Guazhou County, Jiuquan City, Gansu Province

Guazhou county is subordinate to Jiuquan City, Gansu Province. It is located at the west end of Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province. It is connected with Yumen City in the East, Dunhuang City in the west, Subei Mongolian Autonomous County in the north and south, and Hami City in the northwest. It has been a transportation hub from east to west and an important merchant town on the Silk Road since ancient times. Guazhou county is 185 kilometers long from east to west and 220 kilometers wide from north to south, covering an area of 24100 square kilometers.

Guazhou County governs 10 towns and 5 townships (a total of 13 residents, 72 administrative villages and 1 living area). By the end of 2011, Guazhou county had a permanent population of 149500, including 21 ethnic groups including Han, Hui, Mongolian and Tibetan, and 25000 ethnic minorities (2011).

There are 4 national cultural relics protection units and 16 provincial cultural relics protection units in Guazhou county. On October 10, 2018, the Gansu Provincial Government approved Guazhou county to withdraw from poverty-stricken counties. On January 22, 2020, it was named National Garden County by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development.

In 2019, the GDP of Guazhou county will reach 8.73 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 2.1%; the added value of industries above Designated Size will reach 1.542 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 3.2%; the investment in fixed assets will reach 8.663 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 19.5%; the total retail sales of social consumer goods will reach 2.625 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.6%; the total fiscal revenue will reach 906 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.5%; the general public budget revenue will reach 372 million yuan, a year-on- 1%; the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 33850 yuan, an increase of 8.4%; the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 18106 yuan, an increase of 9.4%.

Historical evolution

Guazhou as early as 4000 years ago in the late Neolithic period, there are ancestors breeding.

In the spring and Autumn period, it was the land of Xirong, and in the Qin Dynasty, it was the land of Yueshi and Wusun.

In the second year of Yuanshou (121 BC) of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, it belonged to Jiuquan county.

In the sixth year of Yuanding reign of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty (111 BC), three counties, Ming'an, Yuanquan and Guangzhi, were built, which were subordinate to Dunhuang county.

In the fifth year of Wude, Emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty (622 AD), Guazhou was established. Han Dongwei was set up in Ming Dynasty.

In 1759 ad, anxifu was set up in the 24th year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty.

Qianlong 39 years (1774 AD) changed the government to Anxi Zhili Prefecture.

In 1913, it was changed to Anxi County.

Anxi County was liberated on September 28, 1949, and was taken over by the eighth division of the third army of the Northwest Field Army of the Chinese people's Liberation Army. On October 7, Anxi County People's government was established and subordinate to the Jiuquan district administrative office. Anxi county name has been extended to the beginning of 2006.

In 2006, it was renamed Guazhou county with the approval of the State Council.

In 2005, the township administrative division was adjusted: Nancha township was changed into Nancha Town, dongbatu Township, Qiaozi Township and Tashi Township were merged into Suoyang Town, Huancheng Township and Xihu Township were merged into Xihu township. The total population of the county is 102900, of which the Han nationality accounts for 97%. It has jurisdiction over 5 towns and 6 townships, including 15 neighborhood committees, 48 administrative villages and 312 villager groups.

In March 2006, Qidun Hui Dongxiang Township and Shuangta Township were established. On August 1, 2007, the reply of Gansu Provincial Department of Civil Affairs on the change of yaozhanzi township to yaozhanzi Dongxiang Township in Guazhou County, Jiuquan City (No. 20 of ganmin District) approved the change of yaozhanzi township to yaozhanzi Dongxiang Township in Guazhou county. On October 25, 2007, the reply of Gansu Provincial Department of Civil Affairs on the establishment of Guangzhi Tibetan Township in the resettlement area of Guazhou County for Jiudianxia reservoir immigrants (No. 32 of ganmin District) approved the establishment of Guangzhi Tibetan Township in the resettlement area of Guazhou County for Jiudianxia reservoir immigrants, and the township government was stationed in Xinpu village.

On April 8, 2008, the official reply of Gansu Provincial Department of Civil Affairs on the establishment of Shahe Hui Township and Lianghu Township in Guazhou County, Dushanzi Dongxiang Township, Yumen City, within the agricultural reclamation area of Shulehe project in Jiuquan City (No. 15 of ganminfu): the establishment of Shahe Hui Township in Guazhou County was approved. The township government is located in Shahe Village. The fourth reach ranges from irrigation canal in the East, natural sand ditch in the west, Changma West Main Canal in the South and artificial alkali drainage ditch in the north. We agreed to set up Lianghu Township in Guazhou county. The township government is located in Chenjiazhuang village. The four reaches range from Shuangta main canal to branch canal in the East, to Shigong farm irrigation canal in the west, to Shuangta main canal in the South and to Xiaowan farm cultivated land in the north.

administrative division

In 2020, Guazhou County governs 10 towns and 5 townships: Yuanquan Town, Liuyuan Town, Sandaogou Town, Nancha Town, Suoyang Town, Guazhou Town, Xihu Town, Hedong Town, Shuangta Town, yaozhanzi Town, bulongji Town, Qidun Town, Guangzhi Tibetan town, Shahe Town and Lianghu town.

geographical environment

Guazhou county is located at the western end of Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province, connecting Yumen City in the East, Dunhuang City in the west, Subei Mongolian Autonomous County in the north and south, and Hami City in Xinjiang in the northwest. Since ancient times, Guazhou county has been a transportation hub going east and West, and an important merchant town on the ancient Silk Road. The county is 185 kilometers long from east to west and 220 kilometers wide from north to south. It is located at 94.45-97.00 e, 39.52-41.53 n. It is 185 kilometers wide from east to west and 20 kilometers long from north to south, with a total area of 24130 square kilometers.

topographic features

Guazhou county is located in the andon basin, the terrain is high in the north and south, and gradually inclines to the Shule Valley in the center of the basin. Jijitaizi mountain is the highest in the north, with an altitude of 2452 meters; zhujiadashan mountain is the highest in the south, with an altitude of 3547 meters; the central corridor is divided into two parts by the Northeast JIESHANZI; Tashi basin is located in the south, with an altitude of 1259-1750 meters; the dry Delta in the middle and lower reaches of Shule River is located in the north, with flat and open terrain, slightly inclined from northeast to southwest, with an altitude of 1060-1300 meters Yuanquan Town, the county seat, is 1177.8 meters above sea level.

There are three basic geomorphic forms in Guazhou County: mountainous area, Gobi, corridor alluvial plain.

The Gobi inclined plain area in the northern mountainous area is a series of parallel intermittent low and middle mountain residual hills. The mountains are mostly east-west, with an altitude of about 2000 meters and a relative elevation difference of 30-300 meters. The Piedmont denudation surface is formed in front of the mountain, and the top of the mountain is round. The Piedmont is surrounded by a broad alluvial inclined plain, 1150-1600 meters above sea level, with flat terrain. The inclined plain is covered with middle and upper Pleistocene alluvial and slope gravel, and the vegetation is rare.

The Gobi inclined plain area in the southern mountainous area includes the North-South cut-off mountains and the vast Gobi area to the north of Yingzui mountain. The narrow north-south cut-off mountains are nearly east-west, north-east and East extending, 4-10 km wide. The low mountain and hilly terrain is strongly eroded by wind. The altitude is 1259-1750 m, and the relative elevation difference is 50-150 M. the mountain is steep in the north and gentle in the south, and the ridge is flat and round. The erosion terraces on both sides of Yulin River are deeply cut by water erosion, and the whole inclined plain is covered by upper Pleistocene and Holocene glutenite.

Corridor plain area, including Shule River and Yulin River oases in the county, is the main agricultural and animal husbandry area of Guazhou county. According to its origin and morphology, it can be divided into three secondary geomorphic units.

The Changma alluvial fan and the alluvial plain in the middle reaches of Shule River are located in the south of Shule River and the east of qingshanzi, including Sandaogou, Hedong, bulongji and Qiaozi. It is 1060-1300 meters above sea level and slightly inclined from southeast to northwest. It is composed of the upper Pleistocene and Holocene fine soil materials of the alluvial deposits of the Changma River and cut by the North-South Shidao gullies of the Shule River and the Changma alluvial fan. The gully is cut down 4-12m, and its width varies from tens of meters to hundreds of meters. In qidaogou, bulongji, Shuangta and Qiaozi fan margin, there are spring overflow zones. The spring water either flows into Shule River to the northwest, or accumulates into marshes and meadows in low-lying areas. Due to long-term strong evaporation, the ground is salinized, and some surface layers form salt crust.

The steady alluvial fan is located between the north and South Mountains and is composed of the alluvial deposits of Yulin River. The altitude is 1259-1750 meters, higher in the South and lower in the north. The gullies in the middle and upper parts are developed, and the depth of gullies varies from 3 to 7 meters. The spring overflowing from the fan edge converges in huangshuigou, flows westward along the south side of the North cut-off mountain, and discharges into the Guazhou alluvial plain through Lucaogou. The places with higher groundwater are waterlogged to varying degrees, and some low-lying areas are swamped.

The dry delta plain in the middle and lower reaches of Shule River, including the Delta Zone to the south of Shule River, the north of JIESHANZI, the west of Shuangta reservoir and the West Lake, is composed of alluvial and proluvial materials of Shule River. The plain is slightly inclined from east to southwest, and the terrain is relatively gentle. Due to the repeated diversion of Shule River and artificial water diversion irrigation, the area has become a typical dry Delta landforms.

Wind erosion landforms are mainly distributed in the northwest of Liugong City, west of nanbaiqibao, south of Tashi farm, along the Gobi line from Suoyang city to tangdun lake, and along the north coast from Qiaowan to bulongjishule. A small amount of wind erosion landforms are also distributed in the southeast of the county and teacher rabbit, mainly in Yadan landform.

Aeolian sand landforms are mainly distributed in the south of tuluhu, wujiashawo to Suoyang City, north of xisshawo and Donghu, east of quanzi, dongbatu, shijiaotu and Sangong to Sigong in the agricultural area. In addition to some mobile crescent shaped sand dunes and Longgang shaped sand beams, others are mostly fixed and semi fixed sand dunes, with a height of 1-5 meters and the highest of about 10 meters.

climate

Guazhou county is a typical continental climate, which is characterized by less rainfall, large evaporation, long light, average annual precipitation of 45.3 mm, evaporation of 3140.6 mm, average annual temperature of 8.8 ℃, average maximum temperature of 24.9 ℃ and minimum temperature of - 10.4 ℃.

Population nationality

By the end of 2011, the permanent resident population of Guazhou county was 149500, including 21 ethnic groups including Han, Hui, Mongolian and Tibetan, and 25000 ethnic minorities.

natural resources

Water resources

Guazhou county has

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