Kuitun city, Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Kuitun, which belongs to Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the people's Republic of China, is located in the middle part of the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain and the southwest of Junggar basin. It borders Shawan County in Tacheng area in the East, Wusu city in Tacheng area in the west, huyanghe City and Karamay City in the north, and Dushanzi District in Karamay City in the south. The city governs 6 streets and 1 Township, with a total area of 1171.2 square kilometers. The city name means "cold" in Heshuote Mongolian.

Kuitun city is a new industrial and commercial city in Northwest China. At the end of 2016, there were 60000 households in the urban area with a total population of 158700, an increase of 11000 over the previous year. The economy of Kuitun city is the main agricultural and pastoral area and grain, oil and cotton base in Xinjiang. The Second Eurasian Continental Bridge runs through Kuitun.

In November 2018, it was selected into the top 100 of the overall well-off index of China's county-level cities. Top 100 counties and cities in Western China in 2019.

Historical evolution

In the Qin Dynasty, Kuitun was the pasture of Saizhong people, then Yueshi and Wusun.

In 60 BC, the government of the Western Han Dynasty set up a political power institution in the western regions, the Duhufu, and Kuitun was officially included in the territory of China.

Kuitun was a territory of Yueban, Northern Wei, Rouran and Turk in Jin Dynasty, Sixteen States and Northern and Southern Dynasties.

In Sui Dynasty, Kuitun belonged to tiele tribe of West Turk.

In the Tang Dynasty, it was subordinate to the Kunling dududufu under the Beiting Dufu.

In the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Kuitun belonged to the nine surnames of Wuhu.

In the Song Dynasty, Kuitun belonged to the Western Liao Dynasty.

During the reign of Genghis Khan (1206-1227), Kuitun was the land of qu'erzhi of Mongolian nationality; from the 10th year of Dade to the 1st year of Zhishun (1306-1330), Kuitun was the land of the queen of Chagatai.

In the Qing Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of kurkalawusu and was the pasture of Heshuote tribe in irut Mongolia. Kuitun was called "cold" in Heshuote Mongolian. In 1884, Xinjiang formally established a provincial government, and the military stations and Yingtang stations in the north and south of Tianshan Mountain were all changed into post stations, which were specialized in the transmission of military and political justice information; Kuitun post was one of them.

In 1913, Kuitun was a territory of Wusu County, known as Kuitun Village (one of the nine villages in Wusu county). In 1948, a police station was set up in Kuitun.

In August 1950, Wusu county changed the system of one thousand head of household and one hundred head of household to the system of district and township according to the instructions of the higher authorities. Kuitun became the first township in the Second District of Wusu County, with jurisdiction over five natural villages, including Huanggou, tashikuitun, Kalasu, diankuitun and kaiganqi. In March 1954, Wusu County adjusted its administrative division again, and Kuitun became the first district and the first township. In early 1957, Kuitun Township, 84hu Township and Jiujianlou Township were merged into Xingfu township. In March 1957, the division headquarters of the seventh agricultural division of the production and Construction Corps of the Xinjiang military region was moved from Fort to Kuitun. In 1958, Kuitun was under the jurisdiction of Karamay City.

On March 25, 1975, the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission decided to abolish the production and Construction Corps of the Xinjiang Military Region of the Chinese people's Liberation Army. The seventh Agricultural Division was subsequently abolished, and its farms and industrial and mining enterprises were under the jurisdiction of their respective localities. On August 29 of the same year, the State Council approved the establishment of Kuitun city (county level), with some parts of Karamay City as the administrative region of Kuitun city, under the jurisdiction of Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, and the capital of Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture was moved from Yining City to Kuitun city.

In July 1978, the Kuitun Bureau of agricultural reclamation in Yili Prefecture was established on the basis of the former mining enterprises in Kuitun area of the seventh agricultural division.

In October 1979, the party and government organs of Yili Prefecture moved back to Yining City. After that, the State Party committee decided that Kuitun city and Kuitun Bureau of agricultural reclamation would work together.

In December 1981, the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission decided to resume the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps. In April 1982, the seventh Agricultural Division was restored on the basis of Kuitun Bureau of agricultural reclamation in Yili Prefecture.

In January 1983, the Kuitun Revolutionary Committee was changed into the Kuitun people's government. Kuitun city was separated from the seventh agricultural division. The municipal Party committee and the municipal government were set up separately and directly under the jurisdiction of Yili Prefecture.

administrative division

As of 2013, Kuitun city has five streets, namely, Urumqi East Road Street, Urumqi West Road Street, Tuanjie street, Beijing East Road Street, Beijing West Road Street and railway station street; and an agricultural township, kaiganqi township.

geographical environment

position

Kuitun city is located in the middle part of the Northern Piedmont of Tianshan Mountain, southwest of Junggar basin, on the Bank of Kuitun River, with latitude of 44 ° 19 ′ - 44 ° 49 ′ N and longitude of 84 ° 47 ′ - 85 ° 18 ′ e. it is adjacent to Shawan County in the East, Wusu city in the west, Dushanzi District of Karamay City in the South and huyanghe city and Karamay City in the north. It is 253km away from Urumqi, the capital of the autonomous region in the East, 243km away from Alashankou, the border port in the west, 270 km away from Bole City, 450 km to Yining City, 150 km to Karamay City in the north, 530 km to Altay City in the north, 380 km to Tacheng City in the northwest, and 540km to Kuche County, an important town in southern Xinjiang.

geology

Kuitun city is located in the northern part of Tianshan geosynclinal structural belt and the southern edge of Junggar Basin in Piedmont depression. The tectonic movement is strongly influenced by Variscan, Yanshan, Himalayas and even neotectonic movement. Stratigraphically, it belongs to the Variscan fold belt in the North Tianshan Mountains, with complex geological structure and great changes in stratigraphic development.

topographic features

Kuitun city is located at the edge of alluvial fan on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain, with an altitude of 450-530 meters. There are no mountains and peaks in the territory. The terrain is high in the southwest and low in the northeast. It is about 50 kilometers from Tianshan Mountains in the South and 8 kilometers from Kuitun River in the West. The terrain is high in the southwest and low in the northeast, with the altitude from 610 m to 320 m in the north and south, and from 610 m to 460 m in the East and West. The vertical slope of the ground is 10-30 ‰ in the South and 3-5 ‰ in the West and East.

climate

Kuitun city has a continental arid climate with long sunshine, few precipitation and large evaporation. The average annual temperature is 6.5 ℃, the average temperature in January is 18 ℃, and the average temperature in July is 25.7 ℃. The area is rich in sunshine, with an average annual sunshine hours of 2598.1 hours and an average annual sunshine rate of 58%. Located in the hinterland of Eurasian continent, it has a continental climate of north temperate zone. The upper air is affected by both the westerly weather system and the subtropical weather system. In addition, the Tianshan Mountains act as a barrier to the cold air in the north and the underlying surface of the Gobi desert. As a result, it is hot in summer and cold in winter, with distinct four seasons, less precipitation, large evaporation, large daily (annual) temperature difference and abundant light resources Rich.

hydrology

Kuitun city belongs to the Kuitun River system, with four rivers. Kuitun River originates from yilianhabirga mountain, a branch of Tianshan Mountain, flows through Dushanzi, Wusu, Kuitun and Jinghe River to Ebinur Lake, with a total length of 220 km. The upstream is mainly composed of 18 tributaries, with an average annual flow of 640 million cubic meters and an average annual flow of 20.1 cubic meters per second. The flood period is from the beginning of June to the end of September every year, and the dry period is from October to March next year. There is a great difference in river flow in winter and summer, which is a typical inland river in arid area.

natural resources

land resource

Kuitun city is rich in land resources. As of 2013, the cultivated land area of Kuitun administrative region is about 13699.59 hectares, and the unused land area is about 3973.30 hectares.

water resource

Kuitun city is rich in water resources and excellent in water quality, with annual runoff of 1.61 billion cubic meters, dynamic groundwater reserves of 728 million cubic meters and exploitable capacity of 310 million cubic meters. The surface water in the city is mainly the Kuitun River and the springs and lakes in the north of the city. Abundant surface water resources provide a good prospect for freshwater aquaculture in Kuitun city. The groundwater aquifer has good water yield, which can support the production and living water of cities with a population of 250000-300000, and can meet the needs of large-scale economic development. It is a rare area with rich water resources in Xinjiang.

Mineral resources

As of 2013, the mined mineral resources in Kuitun are petroleum, coal, salt, marble, granite, gypsum, mica, asbestos, gold, copper, nickel, iron, lithium, etc.

Population nationality

By the end of 2013, there were 57800 households in Kuitun District, with a total population of 156700, an increase of 1.2% over 2012, including 151000 non-agricultural population. It is composed of 34 ethnic groups, including Han, ha, Wei, Hui and Meng. Among them, the population of ethnic minorities is 10700, accounting for 6.8% of the total population. There are 77900 males and 78800 females. The birth rate is 6.2 ‰. 609 people died, and the mortality rate was 3.9 ‰. The natural growth rate of population is 2.3 ‰.

At the end of 2016, there were 60000 households in the urban area with a total population of 158700, an increase of 11000 over the previous year, including 142400 urban residents, accounting for 89.8% of the total population. It is composed of 35 ethnic groups, including Han, ha, Wei, Hui and Meng. Among them, the population of ethnic minorities is 10700, accounting for 6.8% of the total population. There were 1396 births, with a birth rate of 8.8 ‰, 687 deaths, with a mortality rate of 4.3 ‰, and a natural growth rate of 4.5 ‰.

Economic overview

overview

In 2013, Kuitun achieved a GDP of 12.645 billion yuan, which was 17% higher than that in 2012 at comparable prices. The added value of the primary industry was 622 million yuan, 5.6% higher than that in 2012; the added value of the secondary industry was 6.796 billion yuan, 20.0% higher than that in 2012; the added value of the tertiary industry was 5.227 billion yuan, 13.8% higher than that in 2012. The proportion of three industries is 4.9:53.8:41.3. According to the resident population, the per capita GDP is 81196 yuan, which is higher than 201 yuan at comparable prices

Chinese PinYin : Xin Jiang Wei Wu Er Zi Zhi Qu Yi Li Ha Sa Ke Zi Zhi Zhou Kui Tun Shi