Huating City, Pingliang City, Gansu Province

Huating Huating City, belonging to Pingliang City, Gansu Province, is located in the east of Gansu Province. It is located at the intersection of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia provinces. Huating town was set up in 532, the second year of Jin Tai period in Northern Wei Dynasty. It is named after Huajian mountain Pavilion at the foot of Huangfu mountain. It has jurisdiction over 1 Street, 7 towns, 3 townships, 101 administrative villages and 27 communities, with a total area of 1183 square kilometers and a permanent population of 197000 in 2017.

Huating, known as the "porcelain capital of coal city", is a must pass of the ancient Silk Road. It is the core area and an important industrial town for the integrated industrial development of coal, electricity, chemistry and transportation in Gansu Province. It is one of the 13 coal production bases in China, one of the three coal production bases in Northwest China, and an important energy supply and freight distribution base in East Gansu. Huating Quzi opera is one of the first batch of intangible cultural heritages in China, and Ankou kiln in Ankou town in Ming Dynasty was listed as a famous kiln in China under the name of "Longshang kiln". In September 2017, Huating city won the national advanced collective of mass sports.

In 2017, Huating achieved a GDP of 4.942 billion yuan. On January 25, 2019, Huating city was selected as the national "safe agricultural machinery" Demonstration County in 2018.

On April 28, 2019, Gansu Provincial Government approved Huating city to withdraw from poverty-stricken counties.

Historical evolution

Cultural relics unearthed in Huating City show that there were people living and reproducing in Huating city in primitive society.

In the Shang Dynasty, Rui was in the south of Huating today, and later in the Zhou Dynasty.

In the Zhou Dynasty, when King Xiaowang of Zhou belonged to Qin, he was invaded by the army. In the eighth year of King Ping of Zhou (763 BC), Qin Fu controlled it. In the north of Huating today, it was the state of Lu at the end of the Shang Dynasty, and later it was rongna, belonging to Yiqu. In the 43rd year of King Hao of Zhou Dynasty (272 BC), Qin destroyed Yiqu and established Beidi county. In rongna County, Chaona county was established, and Huating county was located in the north.

In the Qin Dynasty, after the first emperor of Qin unified China, (today, the south part of Huating belongs to Wei), it belonged to the internal history; the north part belongs to Chaona, it belonged to beidijun.

In the Han Dynasty, when Emperor Jingdi of the Western Han Dynasty (156-141 BC), Mu Ma Yuan was widely set up, and Huchi yuan was built in Huating today. In the third year of the reign of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty (114 BC), Anding county was set up in Beidi County, Jingyang County in the southeast of Chaona County, and Huating County in the north. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Jingyang entered Chaona, and the north of Huating still belonged to Chaona. In the second year (2 years) of the first year of the reign of emperor Ping, a famine occurred, and an Min county was set up to settle the refugees. It was abolished in the fifth year (111 years) of the reign of emperor an in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In the south of Huating, it still belongs to Yu, which belongs to right Fufeng.

In the Three Kingdoms, Huating now belongs to Wei, the northern part belongs to anding County, Chaona county (once returned to Shu, later returned to Wei), and the southern part belongs to Fufeng County.

The Western Jin Dynasty remained unchanged. In the Sixteen States of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Pingliang county was set up in the west of Huating county (now the west of Huating county) in the pre Qin and post Qin (351-417).

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, quail Yin county was moved to the west of Huating County in the Northern Wei Dynasty, which is called Pingliang county. In the second year of Putai (532), Huating town was built, belonging to East Qinzhou. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, kuiyin county was abandoned.

Sui Dynasty, Daye first year (605), home Huating County, an anding county.

Tang Dynasty, the first year of Wude (618), Huating county is Longzhou. In the second year of chuigong (686), it was renamed tingchuan county (Huachuan County in the new book of Tang Dynasty); in the first year of Shenlong (705), it was renamed again. In the first year of Guangde (763), Huating was trapped in Tubo and recovered in the second year of Yongtai (766). In 773, Yining army was set up in Huating. Yuanhe three years (808) and Huating into Weiyuan County, for Shence military, still belongs to Longzhou.

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the first year of Tongguang (923) in the late Tang Dynasty, Yizhou was built in the original Huating. After Zhou Xiande six years (959), the restoration of Huating County, for the rule of Yizhou.

In the early Song Dynasty, Huating County belonged to Yizhou and Qinfeng road. In 964, Anhua County was located in the northwest of Huating county. In 977, Yizhou was changed to Yizhou instead of Zhao Guangyi. In chunhuazhong (around 1992), Chongxin County, which belongs to Fengxiang Prefecture, belongs to Yizhou. Xining five years (1072) abandoned Yizhou, Huating, Anhua, Chongxin three counties belong to Weizhou, still under Qinfeng road.

Weizhou was changed into Pingliang Prefecture in Jin Dynasty, and Huating county was Pingliang Prefecture, which was subordinate to Fengxiang road.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Huaping (formerly Anhua) was incorporated into Huating County, which belongs to Pingliang Prefecture and is located in gongchang Road, Zhongshu province.

In the Ming Dynasty, in the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), he was transferred to Zhongshu Province as the chief secretary. Huating belonged to Pingliang Prefecture and was subordinate to the Chief Secretary of Shaanxi Province.

In the early Qing Dynasty, Huating was attached to the right Chief Secretary of Shaanxi in Pingliang Prefecture. In the sixth year of Kangxi (1667), it was changed from the right Chief Secretary of Shaanxi to the Chief Secretary of gongchang. In the seventh year of Kangxi (1668), it was changed to the Chief Secretary of Gansu.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Huating County belonged to Longdong Road, Gansu Province, and was transformed into Jingyuan road. In 1927, it was changed into Jingyuan administrative region, which was directly under the province. In 1936, it was the second administrative supervision district of Gansu Province. On July 29, 1949, Huating county was liberated and belongs to Pingliang district.

In 1955, it belonged to Pingliang district.

Chongxin county was merged into Huating County in April 1958, and Huating county was merged into Pingliang City in December 1958.

In December 1961, Huating county was restored to Pingliang.

In 1969, it belonged to Pingliang area.

In June 2002, Pingliang district was set up as a city. Huating county is a prefecture level Pingliang City.

In August 2018, with the approval of the State Council, it was agreed that Gansu Province should abolish Huating county and establish a county-level Huating City, with the former administrative region of Huating County as the administrative region of Huating city. Huating Municipal People's government is located at No. 529, East Street, Donghua town. Huating city is directly under the provincial government, and Pingliang city is in charge of it. On December 18, 2018, the founding meeting of Huating city was held in Huating theater. At the meeting, Cai Zhongai, a member of the Party group of the Provincial Department of civil affairs, read out the reply of the Ministry of Civil Affairs on approving Gansu Province to abolish Huating county and establish a county-level Huating city; Mu Zhongqin, deputy director of the personnel working committee of the Standing Committee of Gansu Provincial People's Congress, read out the decision of the Standing Committee of Gansu Provincial People's Congress on issues related to the withdrawal of Huating county and establishment of a city.

administrative division

As of 2017, Huating has jurisdiction over 1 Street, 7 towns and 3 townships: Donghua street, Donghua Town, Ankou Town, Xihua Town, maxia Town, CEDI Town, Shangguan Town, Hexi Town, Shenyu Township, Shanzhai Township and Yanxia township. In addition, it administers an economic function zone: shibaozi development zone. The Municipal People's government is located in Donghua town.

geographical environment

Location context

Huating city is located in the east of Gansu Province and the east foot of Guanshan Mountain. It is located at the intersection of Gansu, Shaanxi and Ningxia provinces (regions). It is adjacent to Chongxin County in the East, Zhuanglang County and Jingyuan County of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in the west, Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous County and long county of Shaanxi Province in the south, and Kongtong District of Pingliang City in the north. The geographical coordinates are: 35 ° 1 ′ - 35 ° 24 ′ n, 106 ° 21 ′ - 106 ° 53 ′ e, 40 km wide from north to south, 46 km long from east to west, with a total area of 1183 square kilometers.

geology

Huating city is located in the southwest margin of Ordos platform. Its geological structure belongs to the spine of qiluhe mountain structure system the southern end of Helan fold belt and the composite part of Liupanshan cycle fold belt of Longxi rotation structure system. It contains Liupanshan depression and Ordos platform.

From bottom to top, the strata are Sinian, Ordovician, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, tertiary and Quaternary. The outcropping lithology is various, including conglomerate, intercalated sandstone, limestone, shale, sandy shale, feldspar, gneiss and sandstone. Under the interaction of wind, water, temperature and other natural forces, the soil was weathered into loose bodies of different sizes. Together with the scattered loess parent material intercepted by Guanshan, the gravel layer and red and loess parent material layer were formed in the third and fourth Cenozoic, which became the parent bed of Huating land.

Geomorphology and topography

Huating city is located in the eastern part of Gansu Province and the eastern foot of Guanshan Mountain. It is located in the Liupan Mountain fold belt and the transition zone of the eastern Loess Plateau. It belongs to the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau, which is composed of the middle and high mountains and the Loess Hilly and gully region. The average altitude is 1300 meters.

soil

The soil in Huating city is affected by climate, parent material, topography, vegetation, sequence of soil formation and human activities, forming the soil complex and diversity. According to the national four level classification system, it can be divided into 7 soil classes, 8 sub classes, 13 soil genera and 26 soil species.

climate

Huating city is located in the temperate and semi humid area of East Gansu, with monsoon climate in the hinterland of the mainland. The seasonal distribution is uneven, the summer is short and the winter is long, the winter and spring are dry and windy, the summer and autumn are wet and rainy, the average annual evaporation is 1320.7mm, and the dryness is 0.9.

air temperature

The annual average temperature of Huating city was below 0 ℃ for 109 days from November 20 to March 8 of the next year. The average annual temperature in Huating is 7.7 ℃, the average temperature in the hottest month (July) is 20.19 ℃, the average temperature in the coldest month (January) is - 6.14 ℃, and the annual range is 26.33 ℃.

ground temperature

The average annual surface temperature of Huating city is 10.5 ℃, which is 2.8 ℃ higher than the average annual temperature. The average ground temperature in the hottest month (July) is 24.5 ℃, and that in the coldest month (January) is - 4.9 ℃.

hydrology

In Huating City, there are three major water systems, I River, Heihe River and I River, and seven rivers, I River, CEDI River, Nanchuan River, Shangguan River, Shenyu River and Ma'an River, with a total length of 172.2 km. The total length of Weihe River is 113.2 km, flowing into Jinghe River through Chongxin and Jingchuan counties. Heihe River is mainly Shenyu River in the city, with a total length of 26 kilometers. It is formed by the confluence of Chenjiahe River and Qiulin River in Shangguan township at Xiaguan, Shenyu Township, and passes through liujiahe River in Shenyu township to Chongxin in the East. Weihe River is a tributary of Weihe River, which flows southward into Weihe River.

natural resources

Mineral resources

The main mineral deposits in Huating city are coal, clay, crucible mud, limestone, quartz sand, etc. Among them, the coal reserves are 3.374 billion tons (2010), accounting for 40% of the coal reserves in Gansu Province

Chinese PinYin : Gan Su Sheng Ping Liang Shi Hua Ting Shi