Fu County, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province

Fuxian County, formerly known as minzhou, is located in the north of Shaanxi Province and the south of Yan'an City, belonging to the hilly and gully area of Weibei Loess Plateau. The total area of the county is 4182 square kilometers, ranking fifth in Shaanxi Province and first in Yan'an City, with a total population of 158800 (2016). The county governs 8 towns, 5 townships, 1 sub district office and 241 administrative villages. County vast territory, rich in resources, known as the "plug on the small Jiangnan" and "Shaanxi xiaoguanzhong" reputation.

Fuxian county's comprehensive economic competitiveness ranks among the top 100 counties in China. It is a famous historical and cultural city in Shaanxi Province, a provincial health county, a provincial civilized county, a national key cultural relics County, a national good agricultural demonstration county, a financial ecological county in China and a top ten progressive County in China.

In March 2019, it was listed as the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area sub County list. On July 29, 2020, it will be included in the list of national health towns (counties) to be reconfirmed in 2019.

History of construction

Xia: according to Yu Gong in the book of history, after Dayu controlled the flood, he designated the world as Kyushu. Fuxian county belongs to Yongzhou.

Shang: it is the land of Xihe.

Zhou: it belongs to Baizhai (DI), also known as Chizhai (DI).

Spring and Autumn: in the second year of Wengong of Jin Dynasty (635 BC), Jin was a powerful country, occupying a large area west of the Yellow River and between Wuding River and Luohe River. Fuxian county is under the jurisdiction of Shangjun County of Jin State.

Warring States Period: in the 22nd year of Chugong reign of Jin Dynasty (453 BC), after Han, Zhao and Wei divided Jin, Fuxian belonged to Wei. In the 12th year of King Hui of Wei Dynasty (358 BC), general Long Jia (Yingu) built the Great Wall from Huaxian county to Shangjun county (Yulin Yuhe Fort), built a city in Diaoyin, and stationed 100000 troops to resist Qin Dynasty. According to the annals of minzhou, Diaoyin is located 30 miles north of the state, and it is located in Henan Province. There are many Diaoyin caves in the mountains, so it is named Diaoyin (now the South West of huangfudian village, Chafang Town, Fuxian county). In the 8th year of King Huiwen of Qin Dynasty (330 BC), after the "Diaoyin battle" between Qin and Wei, Wei offered 15 cities to the west of the Yellow River to Qin. Fuxian county was the land of Qin Dynasty, and Diaoyin county was set up in Qin Dynasty.

After Qin Shihuang unified China, it was still Diaoyin county.

In the first year of emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (206 BC), Liu Bang came out of Chencang and settled the Sanqin Dynasty, with Diaoyin and Zhilu counties. In the first year of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty (25), Zhilu county was abolished. In the fifth year of emperor Yongchu of Han an (111), zhaoshang County moved to avoid Qiang people and forced the people to move inside. Diaoyin county was abandoned and the land entered qianghu.

In 357, the first year of Qin Yongxing before the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Fu Jian killed Fu Sheng and became the king of heaven.

During the northern and Southern Dynasties, in the second year of Chengguang (426) of helianchang, Wei attacked Xia and entered Tongwan, then took Chang'an and Fuxian as the property of Northern Wei. Wei set up Liren County in Changcheng county. In 491, the 15th year of Taihe reign of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, East Qinzhou was established in Xingcheng (Huangling). The great wall and Liren counties were under the jurisdiction of East Qinzhou. In the first year of Xiping (516), Emperor Xiaoming of the Northern Wei Dynasty changed East Qinzhou into North Huazhou. In 535, the first year of Emperor Wen of the Western Wei Dynasty, beihuazhou was changed into Fuzhou (Fuzhou was called Minzu). In 554, the great wall county was changed into Sanchuan county (the residence of Sanchuan post). The abolition of Liren County, under the jurisdiction of Sanchuan County, is Fu Zhou.

In the third year of kaihuang reign of Sui Dynasty (583), Luojiao county was set up in wujiaocheng (today's rich county) in the north of Luochuan and Sanchuan counties. In the second year of Daye of Sui Dynasty (606), Fuzhou was changed into mincheng county. In the third year of Daye (607) of Sui Dynasty, mincheng County moved from Xingcheng (Huangling) to wujiaocheng of Luojiao County, which was renamed Shangjun, commanding the five counties of central, Fucheng, Luochuan, Sanchuan and Luojiao.

In 618, the first year of Wude, Emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty, Shangjun of Sui Dynasty was changed into minzhou. Fen Luojiao county to the north of Fulu county (now Ganquan County). In 620, Zhiluo county was set up in the west of Luojiao and Sanchuan counties, and five counties, Luochuan, Sanchuan, Luojiao, Zhiluo and Fulu, were led by minzhou. In the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), Bingzhou was changed into Luojiao county. In the first year of Qianyuan (758) of Tang Dynasty, Luojiao county was changed to minzhou.

In 1074, Sanchuan county was withdrawn and a town was established. Luojiao county was under its jurisdiction, and Luochuan, Zhiluo, Luojiao and other counties were under the jurisdiction of minzhou.

In 1263, Kublai Khan abolished Luojiao county and Zhiluo county because of the vast territory and sparse population. The territory was directly under the jurisdiction of minzhou Prefecture, which began to establish the territory of today's rich county. The prefecture is under the jurisdiction of Yan'an Road, leading Luochuan, central and Yijun counties.

In the Ming Dynasty, minzhou belonged to Yan'an Prefecture and led Luochuan, central and Yijun counties.

In the third year of Yongzheng (1725) of the Qing Dynasty, minzhou was promoted to Zhili Prefecture, which was directly under the jurisdiction of the Chief Secretary of Shaanxi Province. Set up the same department in Heishui temple, State Department in Huanglong Shibao Town, leading Luochuan, central, Yijun and other counties.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), minzhou was abandoned and Minxian was set up. The Prefecture was changed into a sub County, and still stationed in Heishui temple. At first, it belonged to Yulin Road, and later it was directly under the central government of Shaanxi Province. After Liu Zhidan founded the Nanliang revolutionary base, in the spring of 1934, the Shaanxi Gansu Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Shaanxi Gansu Red Army of workers and peasants successively established three revolutionary committees in the north, West and south of the county. In November 1935, the two revolutionary committees of Minxi, Minnan and Gansu jointly established the Soviet government of Minxian County, which was stationed in beidaode East Village. The Revolutionary Committee of Zhongyi county was reorganized into the Soviet government of Zhongyi County, which was relocated from sixiantaoyuan village to zhangcunyi. The two county Soviet governments led by the Communist Party of China and the county national government led by the Kuomintang coexisted.

The Xi'an Incident in 1936 promoted the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. From 1937 to 1939, Minxian County became a united front area. The Anti Japanese National Salvation Association of Minxian county (actually the county Party committee and the county government) led by the Communist Party of China and the national government of Minxian County led by the Kuomintang were stationed in Minxian county. On February 18, 1940, after the Eighth Route Army escorted Jiang Longyan, the KMT county magistrate, away from the situation of Minxian County, Luo Chengde, the elected county magistrate (director of the anti enemy Support Committee), issued the notice of Minxian county government in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region, saying that Minxian County was under the jurisdiction of the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region. In March 1947, the Kuomintang invaded the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region. The border county government led by the Communist Party of China withdrew from the county seat and moved to the western mountainous area. The Kuomintang reestablished the county national government in the county seat. In March 1948, the KMT fled to the south in a rout, and the government of Minxian County in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region led by the Communist Party of China returned to the county seat, which belonged to the Huanglong sub district, and later changed to the extended sub district.

On October 1, 1949, the people's Republic of China was established. After the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region completed its historical task, the county belonged to Yan'an District Office of Shaanxi Province in 1950.

At the end of 1958, small counties merged with large ones, and Minxian and Luochuan merged.

In 1961, large counties were divided into small ones, and the establishment of Minxian county was restored. It is subordinate to Yan'an district administrative office of Shaanxi Province. In 1964, it was changed to Fuxian county because of its rare name.

administrative division

Geography

position

Fuxian County, located in the north of Shaanxi Province and the south of Yan'an area, belongs to the hilly and gully area of Weibei Loess Plateau. Huanglong Mountain System borders Yichuan and Luochuan in the East, Huangling in the south, Ningxian County in Gansu Province across Ziwuling in the west, and Zhidan, Ganquan and Yan'an in the north. The geographical coordinates are between 108 degrees 29 minutes 30 seconds to 109 degrees 42 minutes 54 seconds east longitude and 35 degrees 44 minutes 6 seconds to 36 degrees 23 minutes 23 seconds north latitude. The ancient name of the county is wujiaocheng, with "Three Rivers meeting, five roads silencing the throat" as a place for military strategists of past dynasties. It is 1305km away from Beijing, 290km away from Xi'an, 90km away from Yan'an, and 100km away from Yichuan, 45km away from Luochuan, 80km away from Huangling, 145km away from Heshui and 45km away from Ganquan.

landforms

As far as Fuxian county is concerned, there are Luohe River in the East and Hulu River in the West (Lushui in ancient times). The central part between the two river basins is the "five fingers" original surface of "palm" with the elevation of 1390.3 meters in beidaodezhao Bashi highland: "thumb" taianyuan, more than 10 kilometers long; "index finger" tongeryuan, more than 20 kilometers long; "middle finger" Yangquan yuan, more than 30 kilometers long; "ring finger" beidaodeyuan (also known as Lushui) Liuchiyuan (liuchiyuan) is more than 20 kilometers long, yujiayuan (Xiaozhi) is more than 10 kilometers long. There are Jiaotong yuan to the east of Luohe River, Sixian yuan and nandaode yuan to the southwest of Hulu river. The northern part of the original area is hilly and gully, and the western part of the county is rocky low mountains, river terraces and other different landforms.

climate

Fuxian is located in the mid latitude semi-arid area, which belongs to the continental warm temperate monsoon climate, with sufficient light and four distinct seasons: windy in spring, hot in summer, rainy in autumn and dry and cold in winter. It has a vast territory, many geomorphic types, great differences in climate conditions with time and space distribution, and frequent natural disasters. The average annual total radiation is more than 13.16 kcal · cm2, and the annual sunshine hours are more than 415.5 hours, with an average difference of 1.14 hours per day. The annual average temperature in most areas of Fuxian county is about 8-9 ℃. The annual average temperature in Western forest areas and other mountainous areas is mostly between 7-8 ℃. There is a great difference in the annual average temperature, and the maximum difference is about 2 ℃. The annual average precipitation is about 500-600 mm, and its distribution tends to decrease with the increase of latitude.

resources

water resource

The average annual runoff of surface water in Fuxian county is 475.68 million cubic meters, including 103.49 million cubic meters of self-produced water, 372.19 million cubic meters of transit passenger water, and 2390.6 million cubic meters of annual precipitation. Luohe River and Hulu River (called Lushui River in ancient times) are all transit rivers. Luohe River flows 26 kilometers in the territory, with a drainage area of 1124.57 square kilometers, an average annual runoff of 358.22 million m3, and an average annual runoff of 18.91 m3 per second. Hulu river flows 109 kilometers in the territory, with a drainage area of 3057 square kilometers, an average annual runoff of 117.46 million m3, and an average annual flow of 3.73 m3 per second. The runoff modulus of Luohe River Basin and HULUHE river basin is 1.02 L / km2 · s and 0.69 L / km2 · s respectively

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Yan An Shi Fu Xian