Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County, Fushun City, Liaoning Province

Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County is subordinate to Fushun City, Liaoning Province. It is located in the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning Province, bordering Meihekou City, Jilin Province. It is the east gate of Liaoning Province, belonging to the junction zone of two provinces, four cities and seven counties. It is adjacent to Dongfeng County, Meihekou city and Liuhe County in Jilin Province in the East, Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County in the south, Fushun County and Tieling County in the west, and Xifeng County in the north Kaiyuan city is connected by Kaiyuan city. The geographical coordinates are 124 ° 20 ′ 06 ″ - 125 ° 28 ′ 58 ″ e, 41 ° 47 ′ 52 ″ - 42 ° 28 ′ 25 ″ n. The total area of the county is 3932.96 square kilometers.

As of 2010, Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County has jurisdiction over 9 towns, 5 townships and 188 administrative villages, with a total population of 336169, including 29 nationalities, including Manchu, Han, Korean, Hui, Mongolian and Xibo. In 2010, the GDP of Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County reached 9402.96 million yuan, 4.2 times higher than 2243 million yuan in 2005, with an average annual increase of 33.2%.

Evolution of organizational system

Liaodong County, which belonged to Yan state in the Warring States period, was attacked by Qin and Han Dynasty.

In the fifth year of the first Yuan Dynasty (82 B.C.) of emperor Zhao of the Western Han Dynasty, it was Gaoxian County of xuantu County, and later belonged to xuantu County of Pingzhou. The subordination of the Three Kingdoms to the Western Jin Dynasty remained unchanged. The Eastern Jin and southern and Northern dynasties belong to the former Yan, the former Qin and the later Yan.

From the northern Yan Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty, it was occupied by Koguryo.

In the early Tang Dynasty, it was a new city. In the first year of the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Anton capital. Later, it was under the jurisdiction of Fuyu Prefecture in Bohai Sea.

At the beginning of Liao Dynasty, it belonged to Youzhou. In 938, it was the east of daoxianzhou in Tokyo.

At the beginning of Jin Dynasty, this place belongs to Tokyo Xianping county. Tiande two years (1150) is Xianping road Chengping county.

At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, it belonged to Kaiyuan Prefecture of Kaiyuan Road. Until the 24th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1287), it belonged to Kaiyuan Prefecture of Liaoyang province. In the second year of Yuanzhen (1296), it belonged to Kaiyuan Road of Liaoyang province.

Hongwu in Ming Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of Kaiyuan sanwanwei, commander of Liaodong capital. In the third year of Zhengtong (1438), the south of Qinghe belonged to Jianzhou Weidi, and the rest belonged to the same area. Wanli 44 years (1616), after the establishment of the post Jin regime, this area for the Ming and post Jin separatist areas.

In the early Qing Dynasty, Kangxi fengtianfu belonged to Kaiyuan county. In the Qing Dynasty, Kaiyuan and Xingjing were two counties.

At the end of the early Republic of China (1912), Kaiyuan county was located at the junction of Liuhe, Xingjing and Hailong counties, which was far away from the county and difficult to control. In 1925, Kaiyuan, Hailong, Liuhe, Xingjing and Tieling counties were analyzed, and the administrative bureau was set up. In July 1928, it was officially named Qingyuan County. In 1929, the Northeast government affairs committee was established, changing Fengtian province into Liaoning Province, and Qingyuan County Zhili Liaoning Province into a third class county. In March of 1932, the first year of the puppet Manchu Dynasty (Datong), the official system of the provincial government office was announced, and Liaoning Province was changed into Fengtian province, which was still subordinate to Fengtian province as a class C County.

After the restoration of Northeast China, the county people's Government under the leadership of the Communist Party was established.

In 1946, the KMT occupied the area, which was under the jurisdiction of Anton province.

In 1948, it was liberated and put under the jurisdiction of Liaodong province.

In 1954, it was under the jurisdiction of Liaoning Province.

administrative division

As of 2010, Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County has jurisdiction over 9 towns (Qingyuan Town, Hongtoushan Town, nankouqian Manchu Town, Dagujia Manchu Town, xiajiabao Manchu Town, CaoShi Town, Nanshan Town, wandianzi Town, yingemen town), 5 townships (tukouzi Manchu Township, beisanjia Manchu Township, aojiabao Township, Dasuhe Township, gounaidian Township), with a total of 188 administrative villages.

geographical environment

Location context

Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County is located in the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning Province, bordering Meihekou city of Jilin Province. It is the east gate of Liaoning Province, belonging to the junction zone of two provinces, four cities and seven counties. It is adjacent to Dongfeng County, Meihekou city and Liuhe County of Jilin Province in the East, Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County in the south, Fushun County and Tieling County in the west, Xifeng County and Kaiyuan city in the north. Its geographical coordinates are 124 ° 20 'E 06 ″ - 125 ° 28 ′ 58 ″, 41 ° 47 ′ 52 ″ - 42 ° 28 ′ 25 ″ north latitude, the county is 120 km west of Shenyang, the provincial capital. The total area of the county is 3932.96 square kilometers.

landforms

The terrain of Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County is high in the southeast and low in the northwest. The low mountains and hills crisscross with the river valley, and the central part gradually slows down along the Hunhe River valley plain to the West. The mountains are Longgang Branch of Changbai Mountain. There are more than 30 peaks above 500 meters above sea level. The highest peak is Longgang in the south, 1100.1 meters above sea level, followed by Mo Rihong in the north, 1013.4 meters above sea level. The highest altitude is 1100.1 meters, and the lowest is 136.2 meters. It is known as "eight mountains, one water and one field".

climate

Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County has a mid temperate continental monsoon climate, cold in winter and hot in summer. The annual average temperature is 5.3 ℃. July is the hottest, with an average temperature of 22.9 ℃; January is the coldest, with an average temperature of - 16 ℃. The extreme maximum temperature is 37.2 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 37.6 ℃. The frost free period is about 130 days. The frost free period is 110 to 120 days in the eastern and southern alpine areas. The first frost usually appears in the middle of September and the last frost in the middle of May. The land was frozen in the middle of November, thawed from late March to early April, and became available in late April. The deepest frozen soil layer is about 169 cm. The total sunshine hours of the whole year is 2419 hours. In spring and summer, there are more southwest winds, and in autumn and winter, there are more northwest winds. The general wind force is 3 to 4, and the maximum wind force is 7 to 8. The annual average rainfall is 806.5 mm, mainly in July, August and September. The rainfall in these three months accounted for more than 60% of the total rainfall in the whole year. The daily maximum rainfall is 116.8 mm. Annual evaporation is 1275 mm.

soil

In 1981, the soil of Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County was surveyed comprehensively and systematically. The results are as follows: the soil in the county is divided into 6 soil types (dark brown soil, brown soil, albic soil, meadow soil, swamp soil and paddy soil), 11 sub types (dark brown soil, brown soil, brown soil, tidal brown soil, albic soil, meadow albic soil, meadow swamp soil, peat swamp soil, flooded paddy soil and swamp paddy soil), 35 soil genera (acid rock dark brown soil and basic rock) Dark brown soil, acid rock brown soil, cultivated acid rock brown soil, basic rock brown soil, limestone brown soil, sand shale brown soil, acid rock brown soil, cultivated acid rock brown soil, cultivated sand shale brown soil, slope brown soil, loess brown soil, cultivated loess brown soil, slope proluvial tidal brown soil, cultivated slope proluvial tidal brown soil, cultivated loess brown soil Fluvo brown soil, slope albic soil, cultivated slope albic soil, loess albic soil, cultivated loess albic soil, loess meadow albic soil, cultivated loess meadow albic soil, cultivated sandy meadow soil, cultivated loamy meadow soil, meadow vegetable soil, cultivated meadow swamp soil, peat swamp soil, cultivated peat soil, buried peat soil, cultivated buried peat soil and meadow soil There are 76 soil species, including brown soil, sapropel swamp soil, meadow swamp soil and peat swamp soil.

hydrology

Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County is the birthplace of Hun, Qing, Chai and Liu rivers. There are 103 main and tributaries, with a total flow length of 183 km. Among them, Hun River, with a flow length of 83 km, is the most upstream of Dahuofang reservoir. Qinghe River, 40 kilometers in length, is the upstream of Qinghe Reservoir. Chaihe River, 35 kilometers long, is the upstream of Chaihe Reservoir. Liuhe river, 25 kilometers long, is the upstream of Mopanshan Reservoir in Jilin Province.

natural resources

plant resources

There are oak, poplar, willow, Catalpa bungei, Sophora japonica, Tilia amurensis, elm, birch, Phellodendron chinense and other tree species in Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County, as well as a small number of precious tree species, such as Catalpa bungei, Fraxinus mandshurica, Baoma, etc. Artificial cultivation of trees are larch, black pine, and a small number of Korean pine, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Yunshan and so on.

560 kinds of wild Chinese herbal medicines have been found, among which asarum, Platycodon grandiflorum, Atractylodes lancea, Pulsatilla chinensis, Schisandra chinensis, Plantago asiatica, Gentianaceae, bupleurum, motherwort wormwood, Phellodendron amurense, etc.

mineral resources

Up to 2010, more than 20 kinds of minerals have been found in Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County, including gold, copper, iron, iron sulfide, vermiculite, marble, silica, quartzite, limestone, coal, mica and peat soil. The county has found 109 ore spots, including 33 gold spots, with a reserve of about 20 tons; 5 iron ore spots, with a reserve of about 47 million tons; 3 lime plant spots, with a reserve of about 82 million tons; 3 iron sulfide spots, with a reserve of about 10.25 million tons; and 8 peat soil spots, with a reserve of about 70 million tons.

Population nationality

According to the sixth national census in 2010, there are 102542 households and 336169 population in Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County, 17892 more than 318277 in the fifth census and 5.6% more than the fifth census. There are 29 nationalities in the county. There are 191460 Manchu, 94390 Han, 3254 Korean, 616 Hui, 419 Mongolian, 122 Xibo, 29 Zhuang, 20 Bai, 8 she, 5 Li, 4 Uygur, 4 Dong, 4 Jingpo, 4 Daur, 3 Hani, 3 Miao, 3 Yi and 3 Gaoshan.

traffic

In Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County, Shenyang Jilin Railway runs across the county, with 9 parking stations and 2 boarding and landing stations. The county seat is 98 km away from Fushun, and national highway 202 is 93 km through Qingyuan County. It takes only 90 minutes to drive from the county seat to Shenyang Taoxian airport. The highways from the county seat to the surrounding counties are all black roads. There are 32 highways at all levels of state, province, county and township in the county, with a total length of 971 km.

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