Zhaozhou County, Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province

Zhaozhou county is a county of Daqing City, located in the southwest of Heilongjiang Province and the hinterland of Songnen Plain. It is 124 ° 48 ′ 12 ″ - 125 ° 48 ′ 03 ″ e, 45 ° 35 ′ 02 ″ - 46 ° 16 ′ 08 ″ n.

The county covers an area of 2445 square kilometers, with 2.22 million mu of arable land and 850000 mu of grassland. It governs 14 towns and 104 administrative villages with a total population of 467000 (2013).

There are Daguang Expressway, 203 national highway and many high-grade highways, with convenient transportation. The territory is rich in oil and gas resources. It is an important development zone in the peripheral oilfields of Daqing, with a crude oil output of 1 million tons and proved reserves of more than 100 billion cubic meters in Qingshen gas field. It is one of the five major gas fields in China. On October 22, 2018, it was selected into the list of pilot areas for the integrated development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries in 2018.

In 2019, the GDP of Zhaozhou county was 13149.96 million yuan, an increase of 10.1% over the previous year. The added value of animal husbandry was 2564.56 million yuan, up 4.4% year on year.

The origin of place names

According to the history of the Jin Dynasty, "in the eighth year of the Tianhui reign, the Taizu army won the Liao Dynasty, and the king of Zhaoji made achievements here, so it was established as a prefecture, with a county under its jurisdiction called Shixing." Because of its name Zhaozhou, it began to be called Zhaozhou. Covering an area of about 50000 square kilometers, it is located in maoxing Town, Zhaoyuan.

Historical evolution

3000 years ago

The baijinbao cultural site shows that the ancestors of Zhaozhou have entered the bronze age. From the Shang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, there were Sushen, Juchen, Fuyu, Qidan, Nuzhen, Mongolia and Manchu people who lived a nomadic fishing and hunting life here. The territory of Zhaozhou in the Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties was roughly the same, the nationality changed slightly, and the governing place was one.

Qing Dynasty

In 1644, the Manchu and Mongolian eight banners of the Qing army entered the pass on a large scale. Although the banners left the northeast, the Han people were not allowed to live in the northeast. Therefore, the history of "Great Northern Wilderness" began for more than 200 years. Until the Guangxu period in the late Qing Dynasty, four large-scale migrations were organized to enrich the border areas. Han people from Shandong and other places rushed to the northeast and even Zhaozhou. Since then, Zhaozhou's economy has changed from animal husbandry to farming, with Han immigrants from Shandong as the main ethnic group. The Han culture in the mainland has been brought to Zhaozhou. In the 32nd year of Guangxu reign, Tongzhi was set up in Zhili, Zhaozhou, and Shen Chongshou was the first magistrate. On October 14, 1904 (September 6, the 30th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), the northern Guoerluosi famine Bureau was established. On October 5 of the following year (the seventh day of September of the thirty first year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), the patrol Bureau of Guoerluosi rear banner was set up in chabuqiertai (now erzhan Town, Zhaoyuan County). The city base of "Anzi shierjingzi center" (Zhaozhou was called "old city base" or "old street base" after the formal establishment of Zhaozhou) was assigned for the purpose of adding government offices. On February 1, 1906 (the eighth day of the first month of the thirty second year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), the general of Heilongjiang Province set up the Zhaozhou hall and stationed in "camel neck" (today's Zhaoyuan town). His jurisdiction included the three counties (cities) of today's Zhaozhou, Zhaoyuan and Zhaodong, and set up the Zhaodong branch defense in the five cities of Chang. On July 9 of the same year (May 18 of the lunar calendar), Zhaozhou hall Tongzhi was opened in the Inspection Bureau. It belongs to Heilongjiang sub patrol road.

the Republic of China era

In 1903, the Middle East Railway across Zhaozhou was officially opened to traffic, and the eastern part of Zhaozhou became more and more important. In 1914, the government of the Republic of China set up Zhaodong County, with an area of 1700 square kilometers on both sides of the railway. So far, Zhaozhou county is divided into two counties. In November 1912, the eastern part of Zhaozhou hall was set up, and Zhaodong Administrative Bureau was set up in the five cities of Chang. On January 23, 1913, the governor of Heilongjiang Province ordered all the prefectures, departments and prefectures to be changed into counties. On March 1 of the same year, Zhaozhou county was put into operation as a "camel neck". It belongs to Heilongjiang Province. In June 1914, Longjiang Road was set up under the jurisdiction of Longjiang Road. In February 1929, the system of Dao was abolished, and the province was directly under the central government. At that time, it was a second-class county. After the fall of Northeast China, it belonged to Heilongjiang Province. In 1931, after the September 18th Incident, Japan invaded Northeast China on a large scale. In 1932, Zhaozhou fell. In August 1934, due to the flood of Songhua River again, the county seat was completely flooded, and the puppet County Office moved to the old Chengji (now Zhaozhou town). In December of the same year, it was transferred to Binjiang province. In 1935, the puppet Binjiang Province designated the stations along Nenjiang River and Songhua River and the old county town to be owned by guoerluohou banner.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in 1945, it was initially under the jurisdiction of Haxi special region. In March 1946, it was under the jurisdiction of Jijiang administrative region, and in June of the same year, it was under the jurisdiction of Nenjiang province. From February to September 1947, it was under the jurisdiction of the fourth special region of the union province of heinen. After the separation of Hei Nen United Province, it still belongs to Nenjiang province. In May 1949, Heilongjiang Province was under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province after the merger of Heilongjiang Province and Heilongjiang Province. In 1946, the people's Government of Zhaozhou county was established. In 1992, it was assigned to Daqing city.

In 1934, due to flood, Zhaozhou office moved to laojieji.

After the founding of new China

In August 1958, it was under the jurisdiction of Songhuajiang special region. In November 1959, five townships of Datong, Qunzhong, Xinsheng, Lianhe and Zhongxin were merged with two townships of Daguan and Xinglong in Zhaoyuan County to establish Daqing district. In May 1960, the northern Daqing district was put under the jurisdiction of the newly established Anda City. In June 1965, it was transferred to the jurisdiction of Suihua special region. On August 21, 1992, it was approved by the State Council and put under the leadership of Daqing city; on September 26, the provincial government issued a notice to change the subordinate relationship from December 1.

At the end of 1992, Zhaozhou county was located in the southwest of Heilongjiang Province and the middle of Songnen Plain. It is adjacent to Zhaodong city in the East, Zhaoyuan County in the south, Daqing City in the West and Anda City in the north. The total area of the county is 2392 square kilometers. The total population is 416700, of which 69700 are non-agricultural; Manchu, Mongolian, Hui and other ethnic minorities account for about 0.5%. It has jurisdiction over 5 towns and 11 townships. The county government is located in Zhaozhou town. (the above is excerpted from the catalogue of local records of Heilongjiang Province, with some changes)

In 1996, Zhaozhou County covered an area of 2393 square kilometers with a population of 385000. 5 towns and 11 townships: Zhaozhou Town, fengle town, Xingcheng Town, Chaoyang ditch town, Yongle Town, Tuogu Township, Wanbao Township, Yongsheng Township, Fenglin Township, Erjing Township, Chaoyang Township, shuangfa Township, Xingshan Township, Yushu Township, Shuanglongshan Township and Xinfu township. The county government is located in Zhaozhou town.

geographical position

Zhaozhou county is located in the southwest of Heilongjiang Province, the north of Songhua River, the hinterland of Songnen Plain, backed by Daqing Oilfield, adjacent to Zhaodong city in the East, Datong District in the west, Zhaoyuan County in the South and Anda City in the north.

topographic features

Zhaozhou county is a low mountain, hilly and plain area with an altitude of 134-578 meters, with an average altitude of about 150 meters. The average altitude of agricultural areas is about 167 meters.

climate

Zhaozhou county has a mid temperate continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons. It is windy and dry in spring, warm and rainy in summer, cool and moderate in autumn and cold and dry in winter. The annual active accumulated temperature is 2800 ℃, and the frost free period is 143 days.

administrative division

By the beginning of 2014, there were 6 towns, 6 townships and 2 farms in Zhaozhou county. 104 administrative villages and 732 natural villages.

natural resources

land resource

Zhaozhou County covers an area of 2445 square kilometers, in addition to basic farmland, there are a lot of saline land, wasteland has not yet been developed and utilized.

mineral resources

Zhaozhou county is an important development area of Daqing peripheral oilfields, with 156 million tons of proven reserves and 1 million tons of crude oil per year. The tenth and eighth oil production plants of Daqing Oilfield, Toutai oilfield, Zhongya oilfield, Yushulin oilfield and Qingshen gas field located in Xujiaweizi of Xingcheng town have proven natural gas reserves of 117.5 billion cubic meters, which is one of the five largest gas fields in China.

Biological resources

Medicinal species are mountain dragon, earthworm, Atractylodes, Schisandra, etc.

Mammals are pigs, cows, cattle and so on.

Population nationality

The total population of Zhaozhou county was 467000, 485000 in March 1948 (2013). In 1949, there were about 610000 people. In 1956, there were more than 700000 people. From 1959 to 1961, there was a negative growth. From 1961 to 1971, there were high birth rate, low death rate and high growth rate. In 1967, the natural growth rate was 28.9 ‰.

As of 2014, there are 17 ethnic groups including Han, Hui, Manchu, Zhuang, Yi, Mongolian, Korean, Xibo, Oroqen, Daur and Ewenki.

economic construction

summary

In 2019, the GDP of Zhaozhou county was 13149.96 million yuan, an increase of 10.1% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 5049.08 million yuan, an increase of 3.7%; the added value of the secondary industry was 3737.93 million yuan, an increase of 16.0%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 4362.95 million yuan, an increase of 9.2%. The proportion of three industries in Zhaozhou county was adjusted from 39:29.3:31.7 to 38.4:28.4:33.2.

primary industry

Zhaozhou county is rich in corn, sorghum, soybean, beet, flax, flue-cured tobacco, sunflower, millet, melon and other crops. It is an important commodity grain production base in China. The total grain output has exceeded 1 billion jin for 11 consecutive years, and it is one of the 100 major grain producing counties in China. Zhaozhou county is one of the province's agricultural high-tech demonstration park, is the national key drought drilling project area and mechanized dry farming demonstration county. Zhaozhou county has four production bases of pig, cow, cattle and goose, and animal husbandry has become the pillar industry of county economy.

In 2003, the number of cows, cattle, pigs, geese and sheep raised in Zhaozhou County reached 16000, 88000, 653000, 1.5 million and 337000 respectively, and the output value of animal husbandry reached 695960000 yuan, accounting for 70% of the total agricultural output value

Chinese PinYin : Hei Long Jiang Sheng Da Qing Shi Zhao Zhou Xian