Hezuo City, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province

Hezuo city is located in the northeast end of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, at the junction of Gansu, Qinghai and Sichuan provinces, connecting Zhuoni County in the East, Luqu County in the south, Xiahe County in the west, Hezheng and Linxia counties in the north. National Highway 213 and provincial highway 306 run through the city. They are the main traffic routes from the mainland to Qinghai and Tibet, 226 kilometers away from the provincial capital Lanzhou. They are the capital of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, as well as the political, economic, cultural, technological and financial center of the prefecture. Hezuo is transliterated as "heicuo" in Tibetan, which means the place where antelopes haunt. Hezuo town was established in 1956 under the jurisdiction of Xiahe County. The cooperative city was established in May 1996 with the approval of the State Council. It was established in 1997 and officially put into operation on January 1, 1998. The city now governs 6 townships, 4 streets, 39 villager committees, 8 communities and 249 villager groups. There are 18 ethnic groups including Tibetan, Han and Hui in the city.

By the end of 2017, the city's permanent resident population was 95000, an increase of 11000 over the end of the previous year, including 54200 urban residents, an increase of 2100.

The total land area of the city is 2670 square kilometers, including 2.61 million mu for animal husbandry, 153600 mu for agriculture and 778700 mu for forestry. The new urban planning area is 17.10 square kilometers, and the built-up area is 8.68 square kilometers. The average altitude of the area is 2960 meters, the average annual temperature is 1.7 ℃, and there is no absolute frost free period.

On September 29, 2018, the people's Government of Gansu Province approved Hezuo city to withdraw from poverty-stricken counties.

Historical evolution

As far back as the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, cooperation was an important northern fortress where Wuge Yuanjian, the leader of the ancient Western Qiang, established the Qiang regime.

During the middle Tang Dynasty, Tuyuhun, a nomadic ethnic group in Northwest China, established its capital in Wuhan area, 80 kilometers north of Hezuo, and opened up the famous "South Silk Road" connecting western regions, Tibet and India in the West and Central Plains and Xishu in the south.

After the Qing Dynasty, Hezuo was once known as "heicuo", a transliteration of Tibetan, also known as "Lingcheng", which means the place where antelopes roam.

In the Yongzheng Dynasty of Qing Dynasty, heicuo village was under the management of Xunhua Department of Lanzhou government.

In 1846, the Tibetan people in heicuosigou revolted under the leadership of local officials hongbugangju and shunutuba. After their failure, heicuo and Meiwu were assigned to taozhouting district. From 1912 to 1949, they were assigned to Xiahe District, which was the Fourth District of Xiahe Administrative Bureau.

In 1953, when Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Region (later changed to prefecture) was founded, heicuo, a flat and wide sedimentary basin, was selected as the residence of the prefecture.

In 1954, Gansu design company made a preliminary plan for the urban construction, and then started the comprehensive construction in 1955.

In May 1956, some organs of the people's Committee of the prefecture took the lead in moving to work here from lhabuleng, Xiahe. The name of the town was also changed to co-operation, which not only took the Tibetan homonym, but also symbolized national unity and harmony.

In June 1996, with the approval of the State Council, the people's Government of Gansu Province officially announced the establishment of the cooperative city. After one year's preparation, the cooperative city was officially put into operation on January 1, 1998. Subsequently, the cooperative town was withdrawn and four sub district offices were set up on January 18, 2000.

administrative division

In 2010, Hezuo city has jurisdiction over 6 townships and 4 sub district offices, namely zogaiduoma Township, zogaimanma Township, kajiadao Township, kajiaman Township, Lexiu Township, Nawu Township, Tongqin street, dangzhou street, jianmuke street and yiheang street. There are 38 villagers' committees, 8 community residents' committees and 249 villagers' groups.

geographical environment

Location context

Hezuo city is located in the north of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, between 100 ° 44 ′ 45 ″ - 104 ° 45 ′ 30 ″ E and 33 ° 06 ′ 30 ″ - 35 ° 32 ′ 35 ″ n. Zhuoni County in the East, Luqu County in the south, Xiahe County in the west, and Hezheng and Linxia counties in the north. Hezuo city is 105 kilometers away from Linxia Prefecture and 267 kilometers away from Lanzhou city. The total area of the city is 2670 square kilometers, including 164500 hectares of grassland, 10200 hectares of cultivated land, 13300 hectares of forest land and 11.4 square kilometers of urban area.

climate

Hezuo city belongs to alpine humid type, with long cold season and short warm season. The average annual temperature ranges from 0.5 ℃ to 3.5 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 28 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 23 ℃. The average annual precipitation is 545 mm, mainly in July, August and September. The average frost free period in the cooperation area is 48 days, and the main natural disasters are frost, hail and rain. Sufficient sunshine throughout the year, high utilization rate of solar energy. The depth of surface runoff is 200-350mm and the annual evaporation is 1222mm. Natural disasters are frequent, mainly frost, cold wave, strong cooling, heavy snow, hail and flood in autumn.

topographic features

The cultivated land in Hezuo city is mainly distributed in the river valley and the South Central Mountain Yueyang slope. The plots are fragmented and the slope is large. The annual sowing area is about 60% and the yield is about 2100Kg per hectare. Located in the north of kajiadao Township, the main peak of Taizi mountain is 4500 meters high, which is the highest point in the city. Lexiu Township, 2400 meters above sea level, is the lowest point in the city. The urban area is 2936 meters above sea level. The northeast is planation area, and the south is low mountain canyon area.

hydrology

Many tributaries of Tao River and Daxia river flow through Hezuo city. Taohe River has an average flow of 56.6 cubic meters per second and an annual runoff of 1.79 billion cubic meters in Lexiu and jiamaogong townships.

natural resources

Biological resources

There are 300000 yaks and Tibetan sheep in the cooperative territory, with a stock of nearly 250000 at the end of the year. The well-known Juema pig is mainly produced locally. The main arbors are fir, spruce, Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus armandii and poplar, birch, cypress, willow, etc.; there are many shrubs, including seabuckthorn, Rhododendron, Phellodendron amurense, plum and catalpa, etc. The main varieties are highland barley, spring wheat and small rape. Deer, musk deer, fox, lynx, blue sheep, yellow goat, Sumen antelope, eared pheasant, snow pheasant, red bellied pheasant live in the broad forest grassland, and grow a variety of medicinal plants and edible fungi, as well as wild starch, oil plants and aromatic, fiber plants. In swamps and waters, there are stone fish, soft fish, salamander and so on.

Mineral resources

21 kinds of mineral deposits have been found in the northeast of the cooperative territory, and the dominant minerals developed and utilized include gold, copper, antimony, granite, clay, etc. The proved gold mines with development value mainly include: Zaozigou gold mine, dahuaigou gold mine, songxiangtan gold mine, Ludou gold mine and kemucang gold mine, among which Zaozigou gold mine has the largest gold storage. In recent years, lead, tungsten, sulfur, iron, arsenic, uranium and other mineral resources have been discovered.

water resource

Cooperative city has developed and utilized 6000 kilowatts of water resources. Many tributaries of Daxia River and Tao river flow through the city. A hydropower station is built on the main stream of Tao River in Xia Village of Lexiu Township, 55 kilometers away from the city government. The basin area above the dam of the hydropower station is 7276 square kilometers, the design head is 14.55 meters, the total installed capacity is 3 * 2000 kW, the guaranteed output is 1816 kW, and the average annual power generation is 39 million kwh. It has been incorporated into the northwest power grid.

population

population

In 2010, the city's total population was 81000, including 35000 in rural areas, accounting for 43% of the total population; 46000 in urban areas, accounting for 57% of the total population; and 44000 in Tibetans, accounting for 54% of the total population.

By the end of 2016, the city's permanent resident population was 93900, an increase of 0500 over the end of last year, including 52100 urban residents, an increase of 15000. The urbanization rate was 55.48%, 1.3 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. The natural growth rate of population was 9.58 ‰, 1.76 thousand points higher than that of the previous year; the birth rate was 14.96 ‰, 2.11 thousand points higher than that of the previous year; the death rate was 5.38 ‰, 0.35 thousand points higher than that of the previous year. 18800 people aged 0-14, accounting for 20.02% of the total population; 68000 people aged 15-64, accounting for 72.42% of the total population; 7100 people aged 65 and above, accounting for 7.56% of the total population.

By the end of 2017, the city's permanent resident population was 95000, an increase of 11000 over the end of the previous year, including 54200 urban residents, an increase of 2100. The urbanization rate was 57.10%, 1.62 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. The natural growth rate of population was 9.57 ‰, the birth rate was 15.09 ‰, 0.13 thousand points higher than that of the previous year, and the death rate was 5.52 ‰, 0.14 thousand points higher than that of the previous year. There are 19500 people aged 0-14, accounting for 20.53% of the total population; 67200 people aged 15-64, accounting for 70.74% of the total population; 8300 people aged 65 and above, accounting for 8.74% of the total population.

nation

There are Tibetan, Han, Hui, salar, Dongxiang, Baoan, Manchu, Tu, Mongolian, Yugur, Korean and other nationalities in the city.

Politics

Deputy governor of Gannan Prefecture and Secretary of Hezuo municipal Party committee: Liu Yongge

Zhou Mei, deputy secretary and mayor of the municipal Party committee

Deputy Secretary of the municipal Party committee: Wen Jianbin

Deputy Secretary of the municipal Party committee: Ma Qingping

Zhou Junping, member of the Standing Committee of the municipal Party committee and Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission

Yang Qinghua, member of the Standing Committee and executive vice mayor of Hezuo City

Liu Fengyun, member of the Standing Committee and head of the Organization Department of the municipal Party committee

Chen Jiyang, member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Municipal Committee and head of the United Front Work Department

Qiu Hong, member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Municipal Committee and Minister of publicity

Member of the Standing Committee and vice mayor of the municipal Party committee: Wang Wei

Economics

overview

By the end of 2011, the city's GDP was 1.9 billion yuan, an average annual growth of 18%, 2.8 times that of 2006, and its large-scale fiscal revenue reached 130 million yuan, an average annual growth of 18%

Chinese PinYin : Gan Su Sheng Gan Nan Cang Zu Zi Zhi Zhou He Zuo Shi