Nan'ao County, Shantou City, Guangdong Province

Nan'ao County, belonging to Shantou City, Guangdong Province, is located in the sea surface at the junction of Fujian, Guangdong and Taiwan. It is between 116 ° 53 ′ - 117 ° 19 ′ E and 23 ° 11 ′ - 23 ° 32 ′ n. It is composed of Nan'ao Island and 33 surrounding islands, of which the main island is 111.44 square kilometers, the sea area is 4600 square kilometers, and the total area is 113.8 square kilometers.

Nan'ao County is the closest point of Guangdong Province to Taiwan Province, 162 nautical miles away from Kaohsiung. It is located in the center of the three major ports of Kaohsiung, Xiamen and Hong Kong, and only 7 nautical miles away from the main international route of the Pacific Ocean. It is known as the "Chaoshan barrier, the throat of Fujian and Guangdong". Nan'ao County is the only island county in Guangdong Province and the only national 4A tourist area in China. It has a superior geographical location. Since ancient times, Nan'ao has been the necessary berthing point and transit station for trading in the southeast coastal area. It is an important channel for maritime trade and is known as the "land of mutual market on the sea".

Xiangshan Culture, unearthed in Nan'ao about 8000 years ago, is the earliest Neolithic cultural remains in eastern Guangdong. In the 6th year of Yuanding (111 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty, Nan'ao began to enter the territory and was under the jurisdiction of Jieyang County, Nanhai county. In the third year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1575), the deputy chief of Nan'ao was appointed, and in the 24th year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (1685), the chief of Nan'ao was promoted. In 1912, it was changed to Nan'ao County. The emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, King Lu of the Southern Ming Dynasty, navigator Zheng He, national heroes Qi Jiguang, Zheng Chenggong and Liu Yongfu all came to Nan'ao, leaving many historical sites such as ancient song wells, recruiting trees and xiongzhenguan.

In 2018, Nan'ao County governs three towns. In 2019, the permanent resident population of Nan'ao County is 62600, and the gross domestic product (GDP) is 293289 million yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry is 10124.7 million yuan, the added value of the secondary industry is 3142.4 million yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry is 1606.18 billion yuan, the three industrial structure is 34.5:10.7:54.8, and the per capita GDP is 46885 yuan.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

Nanao was once known as "Daonan", "Yingnan", "Jingao" and "Baicheng". Its origin:

South Island: before the northern and Southern Dynasties, the residents of Nan'ao mainly lived in Yun'ao, which was in the south of the main island, so it was called "South Island".

Yingnan: in 523, Yian County in Chaozhou was renamed Yingzhou. Nan'ao was to the south of Yingzhou, so it was called "Yingnan".

Jing'ao: it is said that there is an ancient well in the school yard of Shen'ao. The water is clear and sweet, so it is called Jing'ao. The annals of Nan'ao (compiled by Qi Chong) contains: "Zhang Xueju said: Nan'ao is also the ancient Jing'ao. There is an ancient well in the north of the city. It is said that Nan'ao is a well, so it is called "Jing'ao".

Baicheng: in the fourth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1576), Bai Hanji, the first deputy general of Nan'ao, was appointed. He built the city in the enclosure of Shen'ao and died of illness. In memory of his achievements, Nan'ao is called "white city".

Nan'ao: Nan'ao used to be the name of Yun'ao, which is said to have existed in the Sui Dynasty. South means that in the south, Australia is a place where ships can berth in the Gulf. According to the records of Dongli (compiled by Chen Tianzi) of the Ming Dynasty, "in 1180, Yang Wanli put Guangdong in prison. First, the pirates committed crimes in Nan'ao, and Wan Li ordered all the prefectures and soldiers to make peace. The name of Nan'ao was found at the beginning of the record. Since then, Nan'ao has become the title of the main island.

History of construction

In the Paleolithic age, people lived and multiplied in Nan'ao County.

In the Neolithic age, the Xiangshan cultural site in Nan'ao, Chaoshan, about 8000 years ago, is a representative of the early southern marine culture.

In the Shang Dynasty, it was in Nanyue. The Fubin cultural site in Raoping, Chaoshan, 3000 years ago, is a cultural relic of the Shang Dynasty.

The Western Zhou Dynasty and the spring and Autumn period were in the state of Yang Yue.

During the Warring States period, it was a place of Guangdong.

In Qin and Han Dynasties, it was Jieyang County of Nanhai county.

After the Three Kingdoms, Jieyang was changed to Yangzhou, and Nan'ao still belonged to Jieyang county.

In 331, Nan'ao belonged to Jieyang County, Dongguan county.

In the ninth year of the reign of Jin Yixi (413), it was divided into Dongguan County, Jieyang county and liyi'an county. It had jurisdiction over sui'an, Haining, Haiyang, Chaoyang and Yizhao counties. Nan'ao belonged to sui'an and Haiyang counties.

Sui kaihuang ten years (590 years) strike County, change Haiyang County for Yi'an County, under the state, Nan'ao belongs to Yi'an county. In the 11th year of kaihuang reign, Chaozhou was established and Haiyang county was established. Nan'ao belonged to Haiyang county. Sui Daye three years (607), the restoration of Yian County, South Australia is Yian County Haiyang county.

In 621, Yian county was called Chaozhou, and Nan'ao was Haiyang County of Chaozhou. In the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), Chaozhou was renamed Chaoyang County, and Nan'ao was subordinate to Chaoyang County and Haiyang county. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Chaoyang County was renamed Chaozhou, and Nan'ao was Chaozhou Haiyang county.

In 945, Nan'ao still belonged to Haiyang County of Chaozhou.

In 1121, the third year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty, 1132, 1279 and 1369, Nan'ao still belonged to Haiyang county.

Ming Chenghua 21 years (1485), home Raoping County, xinningdu, Nan'ao Chaozhou Prefecture Raoping County xinningdu. In the third year of Wanli (1575) of the Ming Dynasty, Nanao set up Zhang and Chao Deputy commanders, and Shenao was set up in the town. It was divided into Fujian and Guangdong battalions. Shenao and Longao belonged to Raoping County, Chaozhou Prefecture, Guangdong Province, while yunao and Qingao belonged to Zhaoan County, Zhangzhou Prefecture, Fujian Province. In 1576, Nan'ao town was established, belonging to Chaozhou Prefecture of Guangdong Province.

In the second year of Longwu (1646) of the Southern Ming Dynasty, Nan'ao belonged to Zheng Chenggong's vassal area (Zheng Chenggong still served in the zhengshuo year of Yongli, king of Guangxi).

In 1663, Nan'ao town demoted Du Hui to Qing Dynasty and immigrated to the mainland. In the 24th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign, Nan'ao set up a general army, under which there were two guerrillas, commanding Fujian Guangdong boat division, and dividing them into Fujian and Guangdong battalions. Shen'ao and Long'ao belonged to Chaozhou Prefecture of Guangdong Province, while Yun'ao and qing'ao belonged to Zhangzhou Prefecture of Fujian Province. In 1663, Chaozhou government analyzed the Longao and Shenao of Raoping County, Zhangzhou government analyzed the yunao and Qingao of Zhaoan County, set up Nanao hall, and built it according to the example of Zhaozhou county. In the 13th year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty, the inspection department of Guangdong, Fujian and Nan'ao was set up to inspect the warehouse. In 1911, when the national system was reformed, the local order became chaotic. The officials and gentry of Nan'ao agreed to maintain the local order. The next year, the general town government was changed to the military government and Tongzhi to the chief of civil affairs.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Daofu was abolished and the Department was changed into a county. Nan'ao was under the jurisdiction of the Guangdong patrol envoy. In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), chaoxun was set up. Yunao and Qingao were put under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province, ending the co management system of the two provinces. In the ninth year of the Republic of China (1920), Chaozhou was abandoned, and the governor of Chaozhou was directly under the central government. The fifth administrative supervision area was set up under the old Chaozhou government (except Tai Po), and the commissioner was set up. Nan'ao was the fifth administrative supervision area. In January 1932, the eastern appeasement Committee Office was established, and Nan'ao was under its jurisdiction. In October 1936, the national government withdrew the office of the eastern appeasement Committee and set up a special office of the Fifth District administrative inspector.

In June 1938, the Japanese invaders invaded Australia, and Nan'ao was occupied; in 1940, Nan'ao was under the jurisdiction of the special office of the administrative inspector of the puppet eastern region. In 1942, a county government was set up in Nan'ao. Haishan island of Raoping County was under the jurisdiction of Nan'ao, which was called the fourth district (later under the jurisdiction of Raoping County). On September 24, 1945, Japan surrendered and Nan'ao was demobilized.

On February 23, 1950, Nan'ao was liberated. On June 1, Nan'ao County People's government was established. From October 1, it was under the jurisdiction of Chaoshan Office of Guangdong Provincial People's government.

In 1952, the eastern Guangdong administrative office was established, and South Australia was under its jurisdiction. In June of the same year, the organizational system of Nan'ao County was abolished and renamed as Nan'ao special zone of Chenghai county. In May of the next year, the county-level system of Nan'ao was restored, and it was still under the jurisdiction of the eastern Guangdong administrative office. On November 16, 1956, with the approval of the State Council, the eastern Guangdong administrative region was withdrawn and Shantou special region was established. Nan'ao was under the jurisdiction of Shantou special region. In November 1958, the county-level system of Nan'ao was abolished, and its administrative region was named Raoping County Nan'ao people's commune (approved by the State Council on March 20, 1959). On November 13 of the next year, Nanao county system was restored and Nanao County People's Committee was established.

In March 1968, Nanao County Revolutionary Committee was established under the leadership of Shantou regional Revolutionary Committee. On November 22, 1975, Nan'ao County was still under the leadership of Shantou regional Revolutionary Committee. On January 1, 1980, Shantou regional Revolutionary Committee was renamed Shantou regional administrative office, and Nan'ao was under its jurisdiction. In December of the same year, Nan'ao County People's government was restored under the jurisdiction of Shantou regional administrative office.

On December 22, 1983, Shantou district administrative office was abolished and Shantou City was established. Nan'ao County was under the jurisdiction of Shantou City.

administrative division

Division evolution

Before the Republic of China

In the sixth year of Yuanding (111 B.C.) of the Western Han Dynasty, Nan'ao was founded in Jieyang County of Nanhai county.

In the 20th year of Hongwu (1387) of Ming Dynasty, the court ordered the Australians to immigrate to Haimen garrison. In the second year of Yongle (1404), the Australians returned home to cultivate. In the seventh year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty, they moved to suwandu, Haiyang County, where they lived. Therefore, Nan'ao became a nest of pirates. In the third year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1575), the deputy chief of Nan'ao was set up. The first Bai Hanji built a town in Shen'ao. He set up the general headquarters of the Chinese army and siqinyi, and divided them into Fujian and Guangdong battalions. The areas of Long'ao and Shen'ao were under the jurisdiction of Raoping County, Chaozhou Prefecture, and the areas of Yun'ao and qing'ao were under the jurisdiction of Zhao'an County, Zhangzhou Prefecture. In the second year of Longwu (1646), Nan'ao belonged to Zheng Chenggong.

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