Guangrao County, Dongying City, Shandong Province

Guangrao County Guangrao County is a county under the jurisdiction of Dongying City, Shandong Province. It is located in the north of central Shandong Province and the south of Dongying City. The geographical coordinates are 118 ° 17 ′ - 118 ° 57 ′ E and 36 ° 56 ′ - 37 ° 21 ′ n. The code of administrative division is 370523. It is adjacent to Dongying District in the north, Linzi District of Zibo City in the south, Shouguang City of Weifang City in the East, Qingzhou City in the southeast, Boxing County in the West and Laizhou Bay of Bohai Sea in the northeast.

Guangrao County, with a total area of 1138 square kilometers, governs 9 townships (streets), 2 provincial economic development zones, 553 villages (residences) and a population of 500000 (in 2012). Guangrao was established as a county in the Qin Dynasty. It was called Le'an, Qiancheng and langhuai in ancient times. It is the hometown of Sun Wu, the soldier saint, the birthplace of Lu Opera and the origin of Qibi. It is rated as a millennium old county by the United Nations Toponymic organization.

Since 2019, it has been rated as one of the top 100 counties and cities in China's comprehensive strength in 2019, one of the top 100 counties and cities in China's investment potential in 2019, one of the top 100 counties and cities in China's new urbanization quality in 2019, and one of the top 100 counties (cities) in China's comprehensive competitiveness in 2019.

In May 2020, it will be selected into the demonstration list of new urbanization construction in the county.

Evolution of organizational system

In the prehistoric Neolithic and post Li culture period, people lived in Guangrao County.

In ancient times, Guangrao County is the residence of Shuangjiu.

From Xia Dynasty to the end of Yin Dynasty, it was the residence of Ji zedun, fengboling and pugu.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was granted by Jiang Taigong, the jurisdiction of the state of Qi.

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, the county still belonged to the state of Qi.

Qin Dynasty belongs to Qi county.

Guangrao began to be known in the Western Han Dynasty. Wang Mang, the county is Jianxin county. By the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was divided into Li, Yi and BoChang counties, belonging to Le'an state.

During the Three Kingdoms period, the county was under the jurisdiction of the state of Wei.

In the Jin Dynasty, Guangrao County was restored to the state of Qi. In the fifth year of Yongjia (311), Emperor Huaidi of Jin Dynasty, Qingzhou was not in the Han Dynasty. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, shile of later Zhao Dynasty, murongluo of later Yan Dynasty and murongchui of later Yan Dynasty occupied it one after another.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, Liu Yu once set up Le'an County here, and soon entered the Northern Wei Dynasty. It was still Le'an County, belonging to Qingzhou.

It was renamed Qiancheng in Sui Dynasty.

Five Dynasties, Liang, Tang, Jin, Han, Zhou a total of 53 years, the county has been under the Pinglu army.

In the first year of Jianlong (960), the emperor Taizu of the Song Dynasty called the prefecture after the strike. The Pinglu army was still renamed Qingzhou, and the county still belonged to Qingzhou. In 1129, after the Jin soldiers occupied Qingzhou, the county was ruled by the puppet Qi and Liu Yu for eight years.

In 1138, Emperor Xizong changed Qiancheng to Le'an, belonging to Yidu Prefecture.

From the Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty to the early years of the Republic of China, the name and territory of the county remained unchanged.

In 1913, Le'an County belonged to Jiaodong road. In 1914, it was renamed Guangrao because of its duplicate name with Le'an of Jiangxi Province, and in 1927 it was directly under the jurisdiction of Shandong Province. During the Anti Japanese War, it belonged to Qinghe administrative region. In August 1945, the people's Government of Guangrao County was established, which is subordinate to the Qinghe Special Area of Bohai administrative region. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it successively belonged to the Qinghe Commissioner's office of Bohai District, Huimin special area, Zibo special area and Huimin special area.

On August 30, 1983, it was transferred to Dongying City.

geographical environment

Location context

Guangrao County is located in the north of central Shandong Province and the south of Dongying City. The geographical coordinates are 118 ° 17 ′ 04 ″ - 118 ° 57 ′ 11 ″ E and 36 ° 56 ′ 09 ″ - 37 ° 21 ′ 23 ″ n. Dongying District in the north, Linzi District in Zibo City in the south, Shouguang City in Weifang City in the East, Qingzhou City in Weifang City in the southeast, Boxing County in Binzhou City in the west, Laizhou Bay in Bohai Sea in the northeast, with a coastline of 12.35 km. The maximum distance between East and west of the county is 60.1 km, and the maximum distance between North and south is 46.2 km, with a total area of 1137.87 square kilometers.

topographic features

Guangrao County is located in the intersection zone of piedmont alluvial plain and Yellow River alluvial plain at the north foot of Taiyi mountain. The terrain inclines from southwest to northeast. The highest elevation in southwest is 28m, and the lowest elevation in Northeast is 2m. The ground elevation in most areas is between 3.5m and 15m, and the slope is 0.48 ‰.

The main geomorphic types of Guangrao County are: gentle hillock 9923.4 hectares; shallow flat depression 21900 hectares; slightly inclined flat land 69900 hectares; river terrace 375 hectares; river enclosure 3475 hectares; coastal beach 8095.7 hectares.

hydrology

Guangrao County has 12 rivers of Xiaoqing River and branch river. Xiaoqing River is 34 km long, with a drainage area of 585 square kilometers. The flood control flow is 360 cubic meters per second and flows from west to East.

Zihe River has a flow length of 37.8 km and a maximum flood discharge capacity of 768 m3 / s, which flows from north to south. Yanghe River is a seasonal river with a total area of 26 square kilometers and a length of 14.6 kilometers. The river is 17 kilometers long, with a drainage area of 174.1 square kilometers and a flood discharge capacity of 50 cubic meters per second. The river is 26.5 km long, with a flood discharge capacity of 81 m3 / s, flowing from west to East. The tributary river is 48.2km long, with a drainage area of 1388km2 and a flood discharge capacity of 649m3 / s, flowing from west to East. Guangbei New River, a man-made river, has a total length of 12.4 kilometers and a drainage area of 80 square kilometers. Mianshui river has a flow length of 3.8 km, a flood discharge capacity of 15 m3 / s and no water except in flood season.

climate

Guangrao County is located in the warm temperate zone, belongs to the monsoon climate, and there is no obvious difference in the climate. The climate is characterized by rain and heat in the same season, strong continental (Continental degree 66.4), alternating cold and heat, and four distinct seasons. Spring is from March to may, with rapid warming, less precipitation, high wind speed and dry climate. Summer is from June to August, with high temperature, high humidity, concentrated precipitation and hot and humid climate. Autumn is from September to November. The temperature drops sharply, the rainfall drops sharply, and the weather is high and crisp. Winter is from December to February, with few rain and snow, cold and dry. The annual average sunshine hours are 2234.0 hours, and the annual maximum sunshine hours are 2881.4 hours. The annual average temperature is 12.3 ℃, the annual average maximum temperature is 18.8 ℃, and the annual average minimum temperature is 6.8 ℃. The extreme maximum temperature is 41.9 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 23.3 ℃. The average precipitation over the years is 587.4 mm, mostly from June to September. The annual dominant wind direction is southeast wind. The wind direction varies with seasons. In winter, there is more northwest wind, in spring and summer, in early autumn, and in late autumn. The first frost period is around October 21 and the last frost period is around April 6. The annual average frost free period is 198 days.

administrative division

Guangrao County is located in the southwest of the county, covering an area of 3.92 square kilometers. There are 22 main streets. County government, government departments in Fuqian street.

In May 2010, Guangrao County governed 538 administrative villages, 15 communities and 8 residents' committees in 2 streets, 6 towns and 1 township (Guangrao street, Le'an street, Dawang Town, daozhuang Town, Dingzhuang Town, Lique Town, Dadou Town, Huaguan town and Chenguan town).

Population nationality

population

By the end of 2012, the total population of Guangrao County was 500603, including 250916 males and 249687 females. The annual birth rate was 9.3 ‰, the death rate was 8 ‰, and the natural growth rate was 1.3 ‰.

nation

There are 32 ethnic groups in Guangrao County, of which the Han population accounts for 99.85% of the total population. There are 31 ethnic minorities, including Bai, Yi, Manchu, Miao, Lisu, Tujia, Mongolian, Zhuang, Hui, WA, Pumi, Daur, Oroqen, Nu, Shui, Tu, Xibo, Hani, Dai, Li, Achang, Buyi, Lahu, Korean, Dong, Naxi, Qiang, Yao, she, Jingpo and Ke'er Kizils. The population distribution of ethnic minorities in Guangrao County is characterized by large dispersion and small aggregation. They are distributed in 9 townships (streets) and high-efficiency agricultural demonstration areas (former Guangbei farm) in Guangrao County. They are scattered and live together with the Han nationality. The towns with the largest number of ethnic minorities in Guangrao County are Dawang Town, daozhuang Town, Guangrao street, Le'an street and Dingzhuang town.

natural resources

land

The total area is 113780 hectares, including 83800 hectares of cultivated land, garden land, forest land and water area, accounting for 73.6% of the total area; 16500 hectares of urban, rural, industrial, mining and transportation land, accounting for 14.5%; 13500 hectares of unused land, accounting for 11.9%.

source of water

The total amount of water resources is 1.387 billion cubic meters. The total amount of surface water resources is 79 million cubic meters, with an average annual runoff depth of 69.9 mm. The total amount of groundwater resources is 63 million cubic meters, the average annual precipitation is 641 million cubic meters, the actual available water resources is 30900 cubic meters, and the annual water consumption of agriculture, industry, urban residents, rural people and livestock in Guangrao County is 26000 cubic meters.

mineral products

Mineral resources include oil, natural gas, brine, geothermal, etc. The total area of proven oil and gas resources is 51 square kilometers, with oil reserves of 66.28 million tons and natural gas reserves of 250 million cubic meters.

animal

Aquatic animals in animal resources mainly include all kinds of fish, shrimp, shellfish, hairy crab, etc. Livestock and poultry include horses, cattle, sheep, chickens, dogs, pigs, etc.; wild animals include rabbits, hedgehogs, weasels, etc.; birds include sparrow, duck orchid, magpie, woodpecker, etc.

Botany

In plant resources, grain crops mainly include wheat, corn, soybean, millet, etc.; cash crops include cotton, peanut, sesame, etc.; vegetables include more than 40 kinds, such as Chinese cabbage, radish, garlic, eggplant, pepper, cucumber, leek, scallion, celery, tomato, etc. There are 93 kinds of trees (including varieties),

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