Yizhou District, Hami City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Yizhou District Yizhou district is under the jurisdiction of Hami City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Located in the east of Xinjiang, it is the gateway of Xinjiang to the mainland and an important town on the ancient "Silk Road". It is adjacent to Jiuquan City in Gansu Province in the East, Mulei County in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture and Shanshan County in Turpan in the west, Ruoqiang County in Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture in the south, Tianshan Mountain in the north, Yiwu county and Balikun County in the north, and Mongolia in the northeast with a 46 km border.

In the Han Dynasty, it was called Yiwulu. Hami Wei was set up in Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, the hall of Zhili in Hami was set up. Hami county was established in 1913. Hami City was established in 1961. In 1983, Hami county was merged into Hami City. In 2016, it was changed to Yizhou district.

In 2010, the GDP of Yizhou District reached 13.456 billion yuan, an increase of 17.5%. In 2019, Yizhou District governs 5 streets, 7 towns, 10 townships and 2 ethnic townships, with a total area of 81794 square kilometers. In 2013, the population of the whole district (formerly Hami City at county level) was 460000. In October 2018, it was selected as one of the top 100 green development zones in China in 2018. On January 25, 2019, it was selected as the national "safe agricultural machinery" Demonstration County in 2018.

Evolution of organizational system

In ancient times, Hami was called Ximo (Ximu), gujundi, kunmo, Yiwu or Yiwulu in Han Dynasty, Yizhou in Tang Dynasty, hamili in Yuan Dynasty, and Hami after Ming Dynasty. In prehistoric times, a large number of ground stone tools were found from SANDAOLING and qijiaojing, which can prove that the ancestors of Hami people had already multiplied here in the Neolithic Age of primitive society 7000 years ago. Since the 20th century BC, many nationalities have lived in this oasis.

Han Dynasty

In the Western Han Dynasty (206-220 B.C.), Hami was called Yiwulu. In the second year of shenjue (60 B.C.), the Western Han Dynasty set up the Duhufu of the western regions. Yiwulu and Pu Lei were under the jurisdiction of Duhufu of the western regions. From the Eastern Han Dynasty, Hami was called Yiwu. Yihe Duwei was set up in Yiwu in the 16th year of Yongping (73), and Yiwu Sima was set up by Emperor Shun in 131.

The Three Kingdoms, the two Jin Dynasties and the northern and Southern Dynasties

During the Three Kingdoms period and the Wei Jin period, Wei still set up the Duwei of Yihe in Hami. In the second year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (327), Zhang Jungong, a former Liang state located in Hexi, took Yiwu as the governor of Dunhuang County, which was equivalent to a county. Zhang Jun's appointment of Suofu as the commander of Yiwu is regarded as the beginning of the establishment of counties.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, Tang Qi, Tang He and his brother, together with Li Bao, the nephew, led the rest of the tribe to escape from Wuwei (Liangzhou). Yiwuyi was attached to Rouran. There were more than 2000 families. Rouran ordered Tangqi to be king Yiwu.

In the second year of Tai'an in the Northern Wei Dynasty (456), the generals and soldiers of Dunhuang town once occupied Yiwu. With the further expansion of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Rouran Khanate collapsed. In 488, gaoyangzi, the leader of ruran Yiwu City, surrendered to Yiwu county. This is the earliest administrative establishment in Hami.

Sui and Tang Dynasties

In the early Sui Dynasty, Emperor Wen sent Yuanhui out of Yiwu to contact Datou Khan of Western Turks. Later, the envoys of Tatou Khan and Tatou Khan himself went to the Sui Dynasty through Yiwu successively, and received special courtesy from Emperor Wen.

In 608, Emperor Yang sent Pei Ju and general Xue Shixiong to lead troops to Yiwu. The Sui army built another new city in the east of Yiwu City, which is called new Yiwu. In the sixth year of Daye (610), Yiwu county was established, and Rouyuan town was set up in the northeast of Yiwu City. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Yiwu belonged to Western Turks.

In the fourth year of Zhenguan (630) of the Tang Dynasty, the city leader of Yiwu was attached by seven cities, and Taizong was located in xiyizhou. Two years later, I went to the west to call it Illinois. It has jurisdiction over Yiwu (now Hami), Rouyuan (now Qincheng) and Nazhi (now Sibao).

In the fourth year of Jinglong (710), Yiwu army was set up, which was stationed in ganluchuan (today's Barkol River) in the northwest of Yizhou.

In the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), Yizhou was renamed Yiwu County, under the jurisdiction of Longyou road. In the third year of Tianbao (744), Uighur in the East rose and Pu Lei was its territory. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Yiwu county was renamed Yizhou. After the second year of Guangde (764), Yiwu was occupied by the Tubo people for about 90 years.

Five Dynasties, Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty

In 1124 ad, Yizhou and Pu belonged to the Western Liao Dynasty.

At the beginning of the 13th century, the Mongols rose in Mobei. In the second year of song Jiading (1206), boerzhi Tiemuzhen (Genghis Khan) was a Mongolian Khan. Three years later, the Jinchen of the Uighur "yiduhu" in Xizhou belonged to Mongolia. After Hami was attached to Mongolia, it did not merge into Gaochang and became a part of Gaochang. Instead, it was a local power coexisting with Gaochang.

In the 11th year of Chunhu (1251) of the Southern Song Dynasty, mengxianzong built a new province named hamili in Xizhou Uighur.

In 1279, Kublai Khan defeated the Southern Song Dynasty and established the capital of Dadu (now Beijing). He appointed ajiji, the great grandson of Chagatai, to guard Bishi Bali, and had jurisdiction over the garrison forces of the people who feared my son Hala fire (Gaochang) and hamili in the South Tianshan Road.

In 1281, Gansu Province was established, and Hami was under the jurisdiction of Gansu Province.

In the sixth year of yanzuo (1319), the emperor ordered hamili people and Weiwuer people (i.e. Gaochang people) to sue each other, which could be handled by their own leaders. If they argued with other people, they would be tried jointly by their own leaders and local officials. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, wunashili, a descendant of Chagatai, was king of Weiwu. After the fall of the Yuan Dynasty, wunashili was independent and called Hami state.

Ming Dynasty

In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang called himself Emperor in Jinling (today's Nanjing). After the death of the Yuan Dynasty, wunashili, the Weiwu king who temporarily stayed in Hami, became king of Hami. In 1393, the 26th year of Hongwu, wunashili died of illness and his younger brother anktemur succeeded him.

In the second year of Yongle of Ming Dynasty (1404), anktemur was appointed king of Zhongshun. Two years later, Hami garrison was set up, with commanders, 1000 households, 100 households and other officials.

In the third year of Chenghua (1467) of the Ming Dynasty, because the throne of the king Zhongshun of Hami had been vacant for a long time, the leaders of all ethnic groups strongly recommended that the Ming Court promoted tamur (the people of Weiwu'er) to the right governor, acting as the king. Five years later, tamur died, and his son Hanshen asked for his father's post. The court only allowed him to be the right governor, but did not allow him to be in charge of state affairs. In Hami, there is still no king to take charge of, and there is no decree to be issued.

Hami local kingdom was granted in 1380 and occupied by Turpan Khan in 1514. After 11 generations, it lasted 135 years. After that, the Turpan Khan was exhausted, and its territory was gradually occupied by Kashgar Khan (later the capital was moved to Yeerqiang, historically known as Yeerqiang Khanate) established by the queen of Chagatai, and Hami became the eastern territory of the Khan.

The Qing Dynasty

In the 37th year of Kangxi reign (1698), the Qing government sent officials to Hami to establish a flag team according to the rules of the Mongolian king, which was designated as the Mongolian xianghonghui flag, and appointed officials and assistants.

In the 56th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1717), Hami was built and returned to the city, named Zhenyuan city. The fifth year of Yongzheng (1727) built Hami Seoul (today's old city). Yongzheng seven years (1729 years) to nine years (1731 years), xiubalkul Seoul. Qianlong 37 years (1772), the city of xiubal Kur, Huining city. In 1869, Hami new town was built.

In 1731, the Qing government moved the Tongzhi of Anxi prefecture to balkul. Since then, there have been administrative organs in balkul. Anxi Tongzhi is subordinate to Gansu buzhengshi. In 1759, the Hami hall was set up to manage the civil affairs outside the jurisdiction of the Hui king and also under the jurisdiction of Gansu. The next year, he set up a minister in Hami and a leader in balkul.

In the 38th year of Qianlong reign of Qing Dynasty (1773), Zhenxi Prefecture and balkul road were set up. Yihe county and Qitai County were under the jurisdiction of the prefecture, and Yihe county was under the jurisdiction of the prefecture. Zhenxifu also belongs to Gansu Province. In 1776, balkuerdao moved to Dihua and was renamed zhendidao. Xianfeng five years (1885), the town west government to the town west Zhili hall. Yihe county is under the jurisdiction of the Department, while Qitai County is under the jurisdiction of Dihua. On August 16, 1881, Hami hall was transferred from Anxi road to Zhendi road. On November 17, 1884, the tenth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, Xinjiang Province was established, which was divided into four branches. Zhendi road was subordinate to Xinjiang province. The next year, Hami hall was upgraded to Hami Zhili hall. Zhili hall in Hami includes today's Hami and Yiwu.

The period of the Republic of China

In 1913, the office of Zhili in Hami was changed to Hami county.

Huiwang territory has its own system, which is not under the management of county government. It was not until the abolition of the queen Hui of Hami in 1930 that the Hui kingdom was unified into the government system.

The period of the people's Republic of China

In 1950, Hami District Office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision was set up under the jurisdiction of Hami county.

On January 4, 1954, Zhenxi county was renamed Barkol county. On September 30, Balikun County implemented regional ethnic autonomy and established Balikun Kazakh autonomous region. The central area of qijiaojing was abolished and qijiaojing town (township level town) was set up under the leadership of Hami county.

In 1955, Balikun Kazak Autonomous Region was renamed Balikun Kazak Autonomous County. Under the jurisdiction of Hami Prefecture.

In 1961, based on the cities and towns of Hami County, including five urban communes, such as locomotive, Tielong, iron and steel, Xianxian, Hongqi, and rocket farm, Hami City was established under the leadership of Hami special office.

In 1962, Hami City was abolished and merged into Hami county.

On January 6, 1977, the State Council re established Hami City (a county-level city). It is under the jurisdiction of Hami region.

On September 9, 1983, Hami county was merged into Hami City. It is still under the jurisdiction of Hami.

On January 7, 2016, the State Council issued an official reply, agreeing to abolish Hami Prefecture and county level Hami City, and set up Hami City

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