Wusu city, Tacheng Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Wusu Wusu city is located in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the people's Republic of China, adjacent to Karamay City, Kuitun city and Shawan County in the East, Nileke County in the south, Jinghe County in the West and Tuoli County in the north. The total area of the city is 20700 square kilometers. There are Kazakh, Han, Uygur, Hui, Mongolian and other nationalities. It has jurisdiction over 10 towns, 7 townships, 3 pastures, 185 village teams, 1 forest farm, 5 sub district offices and 16 communities.

Wusu was once the territory of Heshuote tribe in Mongolia. The Mongolian word "kurkala Wusu" means "snow land and black water". It was included in the territory of the motherland as early as the Western Han Dynasty. Later, the Tang, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties garrisoned here. Since the early years of the Qing Dynasty, there has been a prosperous ancient post station located in this beautiful waterfront. Seeing the beautiful scenery and the charm of Hangzhou's West Lake, the imperial officials, merchants and Xiake from east to West call it the new "West Lake" of the frontier fortress.

The people of all ethnic groups in Wusu not only created material wealth, but also created spiritual wealth in the north and south of Tianshan: "national model city of double support", "national advanced city of national unity", "health city of the autonomous region", "advanced city of spiritual civilization construction of the autonomous region", "advanced city of propaganda and ideological work of the autonomous region" and dozens of honorary titles awarded by Party committees, governments and relevant departments at all levels.

In 2018, Wusu achieved a GDP of 19.72 billion yuan (full caliber, including BINGTUAN). In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

Historical evolution

In the Western Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, it was the western border of Cheshi.

After the second year of Tang Xianqing (657), it was subordinate to the capital of Kunling.

The Southern Song Dynasty belongs to the Western Liao Dynasty.

The Yuan Dynasty belongs to the Shangshu province.

It belongs to Wala. In the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, it was once the territory of Heshuote tribe in Mongolia. In Mongolian, "kurkalawusu" means "snow and black water". It was once a nomadic land in Junggar, Mongolia.

In the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty (1757), officers and soldiers were stationed here. In the 26th year of Qianlong (1761), the Minister of kurkala Wusu was set up. In 1772, qingsui city was built. It was still named kurkala Wusu. There were leaders and county officials. In the 49th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong, a new city was built in the northeast, and the city is still called the city. In 1886, kuerkala Wusu Zhili hall and lidihua mansion were set up.

In 1913, it was changed to Wusu County, belonging to zhendidao. In March 1917, it was designated Tacheng road. Later, it was subordinate to Tacheng administrative region and Tacheng special region.

In August 1950, Wusu county changed the system of one thousand head of household and one hundred head of household to the system of district and township according to the instructions of the higher authorities. Kuitun became the first township in the Second District of Wusu County, with jurisdiction over five natural villages, including Huanggou, tashikuitun, Kalasu, diankuitun and kaiganqi.

In March 1954, Wusu County adjusted its administrative division again, and Kuitun became the first district and the first township.

In early 1957, Kuitun Township, 84hu Township and Jiujianlou Township were merged into Xingfu township.

In July 1958, Kuitun was separated from Wusu county and put under the jurisdiction of Karamay City.

After 1968, it belongs to Tacheng area.

On July 10, 1996, the State Council approved the abolition of Wusu county and the establishment of Wusu city.

administrative division

In 2000, Wusu city governed 5 streets, 10 towns and 7 townships. Among them: 10889 in Xinshi District, 13423 in Nanyuan District, 15395 in Xicheng District, 6197 in Hongqiao District, 4478 in Kuihe District, 4077 in baiyanggou Town, 15050 in hatubuhu Town, 11569 in Huanggong Town, 5830 in Chepaizi Town, 9606 in Ganhezi Town, 7596 in Baiquan Town, 11008 in Sikeshu Town, 9882 in gurtu Town, 7751 in Xihu Town, 8374 in XIDAGOU Town, and 878 in baquan town There are 13775 people in shishihu Township, 3938 people in Jiahezi Township, 6240 people in Jiujianlou Township, 5325 people in Shiqiao Township, 4213 people in Toutai Township, 5186 people in jilgete guoleng Mongolian Township, 1939 people in tabulehete Mongolian Township, 2950 people in Ganjiahu ranch virtual Township, 2829 people in bayingou ranch virtual Township, 2124 people in sailikti ranch virtual Township and 715 people in Wusu prison virtual township.

geographical environment

Location context

Wusu is located in the north slope of Tianshan Mountain, the southwest edge of Junggar basin, the hub of Eurasian Continental Bridge, 312 National Highway and Duku highway.

landforms

Wusu is located in the southwest of Junggar basin, across the Junggar Basin and the Northern Tianshan Mountains. From north to south, with the increase of altitude, there are great differences in climate and geomorphology, obvious vertical zoning and diverse geomorphic types.

The northern Junggar basin is mainly composed of alluvial flat plains, of which a considerable part is semi desert;

The middle part is the transition zone from basin to mountain, which is composed of alluvial proluvial inclined plain and dry denuded low mountain;

The southern part is the Northern Tianshan Mountain, which is composed of dry denudation mountain, erosion erosion mountain, periglacial and glacial mountain. Tianshan Mountain is a part of the north slope of the middle part of the North Tianshan Mountain, including the north slope of the west section of yilianhabirga mountain and the north slope of the east section of boraconu mountain. The Junggar basin is composed of two parts: the alluvial proluvial inclined plain in the South and the alluvial flat plain in the north.

geology

Wusu tectonics is a part of Junggar Tianshan fold system in Tianshan Xingan geosyncline. The southern mountain area is the Paleozoic strata, the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Tertiary strata are distributed along the Piedmont, and the Quaternary strata are widely distributed in the plain area.

In the stratigraphic division, the strata exposed in Wusu city belong to yilianhabirga and Manas districts in the North Tianshan stratigraphic area. The plain area, which accounts for two-thirds of the city's area, is covered by Quaternary, and no bedrock is exposed.

In addition to a large number of sedimentary rocks intercalated with pyroclastic rocks and a small amount of epimetamorphic rocks, the rest of the rocks are magmatic rocks. The magmatic rocks are mainly acidic, which are strictly controlled by different structural planes in space, and the grain size varies with the depth. Quartz diorite dikes, hornblende gabbro dikes, diabase dikes and felsic dikes are widely distributed in mountainous areas.

There are two secondary tectonic units in the whole area: the northern part of the plain belongs to chepaizizhen uplift in Junggar depression; the southern part of the plain and the Northern Tianshan area belong to Urumqi Piedmont depression, yilianhabirga syncline and borokonou anticline in the North Tianshan EUGEOSYNCLINAL fold belt.

climate

Wusu is located in the north temperate arid area, which is a typical continental climate. Its characteristics are: long winter and summer, short spring and autumn, four distinct seasons, large variation of temperature difference in the year, sufficient light; rare rainfall, strong evaporation, low relative humidity. There are dry hot wind in summer and cold current in winter. As the elevation difference between the north and the south is more than 4000 meters, different microclimate zones with obvious vertical distribution are formed. From south to north, the climate can be divided into four climatic regions: mountain climate, piedmont climate, plain climate and desert climate. The possible sunshine hours are 4444 hours and the actual sunshine hours are 2600-2800 hours. The extreme minimum temperature is - 37.5 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 42.2 ℃, and the annual temperature range is 42.8 ℃. The precipitation is mainly controlled by the cold and wet air flow in Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean. When the cold and wet air flows over the boundary mountains of western Junggar from the West or northwest, it forms a less rainy area with strong desert in Jinghe area and Chepaizi Karamay line. The plain area is windy in spring and summer, high temperature and drought in summer, and the average annual evaporation of bare land is more than 2000 mm.

hydrology

Although Wusu city is in the semi-arid continental climate zone, due to the elevation of more than 4000 meters in the south of Wusu city, affected by the vertical climate zone, the relative humidity is relatively high, so Wusu city has become a "wet island" in the arid region. When the moist air from the Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean enters Xinjiang through the Alashan pass and Emin Valley and moves southward, it is blocked by the Tianshan Mountains. In the process of the moist air moving along the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain, it combines with the cold and humid air of "wet island" and turns into atmospheric precipitation, which becomes the source of water in Wusu city.

There are 1016.45 square kilometers of glaciers on the northern slope of Mt. yilianhabirga and Mt. borokonou in Wusu, of which 299.7 square kilometers of melt water is mostly supplied by AnJiHai River, and the rest of melt water is directly supplied by rivers and gullies in the city. Among them, Kuitun River, Sikeshu River and gurtu River account for 1247.2 million cubic meters, 11 tailless streams account for 118.6 million cubic meters, and the four tributaries in Wusu in the upper reaches of AnJiHai River account for 21 million cubic meters. The precipitation is mainly concentrated in summer, and the river flow increases with the increase of temperature. There are five basic types of groundwater in the area: pore water of loose rock, fissure water of bedrock, fissure water of clastic rock, groundwater of frozen layer and mine water. Among them, the loose rock pore water is the most widely distributed, which is the focus of development and utilization.

natural resources

Wusu city has a vast area, across the important West Tianshan metallogenic area, which is one of the key areas of the national land and resources survey. With its significant location of the plate margin active belt, it shows a good metallogenic background and metallogenic conditions, and has relatively rich mineral resources and prominent resource development advantages. The discovered minerals include energy minerals, ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, precious metals, metallurgical auxiliary raw materials, building materials and geothermal resources (coal, oil, natural gas, iron, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, gold, limestone, pyrite, granite, tremolite jade, asbestos, graphite, gypsum, talc, ceramsite mudstone, bentonite, ceramsite and high alumina shale) Rock, slate, mineral water, hot spring, hot spring). The most advantageous and potential minerals are coal, gold and stone