Hancheng City, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province

Hancheng, a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi Province, is managed by Weinan City. It is located in the West Bank of the Yellow River in the east of Shaanxi Province and the northeast corner of Guanzhong Basin. It is adjacent to Yichuan in the north, Huanglong in the west, Heyang in the south, Hejin, Xiangning, Wanrong and other counties and cities in Shanxi Province across the Yellow River in the East. It is more than 240 kilometers away from Xi'an, the provincial capital, with a total area of 1621 square kilometers. In 2019, Hancheng City governs 2 streets and 6 towns. The registered residence has a total population of 397 thousand and 20.

Hancheng has a long history. It was called "Longmen" in Xia and Shang Dynasties. The Western Zhou Dynasty was called Han (Hou), and later Liang (Bo). In the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, it was called Shaoliang. In the 11th year of emperor Huiwen of Qin Dynasty (327 BC), Xiayang county was established. Sui kaihuang eighteen years (598) renamed Hancheng county. There have been several changes since. In the first year of Tiancheng (926), Emperor mingzong of the later Tang Dynasty renamed Hancheng County, and there was no change since then.

Hancheng is a national food safety demonstration city, a national health city, an excellent tourism city in China, a key PPP innovation city in the field of major municipal engineering, and an advantage area of agricultural products with Chinese characteristics.

In 2018, the GDP of Hancheng City was 36.9 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry was 2.25 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 25.28 billion yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry was 9.37 billion yuan, the tertiary industrial structure was 6.1:68.5:25.4, and the per capita GDP was 92244 yuan.

Historical evolution

As early as the late Paleolithic period (80000-50000 years ago), Hancheng had the footprint of human activities.

The Xia and Shang dynasties belong to Yongzhou, and there is a record of "Longmen, Yugong and Yongzhou". It is said that Xiayu "Daohe Jishi, as for the Longmen", so the history of "Longmen" for Hancheng region.

In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the son of King Wu of Zhou (Ming Yi Zhuan Nian) was granted to Han, and food was collected in the area of Hanyuan, which is called the state of Han (Hou Nian). During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou, Kang, the youngest son of Qin Zhong, was granted the title of Liang mountain, which is called the state of Liang (Bonan). In the 11th year of King Xiang of Zhou Dynasty (641 BC), it was destroyed by Duke mu of Qin Dynasty, and the present Korean city of South Korea, Shaoliang, is its capital. According to Hancheng county annals of Ming Dynasty, "Han is the kingdom of Hou and Bo."

In the spring and Autumn period, Jin Dynasty granted Han Wuzi ten thousand yuan. According to the records of natural history, "Han, the fief of Wuzi.". After Wuzi, xianzijue was granted the surname of Han. At that time, Jin occupied Hexi, bordering Qin. In the seventh year of King Xiang of Zhou Dynasty (645 BC), Qin and Yiwu, Duke Huigong of Jin Dynasty, fought in Han Dynasty. Qin defeated Jin Dynasty, captured his monarch and offered Hexi land to Jin Dynasty. In the spring of the second year of King QingWang of Zhou Dynasty (617 BC), Jin attacked Qin and took Shaoliang.

In the Warring States period, in the 28th year of King Zhending of Zhou Dynasty (441 BC), Shaoliang city belonged to Wei Dynasty. In the 14th year of King Zhou Weilie (412 BC), Wei conquered Qin fanpang, and Qin City moved to Gu. In the 26th year of king an of Zhou Dynasty (376 BC), Han, Zhao and Wei divided Jin and Shaoliang into Wei. In the seventh year of King Xian of Zhou Dynasty (362 BC), Qin defeated Wei in Shaoliang, captured the grandson of Wei Xianggong and captured Wei fanpang city. In the 15th year of King Xian of Zhou Dynasty (354 BC), Qin and Wei fought in Yuanli (now in Dali County), beheading 7000 people and taking Shaoliang. In the 11th year of emperor Huiwen of Qin Dynasty (327 BC), the capital of Xiayang was established in the Liang Dynasty.

The Qin Dynasty destroyed the six states, and Xiayang was a place of internal history.

In the first month of the first year of emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC), Xiang Yu was granted three kings successively, and Dong Yi was granted the title of Zhai king, who led the Northern Shaanxi. In August, Liu Bang entered Guanzhong. In the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (155 B.C.) before the reign of emperor Jingdi, one part of the history County of fennei was zuonei. In the first year of the Taichu reign of Emperor Wu (104 BC), Zuo NEISHI changed his name to Zuo Fengxiang.

In Xinmang period, Xiayang was changed to Jiting, which was under the rule of Liewei.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Guangwu was revived, the capital of the state moved eastward, the Sanfu of Xijing (jingzhaoyin, zuofengxiang, youfufeng year) remained unchanged, and Jiting was still zuofengxiang after it was renamed Xiayang. From the first year of Emperor Guangwu's Jianwu (25 years) to the second year of emperor Yongping (59 years), Yingyang was merged into Xiayang.

During the period of the Three Kingdoms, the state of Wei dominated the Central Plains, Xiayang belonged to fengxu County of Yongzhou of Wei, and Jin was still due to it. Later, it belonged to Huashan county.

In the fifth year of Yonghe (349), Emperor mu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty moved to Xiayang from Fushi (now Yan'an) to avoid the Qiang rebellion. In 351, Fu Jian established the pre Qin Dynasty in Chang'an.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, in 487, Xiayang belonged to Huashan County of Huazhou. In 553, the second year of Yuanqin, the abolished emperor of the Western Wei Dynasty, was subordinate to Wuxiang County of Tongzhou. Yuwenjue abolished Wei and established the Northern Zhou Dynasty. In 558, Xiayang was merged into Yingyang.

In the 18th year of kaihuang (598), Xiayang was separated from Yingyang and set up a new County, which was renamed Hancheng by ancient Korea and belonged to fengxu county.

In the first year of Wude, Emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty (618), it was transferred to West Korea. In 625, xihanzhou was moved to Hancheng County, leading Hancheng County, Yingyang county and Hexi county. Taizong Zhenguan eight years (634) abolition of the state. In the first year of emperor Qianyuan (758), Hancheng was changed into Xiayang, which was under the jurisdiction of Hezhong Prefecture. In 905, it was renamed Hanyuan County.

In the late Liang Dynasty, it belonged to the Hezhong mansion. In 926, it was renamed Hancheng. It belongs to the same state.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, he was attached to Feng Yijun, the national army of Yongxing Luding. In the first month of the second year of Jianyan (1128), Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty, general Lou Su of the Jin Dynasty entered Shaanxi on ice from Longmen, Hancheng, and Guanzhong was not in the Jin Dynasty. In 1215, Zhenzhou was set up, leading Hancheng and Yingyang counties.

In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty (1264), the state was abandoned as a county. In the second year of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhenzhou was reestablished. The county site was moved to Tuling, 20 kilometers northwest of the present county. In the sixth year of the reign of Emperor Shun of the Yuan Dynasty (1340), Zhenzhou was withdrawn and changed to Tongzhou. The county seat was moved back to its present location.

In 1374, Hancheng belonged to Tongguan Road, Tongzhou, Shaanxi Province.

In the early Qing Dynasty, the system of Ming Dynasty was adopted, belonging to TongZhou business road of Xi'an Prefecture. In 1725, Tongzhou was changed into Zhili. Thirteen years (1735) TongZhou Shengfu, Hancheng still belongs to it.

After the revolution of 1911, it belonged to Guanzhong Dao of Shaanxi Province. In 1928, the system of Dao was abolished and directly under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi Province. In 1939, Hancheng was the eighth administrative supervision district.

On March 24, 1948, Hancheng was liberated for the second time. In June 1949, it was changed to Dali District.

In May 1950, Dali District was abolished and changed to Weinan district. In October 1956, it was directly under the jurisdiction of the province. In January 1959, Heyang and baimatan commune of Huanglong county were merged into Hancheng. On August 15, 1961, the original building was restored, belonging to Weinan special area. In March 1972, the special area was renamed area, and Hancheng was still under the jurisdiction. Approved by the State Council in October 1983, it was changed into Hancheng City in January 1984 (county-level city year), still belonging to Weinan region.

In May 1995, Weinan was under the jurisdiction of Weinan City after the land reform.

On May 25, 2012, Shaanxi provincial Party committee and provincial government issued "opinions on carrying out pilot projects in Hancheng City, which clearly upgraded Hancheng City to the administrative system of deputy city department level. On the premise of not changing the current administrative subordination, the financial and tax system is fully under provincial direct management, and has the same economic and social management authority as the city divided into districts".

administrative division

By 2019, Hancheng City has two streets and six towns. Hancheng Municipal People's government is located in Xincheng street.

geographical environment

Location context

Hancheng City is located in the northeast corner of Guanzhong Plain in Shaanxi Province, adjacent to Yichuan County of Yan'an City in the north, Huanglong County in the west, Heyang County of Weinan City in the south, and Xiangning County of Linfen City, Hejin City of Yuncheng City and Wanrong County of Shanxi Province across the Yellow River in the East. It is located between 110 ° 07 ′ 19 ″ - 110 ° 37 ′ 24 ″ E and 35 ° 18 ′ 50 ″ - 35 ° 52 ′ 08 ″ n. It is 50.7 kilometers long from north to South and 42.2 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 1621 square kilometers.

geological structure

Hancheng is located in the compound part of the east wing of the front arc of qiluhe mountain shaped structure and the third subsidence zone of Neocathaysian structural system. It is bounded by the Northeast southwest piedmont fault (Hancheng fault), the Weifen graben in the southeast and the fold area of Northern Shaanxi basin margin in the Ordos platform Syncline in the northwest. The structure is complex and the mineral resources are rich. There are conditions for moderate strong earthquakes.

topographic features

Hancheng is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. Most of the deep mountains in the West are beam shaped mountains, generally at an altitude of more than 900 meters. Daling at the boundary of Hancheng and Huanglong is 1788 meters above sea level, which is the highest point in the whole city. The middle part of the shallow mountain area is mostly loess hills, with an altitude of 600-900 meters. The eastern Loess Plateau is generally 400-600 meters above sea level. The lower reaches of the river and the Yellow River beach are mostly below 400 meters above sea level. Zhichuankou in the south of the city is 357 meters above sea level, the lowest land surface in the city. There are many geomorphic types in the area, such as mountain, plain, plain and so on, in which deep mountains and shallow hills account for 69% of the total area.

climatic conditions

Hancheng is located in warm temperate semi-arid region, which belongs to continental monsoon climate, with four distinct seasons, mild climate, sufficient light and more rainfall. The annual average temperature is 13.5 ℃, and the accumulated temperature is 4626 ℃. The average annual precipitation is 559.7 mm, the frost free period is 208 days, and the sunshine is 2436 hours, which is conducive to the development of agricultural production. However, the rainfall was uneven, mainly in July, August and September. Drought is easy to occur in spring and summer. There are many showers and heavy intensity in summer, and soil erosion is serious.

population

By the end of 2018, the total number of households in Hancheng was 131 thousand and 609, with a total registered residence of 397 thousand and 20 people, 5373 fewer than the end of last year, of which 117 thousand and 47 were agricultural population and 279 thousand and 973 were urban population. The registered residence population was 193 thousand and 131 female and 105.57 gender ratio (100 for females and male to female). The birth rate is 11.60 ‰, the death rate is 5.82 ‰, and the natural growth rate is 5.5%

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Wei Nan Shi Han Cheng Shi