Changtu County, Tieling City, Liaoning Province

Changtu County Changtu County, the northernmost County in Liaoning Province, is a pilot unit of expanding power and strengthening county system in Liaoning Province. It is a famous agricultural county in China, the largest peanut distribution center in Northeast China, the largest grain production base and livestock and poultry production and processing base in China. Changtu County has convenient transportation. There are Harbin Dalian railway, pingqi railway and Harbin Dalian high speed railway. National Highway 102, national highway 303 and Shen ha Expressway pass through the county. Changtu County has a solid industrial foundation. A modern industrial pattern with building materials, chemical industry, machinery, textile and processing of agricultural and sideline products as the main components is taking shape.

In September 2019, it was selected as the pilot county of compact County medical community construction.

In July 2020, the National Patriotic Health Association confirmed Changtu County as the national health county in 2019.

Evolution of organizational system

Changtu has a long history. As far back as Yu, Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, it was a possession of Sushen (xishen).

In the Qin, Han and Jin Dynasties, it was located in the north of Liaodong County, and it was Fuyu Xianbei.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties and Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was occupied by Khitan; in the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Northern Qi Dynasty, Fuyu was once occupied by Koguryo.

During the Tang and Five Dynasties, it belonged to the Bohai State, with the capital of Fuyu city (today's simian city in Changtu County).

In the Liao Dynasty, there were 154 states in Wudao, which were subordinate to Dongjing road. In the territory, there were Suzhou in the South (Mazhong River in today's Changtu County), Hanzhou in the North (Bamian city in today's Changtu County), and Tongzhou in the middle (Simian city in today's Changtu County).

Jin Dynasty, set 19 road period, is Xianping road.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the whole province system was implemented, which belonged to the northern border of Kaiyuan Road in Zhongshu province and was a Mongolian Nomadic land.

In the Ming Dynasty, the military and government were integrated into one system. After that, wulianghai was in charge of the military affairs, and the name of the independent state was Horqin.

In the Qing Dynasty, it was still a nomadic land of Horqin tribe of Mongolian nationality. In 1802, the governor of changtuerke was appointed. In 1806, Changtu hall was set up. In 1877, Changtu hall was upgraded to a prefecture. In 1913, Changtu was changed to a county.

administrative division

In 2019, Changtu County governs 33 towns: Changtu town, Laocheng Town, Bamiancheng Town, Baoli Town, Maojiadian Town, Liangzhongqiao Town, Sanjiangkou Town, Jinjia Town, Quantou Town, Shuangmiaozi Town, Mazhonghe Town, Laosiping Town, toudao Town, Qijiazi Town, luolushu Town, Sihe Town, Chaoyang Town, Dawa town, Qianshuangjing Town, Dongga Town, guyushu Town, Fujia Town, simian Town, Dazhu town Sijiazi Town, Tongjiangkou Town, Qujiadian Town, shibajiazi Town, Taiping Town, XIAERTAI Town, pinganbao Town, Daxing Town, Changfa Town, houyao town. There are 60 communities and 425 villages in the county.

physical geography

geographical position

Changtu County is located in the northernmost part of Liaoning Province, at the southern end of Songliao plain, at the junction of Liaoning, Jilin and Inner Mongolia provinces (districts), bordering Siping City, Lishu County and Shuangliao City of Jilin Province in the north, Faku County and Kangping County of Shenyang City in the west, and kezuohou banner of Inner Mongolia across the Liaohe River. It is located at 123 ° 32 ′ - 124 ° 26 ′ E and 42 ° 33 ′ - 43 ° 29 ′ n with a total area of 4317 square kilometers.

topographic features

The landform of the whole county transits from low mountains and hills in the east to Liaohe Plain in the West. The soil types are dark brown soil, black soil, meadow soil and aeolian sandy soil from east to west. According to the terrain, landform, soil type and utilization, the area can be divided into four areas. Eastern hilly region: the region is low mountains and hills, with an altitude of more than 200 meters; in spring, there are many mountains and hills, green and dripping, towering peaks, beautiful forests and gullies; it is rich in precious Chinese herbal medicine and wild fruits; the region is mostly brown soil, which is suitable for comprehensive utilization of agriculture, fruit and wood, diversified management and all-round development. Central Mangang plain area: this area is located in Mangang plain, with deep soil layer, fertile soil, high land utilization rate, developed agricultural industry, and is one of the key grain producing areas in the county. Western Riverside Area: this area is distributed in the alluvial plain of Liaohe River and zhaosutai River, with flat terrain, deep soil, high fertility and good water conservancy conditions, which is suitable for rice and wheat production. Northwest sandy area: due to the influence of Inner Mongolia sand, this area is mostly sandy soil. It is a low yield area in the county because of poor soil quality and poor soil fertility. There are many unused land in the area, which is suitable for the development of forestry and animal husbandry. In terms of planting, it is suitable for the development of peanut, sweet potato and other economic crops.

climatic conditions

Changtu County belongs to the sub humid, continental and monsoon climate in the middle temperate zone, with obvious four seasons and simultaneous rain and heat. In spring, the temperature rises quickly, with less precipitation, strong spring breeze and dry air; in summer, it is muggy and rainy, with the highest temperature reaching 36 ℃; in autumn, it is sunny and clear, with high clouds and cool air in autumn, and the temperature drops rapidly; in winter, it is cold, with the lowest temperature reaching - 33 ℃.

Hydrology

The west of Changtu County is the alluvial plain of Liaohe River, and the northwest is the sandy area. Besides Liaohe River, the main tributaries are zhaosutai River, Erdao River and Liangzi River, which belong to Liaohe River system. There are 15 large and medium-sized rivers in Liaohe River, Dongliao River, zhaosutai River, Erdao River, Liangzi River, Mazhong River and other rivers with a drainage area of more than 100 square kilometers. 64 small and medium-sized reservoirs have been built, and the total amount of water resources that can be developed and utilized reaches 610 million cubic meters.

natural resources

Changtu County is rich in mineral resources and water resources. There are more than 20 kinds of proven mineral resources in the county, of which limestone is of high grade, with reserves of more than 70 million tons. Granite and river sand are extremely rich, with reserves of 500 million tons respectively. It has been proved that the daily water inflow of Maojiadian, Liangzhongqiao and Changtu stations is 300 tons, and the contents of metasilicic acid and strontium exceed the national quality standards.

The northeast coalfield geological bureau announced on July 30, 2010 that the 101 exploration team under the Bureau discovered a large coalfield in northern Liaoning, with a preliminary coal resource of more than 1 billion tons and coalbed methane resource of more than 5 billion cubic meters. This is one of the largest coalfields discovered in Northeast China in recent 20 years. According to Wang Shenghui, chief engineer of 101 exploration team of northeast coalfield geology bureau, the coalfield is located in Changtu County in the north of Liaoning Province, with guyushu township as the center and distributed in four surrounding towns.

In 2008, 101 exploration team undertook the comprehensive survey project of guyushu coal and coalbed methane in Changtu County. In the exploration area of 650 square kilometers, 400 square kilometers of coalfields were found. In the pre inspection stage of the project, 83 boreholes have been drilled and 22 boreholes have been drilled. According to the drilled coal situation, it is conservatively estimated that the amount of coal resources is more than 1 billion tons. Meanwhile, it is also found that the amount of coalbed methane resources is up to 5010 billion cubic meters.

The coal resources of guyushu coalfield are located at 1200-1500 meters underground. The thickness of coal seam is 0.8-9.13 meters, 70% of which are long flame coal and 30% are gas coal, all of which are high quality coal.

The main mineral deposits are iron, copper, zinc, lead, coal, limestone, fluorite, loess, marble, river sand, oil and natural gas.

Chinese herbal medicines include Schisandra chinensis, Platycodon grandiflorum, bupleurum, clematis, almond, plantain seed, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, digin, Saposhnikovia, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Atractylodes lancea, polygonatum odoratum, Sophora flavescens, arisaena.

Wild animals include snakes, lizards, toads, pheasants, ducks, quails, etc.

Population nationality

By the end of 2010, there were 344672 households with a total population of 1041835, including 529952 males and 511883 females, and 213263 non-agricultural population.

There are 21 ethnic groups in Changtu, the vast majority of which are Han nationality, accounting for 97% of the total population of the county; among the ethnic minorities, the five ethnic groups, including Manchu, Mongolian, Korean, Xibo and Hui, account for 2.1%, 0.7%, 0.09%, 0.04% and 0.039% of the total population of the county respectively; in addition, there are Daur, Gaoshan, Dong, Miao, Ewenki and Hezhe nationalities The population of 15 ethnic minorities, such as Zhuang, Yao, Bai, Russian, Oroqen, Yi, Tujia, Shui and Molao, is relatively small.

Transportation

Changtu is located in the center of Shenyang and Changchun and at the intersection of the main traffic lines, with traffic extending in all directions. Beijing Harbin electrified railway, Beijing Harbin high-speed railway passenger dedicated line, pingqi railway under construction, national highway 102, national highway 303, Beijing Harbin Expressway and Tiefu Expressway form a traffic network across the east-west and north-south. Driving north, Siping City can be reached in 40 minutes, Changchun City can be reached in 2 hours; driving south, Tieling City can be reached in 35 minutes, Shenyang Taoxian airport can be reached in one and a half hours, Dalian port can be reached in 4 hours, and capital Beijing can be reached in 7 hours.

There are 450 administrative villages in the county, which are connected with oil roads or cement roads and buses. Formed a township as the center, extending the village, crisscross, extending the road transportation network.

By the end of 2010, there were 601 highways in the county, with a total mileage of 3798.83 km. Among them, 2 Chinese roads (102 and 303 lines) were 120.1 km, all reaching the standard of class II or above; 3 provincial roads (Changfa, Zhanghuan and Xinli) were 142.898 km, all reaching the standard of class II or above, and 13 county roads (Changbei, Changfu, Baliang, shuangba, Laolao and Changli) were 387.322 km Weiwei, Dongde, Mansi, Gaoshuang, Gaochang, Qisan, Baoqu, changguan) have reached the third class road standard; 112 township roads are 1208.757 km, of which the mileage of black road is 871.995 km; 471 village roads are 1939.753 km; the county has 419 bridges, 11508.26 linear meters; the county road density has reached 90.89 km / 100 square kilometers. In the next few years, on the road

Chinese PinYin : Liao Ning Sheng Tie Ling Shi Chang Tu Xian