Shiquan County, Ankang City, Shaanxi Province

Shiquan County Shiquan County is located in the west of Ankang City, Shaanxi Province, with Qinling Mountains in the north and Bashan mountains in the south. It is located in the hinterland of Qinling and Bashan and on the Bank of the Han River, with a total area of 1525 square kilometers. It is a key poverty alleviation and development county of Qinling and Bashan.

Shiquan County was founded in the first year of the abolition of the emperor of the Western Wei Dynasty (AD 525), and got its name because of "many springs in the stone gap in the south of the city and endless runoff". Shiquan County is a national health county and a provincial Garden County; it is an important destination of Qinba Hanshui eco-tourism, known as "Qinba Mountains and rivers, Shiquan ten beauty"; it is the first sericulture industry county in Western China, known as "the source of the Silk Road, the hometown of golden silkworm"; it is an important water conservation area of the national south to North Water Diversion Project and an important power energy base in Western China; it is an important birthplace of pre Qin culture, Guiguzi, the originator of Zongheng school, practiced and taught in Shiquan County, also known as Guiguzi's hometown.

On February 27, 2020, the people's Government of Shaanxi Province approved that Shiquan County officially withdrew from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

In July 2020, Shiquan County was confirmed as the national health county in 2019 by the National Patriotic Health Association.

Evolution of organizational system

Shiquan has a long history. As early as the Neolithic age, the ancestors labored, lived and multiplied along the Hanjiang River, which was designated as "Yangshao culture" by historians.

In Xia Dynasty, Shiquan belonged to Liangzhou.

Shang Dynasty belongs to Yong state.

In the spring and Autumn period, the state of Yong was sandwiched among Chu, Ba and Qin. In the 16th year of Lu Wengong in the spring and Autumn period (611 BC), Chu, Ba and Qin destroyed Yong, and Shiquan belonged to the state of Chu. In the 13th year of Qin gengyuan (312bc), Qin defeated Chu in Danyang, and took Hanzhong. Shiquan became the battle place for Qin and Chu. Later Shiquan belonged to the state of Qin.

After the unification of China by the first emperor of Qin Dynasty, Hanzhong county was located in the water and upstream of the Han Dynasty, and six counties including Xicheng county were under the jurisdiction of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty. Shiquan belongs to Xicheng county.

In Han Dynasty, Hanzhong county was set up according to the administrative division of Qin Dynasty, and now Ankang area was divided into five counties: Anyang, Pingli, Xunyang, Xi county and Xicheng county. Anyang County under the jurisdiction of today's Shiquan, Hanyin, Ziyang three counties. During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei, Shu and Wu vied for power. In the early stage, Shiquan belonged to Wei, then Shu. Mengda rebelled against Shu, Wei seized the land of Shu, and Shiquan belonged to Wei again. In the Jin Dynasty, Weixing county was subordinate to Jingzhou, and Jinchang county was set up in Shiquan, with jurisdiction over Changle, Xinxing, Jiyang and Dongguan counties. Jinchang county is located in Shiquan.

During the northern and Southern Dynasties, China was divided. Counties and counties were set up in different dynasties, which were complicated. In the Southern Dynasty and early Song Dynasty (about 420), Jinchang county was changed to Xinxing County, and later Weixing county. Shiquan is located in Ankang County in the southeast and Changle County in the northwest, which is under the jurisdiction of Weixing county. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, in 505, the second year of emperor Xuanwu's reign, dongliangzhou was set up in the eastern part of the former Liangzhou, and its governing office was located in Jincheng (today's Chihe town). Zhicheng county (now Shiquan northeast, county governance in Chihe old street), Ankang county (now Shiquan southeast), Yongle County (formerly Changle County, now Shiquan northwest). In the Western Wei Dynasty, in the first year of the emperor's abolition (552), Yongle County was renamed Shiquan because there were several stone springs in the south of Yongle County. The spring water was clear and did not dry up at four o'clock. The southern part of Shiquan belongs to Weining County, and the county seat is Meihu (now Xihe Street); the northeastern part belongs to Zhicheng County; the southeastern part belongs to Ningdu County of Ankang county. In the early Sui Dynasty, Zhicheng county was abolished and the jurisdiction was incorporated into Shiquan. At that time, Shiquan County had jurisdiction over the north of Shiquan and Hanyin counties. Ningdu county was renamed Ankang County in 607.

In the first year of Shengli (698), Shiquan County was renamed Wu'an county. In the first year of Shenlong (705), it was renamed Shiquan. In the first year of Dali (771), Shiquan County was abolished and incorporated into Hanyin county. In the first year of Yongzhen (805), Shiquan County was restored. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Shiquan was still Shiquan and Hanyin counties, which were under the jurisdiction of jingxinan road. In the second year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1132), the administrative office of Hanyin county was moved to Xindian, which is now Hanyin county. Shiquan County (today's Shiquan County and Southern Ningxia and Shaanxi) belongs to Lizhou East Road.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Jinzhou was a Sanzhou (there were no counties under Sanzhou). Shiquan set up inspection department, the jurisdiction is divided into Jinzhou, under the jurisdiction of Xingyuan Road office. In the Ming Dynasty, Shiquan County was restored in 1369. In June of 1377, Hanyin county was abolished and its jurisdiction was incorporated into Shiquan. In the 38th year of Jiajing (1559), Shiquan belonged to Hanzhong Prefecture; in the 11th year of Wanli (1583), after Jinzhou was changed to Xing'an Prefecture, Shiquan belonged to Xing'an Prefecture. In the Qing Dynasty, Shiquan County belonged to Hanzhong Prefecture and later to Xing'an Prefecture of Shan'an road.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, Shiquan County belonged to Hanzhong Road. In 1933, the Taoist system was abolished, and then administrative supervision areas were set up below the provincial level. Shiquan County is under the jurisdiction of the fifth Office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision (now Ankang District).

On November 30, 1949, Shiquan was liberated and the people's Government of the county was established, which belongs to the special department of health of the southern Shaanxi administrative department.

In December 1958, Shiquan County, Hanyin county and Ningshan county were merged into one county, called Shiquan County. The people's Committee of Shiquan County is located in Chengguan Town, Shiquan County.

In October 1961, the original system of Shiquan, Hanyin and Ningshan counties was restored.

administrative division

Note: reference data sources of administrative divisions

geographical environment

geographical position

Shiquan County is located in the west of Ankang City, Shaanxi Province (east longitude 108 ° 01 ′ 08 ″～ 108 ° 28 ′ 42 ″, north latitude 32 ° 45 ′ 57 ″～ 33 ° 19 ′ 56 ″). It is adjacent to Qinling Mountain in the north and Bashan mountain in the south. Hanjiang River, the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, passes through the county from west to East. The total length of the county is 58.5 km, and the drainage area is 1051.8 square km. The terrain presents the trend of "two mountains with one river". Shiquan County covers a total area of 1525 square kilometers, 42.75 kilometers from east to west and 63.05 kilometers from north to south.

topographic features

The county has complex terrain, overlapping mountains, high in the north and low in the south. Han River, the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, runs through Shiquan County from west to East. It is an important part of the Qinba Mountains. Qinling mountain is high and steep in the north, Bashan mountain is gentle in the south, and most of them are round ridges. Along both sides of Hanjiang River and the lower reaches of Chihe River in the middle, it is a beaded valley basin developed on the basis of tertiary fault depression, commonly known as "Bazi". The mountains are high in the north and low in the south. They are mostly V-shaped and U-shaped canyons, with an altitude of 400-1400m and a slope of 30-50 degrees. The highest is Yunwu Mountain in the North (2008.9 m), and the lowest is shiquanzui in the South (332.8 m), with a relative drop of 1676.1 M.

Climatic characteristics

Shiquan belongs to subtropical monsoon humid climate, with four distinct seasons, less rainfall in winter and spring, mild climate, higher temperature in summer, humid and rainy in autumn. The main meteorological data are as follows: the annual average temperature is 14.5 ℃, the annual extreme maximum temperature is 41.4 ℃, the annual extreme minimum temperature is - 10.8 ℃, the annual average temperature is 14.6 ℃, the annual temperature range is 25 ℃, the annual average daily temperature range is 10 ℃, the annual average relative humidity is 73%, the annual average precipitation is 873.9mm, the maximum frozen soil depth is 8cm, and the annual dominant wind direction is southeast wind.

The natural conditions are characterized by the transition from north to south, with the South as the main feature and the obvious vertical difference. Four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall, sufficient heat, mild and humid, frequent disastrous weather. In terms of time allocation, the seasonal difference is large, and the proportion is not coordinated. In spring, the temperature rises rapidly, and the temperature changes greatly. There are often cold wave, frost, gale and dust weather. In winter, affected by Mongolian high pressure and polar denaturation continental air mass, the weather is cold, with less rainfall and more drought; in spring, the warm air mass is gradually strengthened, with higher temperature and more overcast and rainy in late spring; in summer, affected by Mongolian low pressure and Pacific Subtropical Ocean air mass, the precipitation is concentrated, with local floods and frequent summer drought; in autumn, the cold and warm air mass occurs alternately, with continuous overcast and rainy, often accompanied by low temperature After October, the temperature decreased rapidly and the precipitation decreased.

natural resources

mineral products

There are many kinds of mineral resources in Shiquan County, and their distribution is relatively scattered. Among the metallic minerals, there are mainly hematite, magnet, limonite, manganese, copper, aluminum, antimony, vanadium and titanium; among the non-metallic minerals, there are mainly quartz, muscovite, phosphate, feldspar, asbestos, marble and limestone; among the energy minerals, there are factory charcoal, peat and a small amount of anthracite. Among the minerals, non-metallic minerals are the most abundant with large reserves. The minerals with short-term development and utilization value are quartzite, vanadium titanium magnet, stone coal, marble and limestone.

Botany

There are 134 species in 87 genera of 51 families in Shiquan County. Among them, there are 68 species of timber forest, 35 species of economic forest, 7 species of ornamental tree, 24 species of others, 12 species of coniferous forest and 98 species of broad-leaved forest.

animal

Shiquan belongs to the fauna of Qinba Mountains. In terms of animal geographical location, it also belongs to the Oriental fauna. Because the county is located in the northern edge of the Oriental fauna, some of the fauna infiltrates into the northern fauna, which makes the flora rich in species and complex in structure. Among them, there are more than 20 kinds of wild animals, such as bear, deer, deer, muntjac, wild boar, etc.; there are more than 46 kinds of wild birds, such as golden pheasant, stone pheasant, cuckoo, etc.; there are also more than 100 kinds of aquatic organisms, insects and others.

Hydroenergy

1、 Overview of water resources

Overall evaluation of water resources: abundant resources and good water quality. The average annual precipitation of the county is 877.1 mm, and the total water volume is 1.352 billion cubic meters. The average annual total amount of self-produced water resources in the county is 656.7 million cubic meters, including 558.7 million cubic meters of surface runoff, 98 million cubic meters of underground runoff, and 1415.5 million cubic meters of transit passenger water (excluding Hanjiang River). The per capita water production of the whole county is 3576m3, which is more than the per capita level of the whole country and the whole province, with an average of 287m3 per mu. If the transit passenger water is added, the per capita water production of our county is about 12000m3, which is a water rich county. At the same time, water resources are also very rich, and the development and utilization potential is great, which is one of the advantages of our county. although

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng An Kang Shi Shi Quan Xian