Liangzhou District, Wuwei City, Gansu Province

Liangzhou District, known as guzang and XiuTu in ancient times, is under the jurisdiction of Wuwei City, Gansu Province, a famous historical and cultural city and an open city approved by the State Council. As of August 2020, it has jurisdiction over 37 towns, 2 ecological construction headquarters and 8 Urban sub district offices, with a total area of 4907.1 square kilometers, a total population of 1039700 and a permanent resident population of 1016500, inhabiting 38 ethnic groups including Han, Tibetan, Hui and Mongolian.

Liangzhou District, located in Northwest China, the east end of Hexi Corridor and the middle of Wuwei City, is the hub of the ancient Silk Road. Since ancient times, Liangzhou District has been a military strategic place "connecting the vast desert and controlling the throat of the five counties" and an important commercial port town "crossing horses and chariots and singing with the sun". Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty opened the four Hexi counties, successive dynasties have set up prefectures here, with the history of "Wuliang ancient capital and Hexi capital" It's a good name for "will".

Liangzhou District is rich in agricultural resources. It is the dominant production area of corn, beef cattle, mutton sheep, vegetables and modern fruits determined by the Ministry of agriculture, the national export food quality and safety zone approved by the General Administration of quality supervision, inspection and Quarantine of the people's Republic of China, and the provincial agricultural product quality and safety demonstration zone assessed by the inspection and Quarantine Bureau of Gansu Province. It is one of the best producing areas of organic food and green food in China, the best producing area of wine grape, and the large-scale production base of protected vegetables in winter and spring in North China.

It has been successively rated as the national historical and cultural city, China's excellent tourism city, China's tourism Symbol City, China wine city, national advanced counties (districts) of scientific and technological progress, top ten counties of county competitiveness in Gansu Province, and national leisure agriculture and rural tourism demonstration zone of the Ministry of agriculture.

Historical evolution

The origin of Liangzhou

In 121 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established four counties in Hexi, namely Wuwei, Jiuquan, Zhangye and Dunhuang. Wuwei is the meaning of martial arts and military power, hence its name. Wuwei County has 10 counties, guzang, Zhangye, Wuwei, XiuTu, CI, Luanyao, PU, Aowei, Cangsong and Xuanwei, which govern guzang.

In the fifth year of Yuanfeng (106bc) of the Western Han Dynasty, there were 13 prefectures in the world, each with a governor, which was called "Thirteen governor". Wuwei County belongs to the History Department of Liangzhou, and the name of Liangzhou began from then on. Located in the west, it is often cold.

In June 194, the first year of emperor Xiandi's Xingping reign in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yongzhou was replaced. Wuwei County was governed by Yongzhou and led by 14 counties. It was a thousand person official of guzang, Zhangye, Wuwei, XiuTu, TCI, Luanyao, PuYao, Yiwei, Xuanwei, Cangsong, Zhuyin, Zuli, XianMei and Zuoqi.

In the first year (220) of the Wei and Huang dynasties in the Three Kingdoms period, Emperor Wen of Wei set up Liangzhou. Until the Western Jin Dynasty, guzang was the governing body of Liangzhou. During the period of Sixteen States in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the former Liang, the latter Liang, the southern Liang, the northern Liang and the Daliang in the early Tang Dynasty all had their capitals here.

Modern Liangzhou

During the period of the Republic of China, Liangzhou basically followed the old system, which included ganliangdao, the inspection district and the location of the Commissioner's office, and governed Wuwei, Minqin, Yongchang, Gulang and Yongdeng counties

From 1927 to 1930, natural and man-made disasters such as earthquake, flood, drought, war and plague occurred in Liangzhou, and the people of Liangzhou also suffered the heaviest suffering in history.

Modern Liangzhou

Since 1953, it has entered the period of building socialism in an all-round way. In the following 20 years, along with the general melody of national development, the people of Liangzhou were self reliant and worked hard. In terms of agriculture, we have adopted the policy of taking water control must change soil as the center, developing storage, water diversion and raising simultaneously, and comprehensively harnessing farmland, water, garden and forest roads. We have carried out large-scale water conservancy construction. Rural power lines are basically connected to villages, and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and sidelines have been greatly developed, becoming an important national commercial and ration base; industry has begun to take shape from scratch, from small to large; transportation has begun to take shape Remarkable development has been made in commerce and trade, and gratifying changes have taken place in culture, education, health and urban construction.

Historic change

On September 16, 1949, Wuwei was liberated. On June 19, 1985, with the approval of the State Council, Wuwei County was changed to Wuwei city. On July 27, 2001, with the approval of the State Council, Wuwei city at prefecture level was established. The former county-level Wuwei city was changed to Liangzhou District.

On October 10, 2018, with the research and approval of Gansu provincial Party committee and government, the provincial government approved 18 counties and cities to take the lead in poverty alleviation and exit from poverty counties in Gansu Province, among which Liangzhou District was listed.

administrative division

(as of September 2020)

Township streets: 37 towns, 2 ecological construction headquarters, 8 Urban Street offices.

District Government: District People's Government in the East Street.

geographical environment

Location context

Liangzhou District is located in the northwest of Gansu Province, the east end of Hexi Corridor, the north foot of Qilian Mountain and the middle of Wuwei city. It borders Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the East, Sunan Yugu Autonomous County in the west, Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County and Gulang County in the south, Yongchang County and Minqin County in the north.

terrain

The topography of Liangzhou District is high in the southwest and low in the northeast. There are three geomorphic types: Qilian Mountain, corridor plain oasis and Tengger Desert. The altitude of Liangzhou District is 1440-3263m. It is located in the corridor transition zone of Qilian fold system in geotectonics. The southwest part is the foreland of Lenglongling in the Eastern Qilian Mountains. It is the maozanggu uplift and Lianhuashan uplift in the corridor belt. The mountains fall into middle mountains, low mountains, hills and basins. The main peaks are dongqingding, Lianhuashan, TIANTI mountain and the fifth mountain, with an altitude of 2000-3200m. The Northeast part is the eastern part of the Hexi Corridor plain, which is the depression of the corridor belt, extending from northwest to Southeast It can be divided into alluvial plain and alluvial fine soil plain with an altitude of 1500-2000m, and Tengger desert with an altitude below 1500m in the East.

climate

Liangzhou District belongs to the temperate continental arid climate, which has the characteristics of drought, less rain, sufficient sunshine and large temperature difference between day and night. The annual average precipitation is 100 mm, the annual evaporation is 2020 mm, the main wind direction is northwest wind, the static wind rate is 26%, the annual average temperature is 7.7 ℃, the frost free period is about 150 days, the sunshine hours is 2873.4 hours, the total solar radiation is 139.05 kcal / cm2, which belongs to the high value area of solar radiation, and the average temperature difference between day and night is 7.9 ℃. The main disastrous weather is drought, gale, sandstorm, frost, rainstorm and so on.

natural resources

land resource

Liangzhou District has a total land area of 4873.85 square kilometers, with a per capita land area of only 8.629 Mu and a per capita cultivated land of 1.88 mu. The land in the area includes: 20635800 hectares of agricultural land, accounting for 42.35% of the total land area, including 24.16%, 1.54%, 2.81%, 13.46% and 0.38% of cultivated land, garden land, woodland, pasture land and water surface respectively; 3415400 hectares of construction land, accounting for 7% of the total land area; 24687300 hectares of unused land, accounting for 50.65% of the total land area.

Photothermal resources

Liangzhou District belongs to the temperate continental arid climate, which has the characteristics of drought, less rain, sufficient sunshine and large temperature difference between day and night. The annual average precipitation is 100 mm, the annual evaporation is 2020 mm, the main wind direction is northwest wind, the static wind rate is 26%, the annual average temperature is 7.7 ℃, the frost free period is about 150 days, the sunshine hours is 2873.4 hours, the total solar radiation is 139.05 kcal / cm2, which belongs to the high value area of solar radiation, and the average temperature difference between day and night is 7.9 ℃. Abundant light and heat resources and large temperature difference between day and night make it suitable for all kinds of plants to carry out photosynthesis and accumulate nutrients, and lay a good foundation for improving the quality of crops. The main disastrous weather is drought, gale, sandstorm, frost, rainstorm and so on.

water resource

The total amount of water resources in 2019 is 1.08 billion cubic meters, and the total amount of water storage of three key reservoirs at the end of the year is 45.59 billion cubic meters, an increase of 27.88% over the end of last year. The total water consumption in 2019 will be 87078 million cubic meters, an increase of 8.8% over the end of last year. Among them: domestic water consumption was 5264 million cubic meters; industrial water consumption was 3674 million cubic meters, an increase of 1.49%; agricultural water consumption was 70655 million cubic meters, an increase of 8.71%; ecological water consumption was 7484 million cubic meters, an increase of 13.35%. The water consumption of GDP per ten thousand yuan was 276.44 m3 / ten thousand yuan, down 1.12%; the water consumption of industrial added value per ten thousand yuan was 95.1 m3 / ten thousand yuan, down 4.7%. The water consumption per capita is 859 cubic meters.

mineral resources

As of February 2020, more than 100 kinds of mineral spots and more than 30 kinds of mineral resources have been found, including coal, clay, quartz sand, fluorite, silica, granite, geothermal water, etc. There are 15 kinds of minerals with proven reserves, and non-metallic resources such as quartz, gypsum, Glauber's salt and granite are dominant in Northwest China. In addition to the large scale of coal mining, there is a certain history, the rest are found in recent years. The preliminary proved reserves of coal resources in this area are about 84 million tons, of which the designed recoverable reserves are about 17 million tons, and the annual mining volume is about 300000 tons in recent years. The mining recovery rate is 82%, and the actual recovery rate is 70%. The coal mainly includes anthracite and bituminous coal.

Forest resources

Liangzhou District has a total forest area of 780600 mu, with a forest coverage rate of 10.13%. The forest coverage rate of the whole region was slightly higher than that of the whole province (9.9%) and lower than that of the whole country (18.21%) by 8.08 percentage points. Forest area by forest type: Farmland Shelterbelt 180300 mu, windbreak and sand fixation forest 392600 mu, water conservation forest 75700 mu, economic forest 132000 mu.

Biological resources

In Liangzhou District, wheat, barley, millet, corn and sorghum are the most common

Chinese PinYin : Gan Su Sheng Wu Wei Shi Liang Zhou Qu