Huailai County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province

Huailai County Huailai County belongs to Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province. It is located in the northwest of Hebei Province, adjacent to Beijing in the East and Zhang Jinmeng in the West. Shacheng town is 120 km away from Beijing in the East and 87 km away from Zhangjiakou City in the West. Huailai County, with a total area of 1801 square kilometers, has jurisdiction over 11 towns, 6 townships and 279 administrative villages. Among them, 6 townships and 17 villages are respectively bordered by Yanqing, Changping and Mentougou in Beijing, with a border length of 115 km. The total population of the county is 365000, the forest coverage rate is 50.8%, and the average number of days with air quality above grade II is 224. Huailai is one of the first batch of grain base counties in Hebei Province and the "double ring" vegetable basket base in Hebei Province. It is the hometown of grape and wine in China. It is one of the top 100 counties of national economic forest construction, a National Garden County, an important water source of the capital, and the hometown of Dong Cunrui, a national fighting hero.

On January 19, 2017, Huailai County was rated as one of the "top ten counties" of Hebei Province in 2016. On December 13, 2018, Huailai County was selected into the list of agricultural products advantage areas with Chinese characteristics. In November 2019, it will be included in the list of the second batch of counties (districts) meeting the water-saving society construction standards. On March 4, 2020, it was rated as the national new industrialization demonstration base by the Ministry of industry and information technology. In September 2020, it will be included in the list of food industry strong counties (cities, districts) (cultivation type) in Hebei Province. On October 20, 2020, it will be included in the list of national double support model cities (counties).

history

Origin of county name

Since its establishment, Huailai has had the names of JuYang, Huairong, Guichuan and Huailai. JuYang was first seen in Qin Dynasty. In 221 BC, the first emperor of Qin completed the great cause of unification and divided the world into 36 counties. The 15th county was Shanggu County, and Huailai belonged to JuYang county. Huairong was first seen in the Northern Qi Dynasty. Huailai had lost its establishment for more than 100 years because of the war, so it was named "Huairong", which means "pacifying ethnic minorities and eliminating hostility". Huailai was first found in Liao Dynasty. In 916 ad, the Taizu of Liao Dynasty established the rule of prefectures and counties, changed Huairong to Huailai, removed the word "Rong" which despised the minorities, and exchanged the word "Lai" for submission. In the sixth year of jinmingchang, Huailai changed its name from Guishui River to Guichuan river. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was also called Huailai, which is still in use today.

Historical evolution

In the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, Huailai belonged to Shanggu County of Yan state; in the Qin Dynasty, Huailai belonged to JuYang County, the seat of Shanggu County; in the northern and Southern Dynasties, Huailai belonged to the Northern Wei Dynasty; in the Sui Dynasty, Huailai belonged to Huairong County of Zhuo County; in the Tang Dynasty, Huailai belonged to Huairong County of Guizhou, Hebei Province; in the Liao Taizu period (916 AD), Huailai County was named; in the Jin Dynasty, Guichuan county was renamed Huailai County was renamed Huailai County in Yuan Dynasty; Huailai County was renamed huailaiwei in the early Ming Dynasty, and the military governor's office was established after Zhili; Huailai County was renamed Yanming County in the 32nd year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1693 AD); Huailai County was liberated at the end of 1948. Huailai city was built in the Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Wu Zetian (685-688 A.D.), the Qing Yi military city was set up here as the location of guizhouzhi. In 1951, due to the construction of Guanting reservoir, a famous city with a history of more than 1200 years was submerged. The county government moved to Shacheng town.

Administrative division

Huailai County governs 11 towns and 6 townships: Shacheng Town, beixinbao Town, xinbaoan Town, donghuayuan Town, Guanting Town, sangyuan Town, Cunrui Town, Tutu Town, dahuangzhuang Town, xibali Town, xiaonanxinbao Town, Langshan Town, jimingyi Town, dongbali Town, ruiyunguan Town, sunzhuangzi Town, wangjialou Hui town. 279 administrative villages. Shacheng town is the seat of the county.

Population nationality

In 2016, the total population of Huailai County was 365000, including 140000 urban population and 225000 agricultural population. There were 24 ethnic groups, including Han, Hui, man, Meng, Yi, Zhuang and Korean, among which the Han population was the largest, accounting for 98% of the total population of the county. Among the ethnic minorities, Hui and Manchu have a large population, accounting for more than 98% of the ethnic minority population, mainly concentrated in wangjialou Hui Township.

geographical environment

geographical position

Huailai County is located in the northwest of Hebei Province, on the north side of Yanshan Mountains and the upper reaches of Yongding River. Its geographical coordinates are 115 ° E and 40 ° n. It borders Yanqing, Changping and Mentougou districts of Beijing in the southeast, Xuanhua and Xiahuayuan districts in the northwest, Zhuolu County in the southwest and Chicheng County in the north. Huailai County is a transportation hub connecting the capital and the northwest, and a window for Zhangjiakou City to open up to the outside world. Shacheng Town, where the county government is located, is 120 kilometers away from Beijing in the East and 87 kilometers away from Zhangjiakou City in the West.

geology

Huailai is a mountainous area of Yanshan Mountains. The branches of Yanshan Mountains extend to the northwest and southwest. The mountains in the north and south of Huailai County are surrounded by mountains, covering an area of 749.22km2, accounting for 41.6% of the total area of Huailai County. There are more than 40 peaks above 1000 meters above sea level. Dahaituo mountain and Yanran mountain are distributed in the northern part of the county, forming the northern mountain, with the main peaks of Jiming mountain, Babao mountain and Shuikou mountain; Jundu mountain is distributed in the southern edge of the county, forming the southern mountain, with the main peaks of Bijia mountain and guangtuo mountain. The north and South Mountains form the natural barrier of Huailai Basin. In the middle is a "V" shaped basin, commonly known as "Huailai Basin". Guanting reservoir is located in the middle of the basin. There are three mobile dunes in the area. There are two places near Longbaoshan in xiaonanxinbao town on the South Bank of Guanting Reservoir: "Longbaoshan sand dune", which covers an area of 37000 square meters and is about 12 meters high; "Tianmo sand dune", which covers an area of 135000 square meters and is about 15 meters high. "Mishaliang" in the east of zhuguantun village, dahuangzhuang Town, North Bank of Yanghe River covers an area of 180000 square meters and is about 15 meters high. The formation of these dunes has a long history, and most of them are moon type and Longgang type. According to records, mishaliang has moved about 300 meters eastward in the past 40 years. The other two dunes are moving eastward at a rate of 2-3 m per year. The eastward movement of sand dunes and the desertification of land have posed a serious threat to the ecological environment of Beijing, which has aroused the great attention of the central leadership.

landforms

Huailai County has an average altitude of 792 meters. The lowest point is in the valley of Youzhou village, with an altitude of 394 meters. The highest point is Dahei peak of Shuikou mountain, with an altitude of 1977.6 meters. Shacheng Town, the county seat, has an altitude of 535 meters. The landform of Huailai County mainly includes River Plain, hill and mountain. The area of river plain is 602 km2, accounting for 33.4% of the total area; the area of hill is 450 km2, accounting for 25% of the total area; the area of mountain is 749 km2, accounting for 41.6% of the total area.

climate

Huailai County is located in the middle temperate semi-arid region, which belongs to the temperate continental monsoon climate. It has four distinct seasons, sufficient light, the same season of rain and heat, and large temperature difference between day and night. The annual average sunshine hours are 3027 hours, and the frost free period is 149 days. According to the meteorological data, the maximum temperature is 42.2 ℃, the minimum temperature is - 23.3 ℃, and the average temperature is 9.1 ℃. The average annual precipitation is 396 mm, and there are more mountains in the north and South; the average annual wind speed is 2.3 m / s. The main meteorological disasters are sandstorm, drought, hail, frost and so on.

The average temperature in January is − 7.4 ℃, the average temperature in July is 24.4 ℃, and the average annual temperature is 9.6 ℃, which is a warm temperate continental monsoon climate. Huailai County has a mid temperate semi-arid monsoon climate, with four distinct seasons, sufficient light, rainy and hot seasons, and large daily temperature difference. Spring is often affected by cold air, the weather is changeable, dry, less rain and windy. In summer, affected by the Pacific subtropical high pressure, the weather is warm and humid, and the precipitation increases. In autumn, with the movement of subtropical high pressure in the Pacific, the warm and humid air flow gradually weakens, the dry and cold air flow from northwest strengthens, and the weather becomes clear and cool. In winter, cold air activities are frequent, and the weather is very cold with little snow. The average annual temperature in Huailai is 9.6 ℃, and the total annual precipitation is about 370 mm.

hydrology

There are Yongding River, Sanggan River, Yanghe River and Guishui River in Huailai County, which flow into Guanting reservoir. There are 14 seasonal secondary rivers, such as Dongsha River, Xisha River, Lingquan River, Shihe River, dongshagou River, waijinggou River, shuiguandagou River, etc. It is characterized by large gradient, poor vegetation and serious soil erosion.

traffic

Huailai County has Beijing Baotou, fengsha, Daqin and Shawei railways, with a total length of more than 160 kilometers and 17 stations, which is one of the counties with the largest number of county-level stations in China. Among them, Shacheng station is the hub of all railways, which is the first-class section station in China. Beijing suburban line S2 extends here, which is the first suburban railway from Beijing to Hebei, speeding up the urbanization and commuting between Beijing and Huailai The process of urbanization. The total mileage of highways in Huailai County is 3065.76 km, including 102.139 km of expressways, 317.621 km of national and provincial trunk roads, 326 km of county roads, 780 km of township roads and 1540 km of village roads. The highway density of the whole county will reach 170.22 km / 100 square kilometers. Beijing Tibet and Beijing Xinjiang expressways run through the whole territory from east to west. There are six expressways in the territory, including donghuayuan, beixinbao, Tutu, Shacheng, dongbali and jimingyi. Among them, the civil engineering exit realizes the interchange transformation of Jinghua, Jingzang Expressway and National Highway 110 by four storey crossing, which is the largest composite hub interchange exit in North China. National Highway 110, Baoping, Kangqi and other highways crisscross. In 2013, Beijing bus 880 opened to the county. In 2015, the construction of the cross Guanting Lake urban expressway was started, and the Beijing Zhangjiakou high-speed railway was completed and opened to traffic in 2019. Huailai and donghuayuan North stations were set up in our county to integrate into the half-hour economic circle of Beijing. In 2015, 120 new energy buses were put into operation, 18 lines and 5 special lines for scenic spots were opened and reconstructed, realizing the full coverage of new energy buses in the county.

social undertakings

In 2016, the GDP of Huailai County reached 14.49 billion yuan, the total fiscal revenue was 2.35 billion yuan, and the per capita production of Huailai County was 1.9 billion yuan

Chinese PinYin : He Bei Sheng Zhang Jia Kou Shi Huai Lai Xian