteridium aquilinum, celery and dragon bud, dried and fresh fruits such as chestnut and walnut, and rare animals and plants such as Magnolia sieboldii and giant salamander.

mineral resources

Fengcheng City has discovered 59 kinds of metal and non-metallic mineral deposits such as coal, iron, gold, copper and boron. One of them is placer gold and vein gold with large reserves and wide distribution. It has been mined for more than 200 years. In 1989, it was listed as one of the key gold production areas in China. In 2010, new mineral resources were discovered, and the preliminary proven gold reserves are 20.5 tons, belonging to large-scale gold mines. Boron ore reserves account for the proportion of solid gold deposits in China The reserves of Wengquangou boron ore in liujiahe are the first in China, and the reserves of andalusite are the first in Asia and the third in the world. "Dandong green", "Phoenix green" and other marble products are known as "the crown of marble" by Southeast Asian countries (the "Dandong green" marble is selected as part of the decoration of Chairman Mao's Memorial Hall). There are more than ten varieties of granite plate.

Population nationality

population

By the end of 2019, the total registered residence of Fengcheng was nearly 580 thousand.

In 2016, the total number of households in the city was 198640, the total registered residence population was 566751, a decrease of 868 over the previous year. Among the registered residence population, there are 376600 rural population, accounting for 66.4% of the total population. The ratio of male to female was 103.2:100. In 2016, 4571 people were born, with a birth rate of 8.1 ‰; 4405 people died, with a mortality rate of 7.8 ‰; 166 people increased naturally, with a natural growth rate of 2.9 ‰.

nation

By the end of 2012, there were 24 nationalities in Fengcheng, including Manchu, Han, Mongolian, Hui and Korean, with Manchu population accounting for 75.1%.

economic development

overview

In 2011, Fengcheng's GDP reached 36.28 billion yuan, an increase of 14.3% over 2012; the added value of large-scale industries was 5.53 billion yuan, an increase of 6.3%; the investment in fixed assets was 11.13 billion yuan, an increase of 31.9%; the general budget revenue was 2.22 billion yuan, an increase of 32.6%; the actually utilized foreign capital was 82.91 million US dollars, an increase of 47.5%; the total foreign trade export was 106 million US dollars, an increase of 35%; the funds for introducing domestic funded projects were 113.5% 8 billion yuan, an increase of 42.1%; the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 5.53 billion yuan, an increase of 17.8%; the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 16516 yuan, an increase of 18.9%; the per capita net income of farmers was 9881 yuan, an increase of 20.4%. It has successfully ranked among the top 100 counties in China, ranking 87th.

In 2016, the GDP was 16.98 billion yuan, which was 1.9% lower than that in the same period of last year. Among them: the added value of the primary industry reached 2.36 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 19.0%; the added value of the secondary industry reached 2.36 billion yuan

Chinese PinYin : Liao Ning Sheng Dan Dong Shi Feng Cheng Shi