Ruili City, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Ruili Ruili City belongs to Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province. Located in the west of Yunnan Province, between 97.31 ′～ 98.02 ′ E and 23.38 ′～ 24.14 ′ n, it belongs to Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture. It has a total area of 1020 square kilometers and a total population of 210475 (in 2019). The government is located in mengmao town.

Ruili City is adjacent to Mangshi in the East, Longchuan County in the north, Myanmar mountains and rivers in the northwest, southwest and Southeast, villages facing each other, and Myanmar national port city muse. It is the only border trade zone with special management in accordance with the mode of "inside and outside the customs".

Ruili is the largest inland port in Southwest China, an important jewelry distribution center, and one of the first batch of excellent tourism cities in China. Ruili is also one of China's 17 international land port cities and the first stop for the China Myanmar oil and gas pipeline to enter China.

On December 7, 2016, Ruili was listed as the third batch of national new urbanization comprehensive pilot areas. Top 100 tourism counties in China in 2019.

Historical division

Historical evolution

Ruili City belongs to the "mengmao" territory of the Dai nationality in ancient times.

In the first year of King Zhou Weilie (425 BC), the "mengzhang" (Baoshan Basin) Dai tribe called on all the Dai tribes to form an alliance state "mengdaguang" (ailaoguo in Chinese), and the "mengmao" Dai tribe joined "mengdaguang" (ailaoguo).

Mengdaguang (Ailao state) was conquered by the Han Dynasty in the 12th year of Yongping (69th year) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and its location was Yongchang County. Today Ruili belongs to Ailao County of Yongchang County. In the second year of Jianchu period (77th year), after failing to resist the rule of Han Dynasty, "zhaodaguang" (Ailao king) was forced to migrate to the west of Nujiang River to reorganize the alliance state "mengdaguang" (Chinese translation of "Shan State"); today Ruili belongs to "mengdaguang" (Shan State).

In the eighth year of Chen Taijian's reign (576), mengmao, governed by Hun Lu and Hun Lai brothers, was separated from mengdaguang and developed independently;

In 586, mengdaguang (Shan State) was destroyed by the PYU people. Hunlu and hunlai brothers united with other Dai "Meng" (States) to form an alliance state "mengguo zhanbi" (former Guo zhanbi state) to fight against the PYU people and inherit the version of "mengdaguang" (Shan State). Today Ruili belongs to "mengguo zhanbi" (former Guo zhanbi state).

In the first year of Tang BAOYING (762), mengshe (Nanzhao state) annexed all the ministries to the west of Lancang River and all the ministries of mengguo zhanbi state (former Guozhanbi state), and established Yongchang Jiedu and Zhenxi Jiedu in imitation of Tang Dynasty system; today Ruili belongs to Yongchang Jiedu of mengshe (Nanzhao state).

In 954, the first year of Later Zhou Xiande, "mengguo zhanbi" (the consequence of zhanbi) restored the state, respected Dali as "menghuoxiang" (the country of gems), and called itself "menghuohan" (the country of gold); today Ruili is "mengmao" of "mengguo zhanbi".

In the second year of JINGDING (1261) of the Southern Song Dynasty, the great Mongolia called on all kinds of local tribes west of Lancang River to set up the Department of pacification, such as Jinchi. Mengguo zhanbi (the consequence of zhanbi) was equivalent to disintegration. Today Ruili belongs to the Department of pacification, such as Jinchi.

In 1271, the pacification Department of Jinchi was divided into two groups: the East pacifier (zhenkang road pacifier) and the West pacifier (Jianning road pacifier). Today, Ruili belongs to the West pacifier of Jinchi. In 1278, the Yuan Dynasty (the former great Mongolia) set up the Department of pacification in Jinchi and other places, and the former West Road pacification envoy set up the Department of Xuanfu in Zhenxi, pingmian, Luchuan and other roads, and now Ruili belongs to Luchuan road. In the 23rd year of Zhiyuan (1286), the Xuanfu Department of kangmang, Shi ruoyuan and other roads in Zhenxi were cut off, and the Xuanfu Department of minluchuan and other roads in Zhenxi were merged into the Xuanfu Department of Jinchi and other places in Dali (later changed to the Marshal's office of Jinchi and other Xuanfu departments in Dali); today Ruili still belongs to Luchuan road. In the first year of Huangqing (1312), sihanfa, the Dai leader of "mengmao" (Ruili River valley basin), annexed the surrounding areas and established the alliance state "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state in Chinese); today Ruili belongs to "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state). In 1355, "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) was attached to the Yuan Dynasty, where pingmian xuanweisi was set up; today Ruili belongs to pingmian xuanweisi.

In 1384, "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) was attached to the Ming Dynasty, where Luchuan pingmian xuanweisi was set up; today Ruili belongs to Luchuan pingmian xuanweisi. After the second year of Jianwen (1400), the Ming Dynasty gradually "analyzed Luchuan land" (so that Luchuan pingmian xuanweisi was only left in the south of Liang, Mangshi, Longchuan, Ruili, Mujie and Nankan); in the third year of Xuande (1428), Luchuan pingmian xuanweisi broke away from the Ming Dynasty and resumed "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) to expand to the surrounding areas; in the fourth year of Zhengtong (1439), "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) ）The Ming Dynasty defeated the Ming army and occupied the "ancestral land" to the west of Lancang River; in 1441, 1442 and 1448, the Ming Dynasty devoted half of its power to "three expeditions" in Luchuan; in the second expeditions, the regime of "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) was forced from "mengmao" (Ruili River valley basin) to "Mengyang" (today's Kachin state of Myanmar). In the ninth year of Zhengtong (1444), the Ming Dynasty established another Xuanfu department in Longchuan (which governs today's Longchuan, Mangshi Zhefang, Ruili, Mujie, Nankan, etc.); today's Ruili belongs to the Xuanfu department in Longchuan. In the 32nd year of Wanli (1604), in the Ming Dynasty, mengmao pacification division was set up in Xuanfu division of Longchuan (governing today's Ruili, Mujie and Nankan of Myanmar); today's Ruili belongs to mengmao pacification division.

In the 16th year of Shunzhi (1659), the Qing Dynasty established the mengmao pacification department along the Ming Dynasty, and today Ruili belongs to the mengmao pacification department. In the 23rd year of Guangxu (1897), the Qing Dynasty signed the relevant border treaty with Britain. In the name of "permanent rent", Britain obtained the south of mengmao pacification Si Ruili River and the west of Nanwan River (today's Mujie City, Nankan County, mangyun town of BAMO County, etc.), and the Qing Dynasty retained the north of mengmao pacification Si Ruili River and the east of Nanwan River (today's Ruili City).

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the government of the Republic of China set up the zhemao Tanya Committee on top of the Deputy Xuanfu Department of Zhefang and the mengmao pacification department;

In the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), zhemao was abolished and mengmao administrative committee was set up in mengmao pacification department; in 1932, mengmao administrative committee was abolished and Ruili Administrative Bureau was set up in mengmao pacification department.

In 1942, the Japanese occupied mengmao pacification department, and the personnel of Ruili Administration Bureau of the national government withdrew;

In January 1945, the Japanese army withdrew from the mengmao pacification department, and the Ruili Administration Bureau of the national government was restored.

In 1950, the Chinese people's Liberation Army entered the mengmao pacification department; in 1952, the Communist Party led government abolished the mengmao pacification department and set up Ruili county.

In June 1992, Ruili county was abolished and Ruili City at county level was established; in December of the same year, Ruili border economic cooperation zone and Nongdao economic development zone were established.

In February 1999, Wanding city at county level was abolished and merged into Ruili City at county level;

administrative division

In February 1999, Chengguan Town, Hunban Township and Mangbang Township under the jurisdiction of Wanding city were merged into Ruili City at the county level; Ruili City governed 2 towns and 7 townships: mengmao Town, Jiele Township, Jiexiang Township, Nongdao Township, mengxiu Township, Huyu Township, Chengguan Town, manbang Township and Hunban township.

In August 2000, Jiegao border trade zone was established in Jiegao Township, and in July 2002, Nongdao economic development zone was abolished.

In 2003, Ruili City had jurisdiction over Jiegao border trade zone, Wanding Economic Development Zone, Ruili border economic cooperation zone, mengmao, Nongdao and Chengguan towns, Mangbang, Hunban, Jiele, Jiexiang, Huyu and mengxiu townships, 7 offices and 24 administrative villages in Chengguan, Jiegao, Tuanjie, Jiegang, mengmao, Yinhe and Ruihong, 229 cooperatives and 274 natural villages.

In October 2005, Ruili City abolished Jiele Township and merged into mengmao Town, and the town government was stationed in the former Jiele township government; Mangbang Township, Hunban Township and Chengguan town were merged into Wanding Town, and the town government was stationed in the former Chengguan town government.

In June 2011, the General Administration of agricultural reclamation of Yunnan Province transferred Ruili farm and Wanding farm to Ruili City; Ruili farm has 6 offices, including mengmao, Heji, Nongdao, Leiyun, Kalan and Moli, 55 production teams, and Wanding farm has 9 production teams.

Ruili City has jurisdiction over 3 towns (mengmao Town, Wanding town and Nongdao town), 3 townships (Jiexiang Township, mengxiu Township and Huyu township), 11 residents' committees, 29 villagers' committees, 229 villagers' groups and 283 natural villages; it also has jurisdiction over 2 state farms (Ruili farm and Wanding farm); there are Jiegao border trade zone, Wanding Economic Development Zone, Ruili border economic cooperation zone and other economic development zones Experimental Area.

geographical environment

Location context

Ruili City is located in the southwest of Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province. Myanmar borders on the northwest, southwest and Southeast. It is located in the South extension part of Gaoligong Mountain in Hengduan Mountains, with high terrain in the northwest and low terrain in the southeast. It lies between 97.31 ′ - 98.02 ′ E and 23.38 ′ - 24.14 ′ n. The land road is 752km away from Kunming, the provincial capital, and 103km away from Mangshi, the state capital. It is the terminal point of national highway 320, which starts from Shanghai in the East and reaches Ruili in the West. It is the intersection of Kunming Ruili highway and China India highway (Stilwell highway). It is connected with Mangshi in the East, Longchuan County in the north, and Myanmar in the northwest, southwest and Southeast.

climate

Ruili City has a subtropical monsoon climate, with two seasons of drought and rain, basically no frost. The annual average temperature is 21 ℃, the annual precipitation is 1394.8 mm, and the annual average sunshine is 2330 hours. There is no severe cold in winter, no intense heat in summer, and flowers bloom in four seasons,

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng De Hong Dai Zu Jing Po Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Rui Li Shi