Kulun banner, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Kulun banner Kulun banner is a banner under the jurisdiction of Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The people's Government of Kulun banner is located in Kulun town. It is located in the southwest of Tongliao City. It is adjacent to Keerqin left wing rear banner in the East, Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County and Zhangwu County in Liaoning Province in the south, Naiman Banner in the West and Kailu County in the north. It is located between 121 ° 09 ′ - 122 ° 21 ′ E and 42 ° 21 ′ - 43 ° 14 ′ n.

Aluminum, zinc, limestone, marble, kaolin, iron and other abundant reserves. Rich in buckwheat and miscellaneous grains and beans, it is known as "the hometown of buckwheat in China".

On January 9, 2019, Kulun banner was selected as the "hometown of Chinese folk culture and art" in 2018-2020 by virtue of Andai dance. On March 4, 2020, the people's Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region agreed to withdraw Kulun banner from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties.

Historical evolution

Kulun, Mongolian, means courtyard. As early as the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, human beings fought and nomaded in Kulun banner.

Around 1632, Tibetan eminent monks preached to this place and designated the territory as Manshu hilikulun. In 1646, the banner was established in the third year of the reign of emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty, and the integration of administration and education was carried out for 285 years. Kulun banner was established in the early Qing Dynasty.

In 1633, the Tibetan monk ahkhiriba preached to this place and delimited the border as his territory, which was called Manshu xilikulun.

In the third year of Shunzhi reign of Qing Dynasty (1646), xilantu kulunzha sakda Lama banner was built, which was the only banner in Monan Mongolian region to implement the system of integration of administration and religion. It lasted for nearly 300 years.

In 1931, after the separation of church and state, xilantu kulenza sakda Lama banner was renamed Kulun banner.

From April 1946 to September 1949, it belonged to Zhelimu League of Liaoxi Province, Liaoji province and Liaobei province.

After October 1949, it belonged to Zhelimu League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. From July 1969 to July 1979, it was transferred to Jilin Province with Zhelimu League.

In July 1979, it was returned to the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In January 1999, the Zhelimu League was set up as a city, and Kulun banner was under the jurisdiction of Tongliao City.

administrative division

It has jurisdiction over 7 Sumu, 107 Gacha villages, 80 villages, 8 community neighborhood committees and 598 resident groups. Under its jurisdiction: Kulun Town, kouhezi Town, Baiyinhua Town, Liujiazi Town, erlshun Town, manghansumu Town, advanced Sumu town and Shuiquan town.

geographical environment

Location context

Kulun banner is located in the southwest of Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is adjacent to Keerqin left wing rear banner in the East, Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County and Zhangwu County in Liaoning Province in the south, Naiman Banner in the West and Kailu County in the north. It is located between 121 ° 09 ′ - 122 ° 21 ′ E and 42 ° 21 ′ - 43 ° 14 ′ n. The total area is 4714 square kilometers.

topographic features

Kulun banner is located in the transition section from northern Yanshan mountain to Horqin sandy land. Yanshan Mountains extend from the southwest of the banner and connect with the vast Horqin Sandy Land in the middle, forming the landform of continuous shallow mountains in the south, rolling hills in the middle and continuous sand dunes in the north. The overall terrain is high in the southwest and low in the northeast, with the highest altitude of 626.5 meters and the lowest point of 190 meters. Within the territory, the area of shallow earth rock mountains is 1.5 million mu, accounting for 21.2% of the total area, the area of loess hills and gullies is 1.2 million mu, accounting for 17% of the total area, and the area of Sandy Hills is 897500 mu, accounting for 12.7% of the total land area. 3.3 million mu, accounting for 46.7% of the total area. The southern part of the banner is a shallow mountain area, which belongs to the edge of Yanbei mountain. There are more than ten peaks above 500 meters above sea level. The sea level of aqima mountain is 541.1 meters, and that of Dalu mountain is 518.1 meters.

climate

It has a continental climate. The annual average temperature is 6.6 ℃, the annual precipitation is 400-450 mm, and the frost free period is 140-150 days.

natural resources

Kulun banner is rich in resources. As of 2012, there are 27 kinds of proven minerals, including aluminum, zinc, limestone, marble, kaolin and iron. There are 1.46 million mu of forest land, 34% of forest cover, 2.803 million square meters of forest reserves, 3.98 million mu of grassland.

traffic

highway

Provincial Highway 305 line depot - pingduan highway runs through

After the completion of Kulun section on September 16, the highway from Kulun town of provincial highway 305 to Ping'an section of Liaoning Province has been completed. Recently, the highway in Ping'an section of Liaoning Province has also been completed. So far, the road has been opened to traffic.

The completion and opening of the Ku Ping section of the highway has shortened the distance between Tongliao City and Jinzhou, Beijing and other places, and opened up the shortest highway from Northeast China to Beijing. Ku Ping section of highway is provincial black road and expressway.

As of 2012, the total mileage of highways is 1382 km, including 570 km of grade highways (210 km of oil roads and 360 km of gravel roads), 54.6 km of provincial trunk roads, 4 273.9 km of county-level roads, 17 367 km of township roads and 690 km of village roads.

The situation of rural oil road and Village Road: Six Sumu (Sumu) towns, one farm, animal husbandry and forestry farm, realized rural oil road by the end of 2008; 186 Gacha villages in the banner realized village road in the "Eleventh Five Year Plan".

Village bus situation: there are 1 flag level passenger station and 6 rural passenger stations in the whole banner. There are 156 villages with regular buses, and 61 villages without regular buses.

Railway

Ganku railway connects with Ganqika station of Dazheng line and ends at Kulun station. The total length of the main line is 56.724km. There are three new stations, namely Daqinggou station, Sanjiazi station and Kulun station. Daqinggou station is a passenger station providing convenient transportation for Daqinggou tourists in Inner Mongolia's 4A tourist scenic spot. Sanjiazi station is a freight station providing convenient transportation for local production of cement, clinker, etc All business is handled. The project was completed in October 2011 and officially put into operation on July 25, 2012.

The opening and operation of ganku railway has injected vitality into the economic development of Kulun banner, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, ending the history of no railway in the banner.

Population nationality

In 2010, the total population of Kulun banner was 178000, including 138000 agricultural population and 114000 Mongolian population. It is a banner inhabited by 11 nationalities, such as Han, Hui and man, with Mongolian as the main body.

Economics

overview

Kulun banner belongs to the economic zone of combining agriculture with animal husbandry. It was designated as the national poverty banner in 1994 and the national key banner of poverty alleviation and development in 2002. The industry has initially formed four major industrial pillars: pharmaceutical and chemical industry, building materials, mineral development, and processing of agricultural and livestock products; in the aspect of agriculture and animal husbandry economy, the four major industrial bases mainly composed of livestock and poultry, miscellaneous grains and beans, edible fungi, and forest and grass have begun to take shape.

In 2012, the GDP of the whole banner reached 7 billion yuan, three times that of 2007, with an average annual increase of 28%. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 1.5 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 3.7 billion yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry was 1.8 billion yuan, two times, five times and three times that of 2007, respectively. The ratio of the three industries was adjusted from 34:32:34 in 2007 to 22:52:26 in 2012. The fiscal revenue reached 370 million yuan, four times that of 2007, with an average annual increase of 20% The total investment in fixed assets of the whole society reached 5 billion yuan, five times that of 2007, with an average annual increase of 37%; the per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen reached 15200 yuan and 6780 yuan respectively, with an increase of 6587 yuan and 3430 yuan respectively, with an average annual increase of 12% and 15%.

In 2018, the GDP of Kulun banner was 4.356 billion yuan; the public budget revenue was 149 million yuan; the fixed asset investment above quota was 630 million yuan; the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 1.844 billion yuan; the per capita disposable income of urban residents and farmers and herdsmen reached 25853 yuan and 11001 yuan respectively.

primary industry

Kulun banner is dominated by animal husbandry, combining agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. Cattle, horses, sheep and pigs are the main livestock. Grain crops include millet, buckwheat, corn, sorghum, soybean, rice, wheat, potato, etc. Economic crops are sesame, sunflower seed, castor seed, cotton, tobacco and so on. With an annual output of more than 15 million jin, Kulun buckwheat is a popular product in domestic and foreign markets.

Local products include more than 120 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines, such as black melon seeds, apricot kernel and bezoar, licorice, Polygala, ephedra, phellodendron, burr, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, wolfberry, etc. Also rich in fresh milk and willow products.

In 2012, the facility agriculture of the whole banner developed to 50000 mu, and the total scale of edible fungi reached 30 million rods, which were 9 times and 10 times of 2007 respectively. In 2012, the grain output of the whole banner reached more than 1 billion jin. In 2012, the total number of livestock reached 1.314 million, an increase of 434 thousand compared with 2007. From 2007 to 2012, 850000 mu of artificial afforestation and 480000 mu of sand sealing were completed. Comprehensive control of soil and water conservation has been completed, covering an area of 150 square kilometers. 11 reservoirs and dams have been built, 13 reservoirs have been strengthened, and 220000 mu of water-saving irrigation area has been added. 11000 mu of corn under mulch drip irrigation was implemented, of which 5000 mu was the first typical demonstration project of corn under mulch drip irrigation with surface water in the region. Gahaishan reservoir construction project has been promoted, and the project proposal has been completed. 2.2 million mu of desertified and degraded grassland was enclosed in the whole banner, 1.2 million mu of Tamin Chagan sand belt closed and forbidden protection area was established, and 170000 mu of per capita cultivated land above 15 degree slope and 8 mu of cultivated land outside the sand area was managed. 286 households and 993 population were relocated to cities and towns. The government of the autonomous region approved our banner as a banner county of the old revolutionary base area. We have completed the reform of the collective forest right system and carried out the clean-up of rural collective economic organizations

Chinese PinYin : Nei Meng Gu Zi Zhi Qu Tong Liao Shi Ku Lun Qi