Tongbai County, Nanyang City, Henan Province

Tongbai County Tongbai County is a county under the jurisdiction of Nanyang City, Henan Province. It is located in the south of Henan Province, the eastern edge of Nanyang Basin, the hinterland of Tongbai mountain, and the junction of Henan and Hubei provinces. Tongbai County is known as "the throat of Wandong" and "the barrier of Xinxi". With a total area of 1915 square kilometers, it has jurisdiction over 11 towns, 5 townships, 215 administrative villages (communities), and a total population of 438000 in 2016.

Tongbai is known as one of the "seventy-two blessed places in the world" in history. There are many places of interest and profound history and culture. The long history and ancient folk customs have formed Tongbai's unique culture. Huaiyuan culture, Buddhism and Taoism culture, Pangu culture and red culture have become the enrichment and extension of Central Plains and even national culture. Taking the "four cultures" as the main line and Huaiyuan scenic area as the focus, the territory constitutes a tourist attraction integrating natural landscape and cultural landscape.

"Pangu opens the world, blood is huaidu", and Tongbai is the birthplace of Huaihe River. The forest coverage rate reaches 50.3%, which is known as "natural oxygen bar" and rich in tourism resources. It is a famous tourist attraction in Central China. It has national scenic spots, National Forest Park, Huaiyuan scenic spot of Tongbai mountain, Tongbai revolution memorial hall, Huanggang red leaf scenic spot of Tongbai mountain, which covers an area of 95.8 square kilometers.

In 2018, the county's GDP reached 17.465 billion yuan, an increase of 8.4%, the investment in fixed assets increased by 16%, the added value of industries above designated size increased by 8.2%, and the general public budget revenue reached 978 million yuan, an increase of 6%;

In November 2019, Tongbai County was named "four good rural road" national demonstration county. On February 26, 2020, the people's Government of Henan Province approved Tongbai County to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county, officially lifting its hat.

Historical evolution

In the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Chu belonged to Han, and Qin belonged to Nanyang County.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Pingshi county and Fuyang county were established.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, Pingshi county was located in the west, while the organizational system in the East changed frequently.

Sui kaihuang eighteen years (598) home Tongbai County, because it is located at the foot of Tongbai mountain, named after the mountain. It stands side by side with Pingshi county.

During the Kaibao period of the Northern Song Dynasty, Tongbai County was moved from Guxian town to the present site, and Pingshi county was abandoned.

Tongbai County was abandoned several times in the Southern Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty, and was replaced in 1476.

geographical environment

position

Tongbai County of Nanyang city is located in the southeast of Henan Province, at the junction of Henan and Hubei. The geographical coordinates are between 113 ° 00 ′ e to 113 ° 49 ′ E and 32 ° 17 ′ n to 32 ° 43 ′ n. It is adjacent to Xinyang City in the East, Suizhou and Zaoyang cities in Hubei Province in the south, Biyang and Queshan counties in the north and Tanghe County in the West. It is 76.1 kilometers long from east to west and 49.3 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total land area of 1913.8 square kilometers.

climate

It belongs to the north subtropical monsoon type continental warm and humid climate with four distinct seasons and abundant rainfall. The average annual temperature is 15 ℃, the average temperature in January is 2 ° C, the average temperature in July is 28 ° C, the average annual precipitation is 1168 mm, the frost free period is 231 days, and the average annual sunshine hours is 2027 hours.

landforms

The landform in the territory is mainly shallow mountains and hills, and the Tongbai mountain, which passes through the county obliquely, forms the landform skeleton. The main vein of Tongbai mountain winds from west to East in the south of the county, which is the natural boundary between Henan Province and Hubei Province. The remaining veins extend to the middle, North and northeast, forming a large area of shallow mountains and hills. There are more than 800 peaks and more than 700 hills. The terrain is the highest in the south, followed by the top in the northeast, the middle part in the south, the East and West ends gradually lower, and the north gradually rises from west to East. Taibaiding, the main peak, is 1140 meters above sea level, the highest point in the county. Large area of flat land in the northwest, most of the other areas have different density, area of valley or basin distribution.

hydrology

Tongbai County is the birthplace of Huaihe River. The water system in the territory belongs to the Huaihe River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin, with Xiling in gumiao village of Huaiyuan town and xinpoling in Tumen village of Dahe Town as the watershed, Huaihe River Basin in the East and Yangtze River Basin in the West. There are 58 rivers in the county, including 10 with a drainage area of more than 100 square kilometers. There are 79 small and medium-sized reservoirs in the county, with surface water flow of 700 million cubic meters, groundwater reserves of 100 million cubic meters, rich water resources and complete water conservancy facilities.

natural resources

Mineral resources

56 kinds of mineral resources have been proved in the territory. The per capita resource share is 14 times that of the whole country, and the per square kilometer resource share is 25 times that of the whole country. Among them, there are the first reserves in Asia and the second reserves in the world, the largest open-pit gold mine in China and Tongbai silver mine, the first of the four largest silver mines in China. Petroleum and kyanite also occupy an important position in China.

In September 2016, the Department of land and resources of Henan Province discovered a super large gold mine in the deep and peripheral survey project of Laowan gold mine in Tongbai County, Henan Province, with a gold content of nearly 105 tons, which can be dug for 80 years. The gold mine is located in the deep and periphery of Laowan gold mine in Tongbai County, Tongbai mountain. The new cash resources are estimated to be 104960 kg and the associated silver resources are estimated to be 122038 kg. In addition to the discovery of extra large gold deposits, a large number of natural alkali and lead-zinc mineral resources have also been discovered. It is predicted that the gold prospecting potential in this area can reach 200 ~ 500 tons, and the silver is expected to reach 5000 tons. This area will become another important gold exploration base after Xiaoqinling and Waifangshan in Henan Province.

Animal and plant resources

Tongbai County is located in the North-South climate transition zone, with more than 1500 kinds of animal and plant resources. It has the largest "two pines" (Pinus elliottii and Pinus taeda) base in Henan Province, with a forest coverage rate of 51.5%. It is a national advanced county of science and technology and a key forestry county in Henan Province. Rich in papaya, mushrooms, chestnut, tea, pearl flower and other agricultural and sideline products, known as the "hometown of Chinese papaya.". There are more than 1000 kinds of genuine Chinese medicinal materials, such as Platycodon grandiflorum, Salvia miltiorrhiza, honeysuckle, etc. Platycodon grandiflorum and cinnabar red peach are identified as geographical indication products by AQSIQ.

administrative division

As of December 2013, Tongbai County has jurisdiction over 13 towns, 3 townships and 2 Parks: Chengguan Town, Yuehe Town, Guxian Town, Maoji Town, Dahe Town, Pingshi Town, Bujiang Town, Wucheng town and Huaiyuan town; Huilong Town, Huanggang Town, Zhuzhuang Town, Xinji Town, CHENGWAN Town, Anpeng town and Chengjiao town; County Industrial Cluster and Anpeng Chemical Industrial Park. The county people's government is located in Chengguan town.

Transportation

Railway: Nanjing Xi'an Railway (with Tongbai passenger and freight station from Nanjing to Xi'an); passenger trains at Tongbai station stop about 30 times a day, and passengers at Tongbai station can reach Nanyang, Xi'an, Lanzhou, Xining, Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Changsha, Nanning, Hefei, Nanchang, Xiamen, Hohhot, Suzhou, Ningbo, Shantou and other large and medium-sized cities.

Expressway: G40 Shanghai Shaanxi Expressway (from Shanghai to Xi'an) runs through the East and west of the county; S49 Jiaotong Expressway (from Jiaozuo to Tongbai, to Henan Hubei toll station, connecting with Suiyue Expressway) runs through the north and south of the county;

National Highway: 312 National Highway (from Shanghai to Yining, about 67 km long) runs through the county from east to west;

Provincial roads: S206 (Shangqiu Tongbai), S234 (Pingdingshan Tongbai), s329 (Pingshan Lushan Tongbai Yaozhuang), s335 (Zhumadian Xincai Tongbai to Nanyang Xixia);

Aviation: Tongbai County is 118 kilometers west of Nanyang Jiangying Airport (the second largest civil airport in Henan Province).

population

By 2000, the total population of the whole county was 403359, including 50425 in Chengguan Town, 36418 in Yuehe Town, 28603 in Wucheng Town, 24364 in Guxian Town, 39214 in Maoji Town, 14800 in Dahe Town, 37661 in Bujiang Town, 22714 in Pingshi Town, 21422 in Huaiyuan Town, 27409 in Chengjiao Township, 8696 in Huilong Township, 16259 in Huanggang Town, 12964 in Zhuzhuang Town, 29254 in Anpeng Town, 14762 in CHENGWAN town There are 18394 people in Xinji township.

In 2007, 4351 people were born in the county, with a birth rate of 10.66 ‰ and 1929 people died, with a mortality rate of 4.73 ‰. The natural growth rate is 5.93 ‰, the annual self increasing population is 2422, and the total population of the county at the end of the year is 438495, including 340324 agricultural population, accounting for 77.6% of the total population, and 98171 non-agricultural population, accounting for 22.3% of the total population.

Economics

In 2007, the GDP of Tongbai County was 5569.33 million yuan, an increase of 13.2% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 1377.39 million yuan, an increase of 6.4%; the added value of the secondary industry was 3170.24 million yuan, an increase of 15.3%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 1084.7 million yuan, an increase of 16.3%. The three industrial structure is 24.7:55.8:19.5. The added value of non-public ownership was 3508.68 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27%, accounting for 63% of GDP.

In 2013, the GDP of the county was 10.2 billion yuan, an increase of 10.5%; the investment in fixed assets was 11.68 billion yuan, an increase of 16%; the budget revenue of public finance was 543 million yuan, an increase of 15.4%; the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 19073 yuan, an increase of 11.3%; the per capita net income of farmers was 6420 yuan, an increase of 13.9%; the deposit balance of financial institutions was 8.213 billion yuan, and the balance of various loans was 4.063 billion yuan The balance of savings of urban and rural residents was 6.153 billion yuan.

On February 26, 2020, the people's Government of Henan Province approved Tongbai County to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county, officially lifting its hat.

primary industry

In 2007, the planting area of grain crops was 44.520 thousand hectares, an increase over the previous year

Chinese PinYin : He Nan Sheng Nan Yang Shi Tong Bai Xian