Lushui City, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Lushui City, a county-level city in Yunnan Province, is under the jurisdiction of Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture. It is located in the west of Yunnan Province, bordering Fugong County in the north, Lanping Bai and Pumi Autonomous County in the northeast, Yunlong County in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture in the East, Longyang District in Baoshan City in the south, Tengchong city in the southwest, and Myanmar in the west, with a total area of 3203.04 square kilometers The line is 136.24 km long, accounting for 3.36% of the border line of Yunnan Province.

By the end of 2015, Lushui had jurisdiction over 6 towns and 3 townships, with a total population of 178758 (2014). There are 21 ethnic groups such as Lisu, Bai and nu living in Lushui City, and the minority population accounts for 87% of the total population. Lushui county is located in the longitudinal valley of Hengduan Mountains, with magnificent and dangerous valleys and mountains. It is an important part of "Three Parallel Rivers" world natural heritage and Shangri La eco-tourism area in China.

In 2015, the GDP of Lushui City reached 4.187 billion yuan, and the per capita disposable income of urban and rural permanent residents reached 19195 yuan and 4877 yuan respectively.

On September 25, 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county" of the Ministry of Commerce. On November 13, 2020, Lushui City withdrew from the poverty-stricken county (city) sequence with the approval of Yunnan Provincial People's government.

Evolution of organizational system

In the second year of Yuanfeng reign of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty (109 BC), Lushui belonged to Bisu County, Yizhou county.

In the 10th year of Yongping (AD 67) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Western Duwei of Yizhou was set up. In the 12th year, the Western Duwei of Yizhou was changed to Yongchang County. The whole territory of Lushui was divided into two counties of Yongchang County, kaitang county and Bisu county.

Shu Han, Western Jin, county under the same Eastern Han Dynasty.

In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Yongchang was divided into Xihe county and Lushui was divided into Chengchang and Jian'an counties.

In the Southern Dynasties, the county was changed to a prefecture in the early period, and Lushui was a prefecture of Yinzhou.

During the period of Nanzhao regime, it belonged to Yongchang.

During the Dali regime of Song Dynasty, Lushui belonged to Shengxiang county.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Lushui belonged to yunlongdian Junmin government (subordinate to Jinchi Fusi) and Yongchang government.

In 1620 A.D., Duan Cai and Duan Jiaqi, descendants of Duan family in Yunlong Prefecture, were divided into Laowo and Liuku areas on the East Bank of Nujiang River in Lushui.

In 1752, after the Qing government suppressed the Lisu People's uprising led by nonggengpa, in order to strengthen its rule, two chieftains, Laowo and Liuku, were set up on the East Bank of Nujiang River in Lushui, which was under Yunlong Prefecture; on the West Bank of Nujiang River, three chieftains, denggeng and luzhang, were set up, which were under Baoshan County of Yongchang Prefecture.

In 1913, in order to contain the British invasion of China, Yunnan local government merged denggeng, luzhang and Maozhao chieftains in Baoshan county with Liuku and Laowo chieftains in Yunlong prefecture to form Lushui administrative committee area. The administrative office was temporarily located in Liuku. The next year, it moved to luzhang and was subordinate to Tengyue Road.

In 1929, there were supervisors set up along the frontier. Lushui administrative committee was subordinate to the general situation Office of Yunnan's first frontier governor county (in Tengchong).

In 1932, the administrative committee of the people's Republic of China set up Lushui Administrative Bureau, which was subordinate to Tengchong office.

In 1937, after the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, Lushui first belonged to the office of the Sixth District administrative inspector general, and then to the office of the twelfth district administrative inspector general (stationed in Baoshan).

In January 1948, it was transferred from the office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision of the 12th district to the office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision of the 13th district (in Weixi). In November of the same year, it was transferred back to the 12th district.

On January 13, 1950, Lushui declared its peaceful liberation, and at the same time established the Lushui people's Provisional Administrative Committee, which was set up in luzhang. On June 1, 1950, the Lushui Administrative Bureau was set up, which is subordinate to Baoshan special area.

In February 1951, the people's Government of Lushui county was established.

In 1954, the Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Region was established, and Lushui was under the jurisdiction of Nujiang district from Baoshan.

In January 1957, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture was established, and Lushui was subordinate to Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture.

On June 4, 1961, according to the Sino Burmese border treaty, Pianma, Gulang and gangfang were returned to China by the union of Myanmar, and the piangugang special zone was set up, which was directly under the jurisdiction of Lijiang special office.

In 1988, the district was changed to township (town), with nine townships (towns) under the jurisdiction of the city.

In 2016, with the approval of the State Council, it was agreed to abolish Lushui county and establish a county-level Lushui city. The former administrative region of Lushui county is the administrative region of Lushui City, and the people's Government of Lushui city is located at No. 1, Longjiang Road, Liuku town. Lushui city is under the jurisdiction of Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture.

On November 13, 2020, Lushui City withdrew from the poverty-stricken county (city) sequence with the approval of Yunnan Provincial People's government.

administrative division

Division evolution

In June 1954, the four townships originally belonging to the fourteenth District of Baoshan county were assigned to Lushui County, known as Shangjiang district.

In June 1954, four townships, Binggong, manyun, Fubang and laimao, originally belonging to the fourteenth District of Baoshan County, were assigned to Lushui county.

In March 1955, there were 14 townships in Caojian District of Yunlong County, and one town under the jurisdiction of Lushui county was still called Caojian district. In October of the same year, it was returned to Yunlong County.

In September 1966, piangugang holding area was changed from Lijiang to Lushui county. Piangugang district is now Pianma town.

In November 1978, Yunlong County Laowo commune was under the jurisdiction of Lushui county.

In December 1986, the organizational system of Bijiang county was abolished, and the former Gudeng and luobenzhuo townships of Bijiang county were put under the jurisdiction of Lushui county.

In October 1987, luzhang district was changed into luzhang town.

In March 1988, Liuku district and Liuku town were merged to form Liuku town. In the same year, Liuku district was changed into township (town), with nine townships (towns) under the jurisdiction of the city.

In 1992, a town was set up in pianmachu township.

Zoning details

As of 2014, Lushui city has jurisdiction over 5 towns, 2 townships and 2 ethnic townships, with a total of 9 administrative regions, 71 villages and 5 communities, 76 mass autonomous organizations and 1130 villager groups. The government is in Liuku town.

geographical environment

Location context

Lushui City, located in the northwest of Yunnan Province and the south of Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, is located between 99'34 "99'09" east longitude and 25'33 "26'32" north latitude, adjacent to Biluo snow mountain in the East, Lanping and Yunlong counties in the East, Baoshan City in the south, Tengchong County and the Republic of Myanmar in the west, and Fugong County in the north. The maximum horizontal distance is 58 km, the maximum vertical distance is 108 km, covering an area of 3203.04 square kilometers. The sixth depot is 569 km away from Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province.

topographic features

Lushui city is mainly composed of one river and two mountains. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south. It is located in the longitudinal valley of Western Yunnan at the southern end of Hengduan Mountains: Biluo snow mountain in the East and Gaoligong Mountain in the West with Nujiang river running through the whole city from north to south. The two mountains in the East and West crisscross and there are many peaks.

The highest point in Lushui city is Yabian peak in Chenggan Township, with an altitude of 4161.6 meters. The lowest point is Shitouzhai in Shangjiang Town, with an altitude of 738 meters and a relative elevation difference of 3423.6 meters, forming a typical "V" shaped Alpine canyon landscape. Lushui is characterized by mountains, ravines, rugged terrain, and "high mountains and deep valleys, few flat land".

climate

Lushui belongs to the Indian Ocean tropical monsoon climate. The climate in Lushui is mainly affected by the Indian Ocean tropical monsoon, which is characterized by obvious dryness and wetness. At the same time, it is affected by the complex terrain background and atmospheric circulation. The regional differences are obvious. The terrain climate, local climate and local microclimate are very prominent. It is said that "one river, two mountains and three climates" and "one mountain is divided into four seasons and different days" The climate is particularly obvious. From the bottom of Nujiang Valley to the top of Nujiang mountain, there are three climate zones: subtropical zone, temperate zone and frigid zone. In 2014, the average annual temperature of Liuku was 21.2 ℃ and the annual precipitation was 747.6 mm.

hydrology

The Nujiang River flows through Lushui city for 120 kilometers, with 53 tributaries, and the Irrawaddy River system flows through Pianma town for 5 kilometers.

natural resources

Hydropower resources

As of 2014, the theoretical reserves of water energy in Lushui city is about 5.52 million kilowatts, and 5.555 million kilowatts can be developed and utilized.

Mineral resources

As of 2014, the main minerals in Lushui city are iron, copper, aluminum, zinc, antimony, beryllium, silver, marble, flower rock, crystal, silicon, etc. It has explored 170000 tons of metal ore reserves, including 21500 tons of tin and tungsten, 148500 tons of lead and zinc; 4.9836 million tons of non-metal ore reserves, including 514000 tons of marble, 1.37 million tons of coal, 157600 tons of geothermal, 2.942 million tons of silicon.

Biological resources

According to the survey results of fishery resources in Nujiang Prefecture in 2007, there are 55 species of fishes in the river waters of Lushui City, including 42 indigenous economic fishes.

In 2015, the newly increased afforestation area in Lushui city was 276000 mu, with a forest coverage rate of 76.2%. The fifth species of snub nosed monkey in the world was discovered and named "Nujiang snub nosed monkey" in the National Nature Reserve. There are more than 140 kinds of mammals and 300 kinds of birds. Among them, antelope, white browed gibbon, Indian tiger, leopard, pangolin, yellow muntjac, water deer, red bellied horned pheasant, Green Peacock, silver pheasant and golden pheasant are included in the national key protection. There are more than 1000 kinds of higher plants in the territory, among which more than 20 kinds of rare tree species are protected by the state, such as tungyu, hemlock, Toona sinensis, Liriodendron, Zhennan, shuilian, Chuizhi Xiangbai, baikemu, Dashu Dujuan, Taxus chinensis, Eucommia ulmoides, Magnolia officinalis, etc.

Population nationality

population

In 2014, the total population of the city was 178 thousand and 758 (registered residence population), of which 43 thousand and 531 were non agricultural population, accounting for 24.35% of the total population. The natural growth rate of population is 7.45%.

nation

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Nu Jiang Li Su Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Lu Shui Shi