Wuding County, Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Wuding County Wuding county is located in the northeast of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, adjacent to Luquan County of Kunming City in the East and Lufeng and Fumin in the south. The national highway G5 Kunming Wuhan Expressway passes through the area. In 2012, the total population was 276900, and the county's GDP was 4.057 billion yuan in 2013, ranking the fourth in Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture. The territory has the reputation of "the first mountain in Southwest China" lion mountain, and the "scar of the earth" Jiyi rift valley.

On September 25, 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county" of the Ministry of Commerce. On May 17, 2020, it will officially withdraw from the poverty-stricken counties.

Historical evolution

Wuding belonged to the state of Dian in the Warring States period and Qin Dynasty. the second year of Yuanfeng (109 BC) in the Western Han Dynasty belonged to Yizhou Prefecture. In 225, Yizhou county was changed to Jianning county. the sixth year of Taishi in Western Jin Dynasty (270 years) belongs to Jianning County of ningzhou. in the northern and Southern Dynasties, it belonged to Jinning County and Jianning county respectively. in Sui Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of kunzhou. at the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Nanning Prefecture. Tang Zhenguan six years (632), is Rongzhou Dudu Fu. There was no system in Wuding before the Song Dynasty. From 1174 ad, luowu tribe, the forerunner of Yi nationality, gradually rose and ruled here. During the period of Dali state in Yunnan Province, luowu tribe expanded its influence and territory and became the most powerful one among the 37 tribes of wuman in Donglong. In the fourth year of Yuan Xianzong (1255 A.D.), luowu tribe, which ruled Wuding and Luquan, was granted the title of Marquis of luowu in 1257 A.D. and governed Luquan, Yuanmou, Wuding and part of Huili in Sichuan. Yuan Xianzong seven years (1257) for luowu wanhu house. In 1271 ad, the jurisdiction of luowu tribe was extended to Pu'an area in western Guizhou, which was renamed Beilu and Zongguan Fu. In 1276, Wuding Road was set up, and it was ruled by the chieftain of Feng family, Li descendant of luowu. In 1382, it was the military and civilian office of Wuding. After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the imperial court gradually changed the land and returned to Liu. The chieftain of Feng's family raised troops to fight against it, which became a major event in the reform of the land and returned to Liu at the end of the Ming Dynasty and recorded in the history of the Ming Dynasty. In 1567 A.D., the Ming Dynasty officially appointed officials to set up Wuding Prefecture. In 1770, Wuding Prefecture was demoted to Zhili Prefecture of Wuding, which governs Yuanmou and Luquan counties. In the fourth year of Longqing (1570), it was changed into Wuding Prefecture. Qianlong 35 years (1770) for Wuding Zhili Prefecture. Wuding Prefecture was established in 1912 and Wuding county was established in 1913. after the founding of the people's Republic of China, Wuding district was established in 1950; in 1953, Wuding District merged with Chuxiong district and became Chuxiong district; in 1958, Chuxiong district was established as Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, and Wuding county is under the jurisdiction of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1949, Wuding Prefecture governed 16 towns. They are Jincheng Town, Xihua Town, Jiangbei Town, Jiuchang Township, Lingyun Township, Qiming Township, zadian Township, Huanzhou Township, Zhijiu Township, Yongxing Township, Maolian Township, Lianxi Township, Taogu Township, Huanzhou Township, lepin Township and Longqing township. In 1983, Wuding County governed 1 town and 13 communes. There is one town (near the city), 13 communes (near the city, Jiuchang, Chadian, Tianxin, Fawo, Jiyi, Wande, Gaoqiao, Maojie, Huanzhou, Bailu, nigagu, Dongpo), and 143 brigades and 3 neighborhood committees (South Street, Ximen street, North Street). In 2000, Wuding county had jurisdiction over 3 towns and 10 townships: Jincheng Town, Gaoqiao Town, Maojie Town, Jiuchang Town, Chadian Town, Bailu Town, Tianxin Town, Huanzhou Town, Wande Town, Fawo Town, Jiyi Town, Dongpo town and shilataxiang. In 2001, Wuding County governed three towns, eight townships and two ethnic townships: Jincheng Town, Gaoqiao Town, Maojie Town, Jiuchang Township, Chadian Township, Bailu Township, Tianxin Township, Huanzhou Township, Wande Township, Fawo Township, Jiyi Township, Dongpo Dai Township and shilatamiao township. on December 12, 2005, the people's Government of Yunnan Province approved the plan of withdrawing and merging some villages and towns in Chuxiong Prefecture. Among them, Wuding County abolished Jiuchang Township, its administrative region was merged into nearby towns, and the nearby towns after administrative division adjustment were renamed Shishan town, and the town government was stationed in the former nearby towns; shilataxiang township was abolished, its administrative region was merged into Gaoqiao Town, and the town government's residence remained unchanged.

Zoning details

By the end of 2012, Wuding county had jurisdiction over three towns and eight townships (including one ethnic township): Shishan town, Gaoqiao Town, Maojie Town, zadian Township, Tianxin Township, Fawo Township, Bailu Township, Wande Township, Jiyi Township, Huanzhou Township, Dongpo Dai Township, 133 Village Committees (communities) and 1569 villagers (community residents) groups.

geographical environment

Location context

Wuding county is located in the north of central Yunnan Plateau, the west of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau and the east of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture. It spans 101 ° 55 ′ to 102 ° 29 ′ E and 25 ° 20 ′ to 26 ° 11 ′ n, 52 km wide from east to west and 94 km long from North to south. The county covers an area of 3322 square kilometers. It is adjacent to Luquan County in the East, Lufeng County and Fumin County in the south, Yuanmou County in the West and Huili County in Sichuan Province across Jinsha River in the north. It is the only way out of Yunnan and into Sichuan. It is known as "the fence of provincial capital and the right arm of Western Yunnan".

landforms

Wuding county is rugged and mountainous. Mountains, hills, valleys, valley plains and Intermountain basins (known locally as Bazi) crisscross each other. The mountainous area accounts for 97% of the total area of Wuding County, and Bazi and water surface account for 3%. It is a key county of national poverty alleviation and development that integrates "mountain area, nationality, religion and poverty". Wuding County, with an average altitude of 1910 meters, is high in the East and west sides and southwest, low in the north and open in the southeast. The lowest elevation is 862 meters in Jiyi Xinmin sandy land near Jinsha River, and the highest is 2956 meters in bailonghui peak, Jiyi Township, with a height difference of 2094 meters. The county is 1710 meters above sea level. There are 36 peaks at an altitude of more than 2500 meters. The remaining veins of Wumeng Mountain run through the whole territory from the East, forming a series of North-South overlapping mountains with obvious three-dimensional climate.

climate

Wuding is a low latitude plateau monsoon climate zone. Wuding has a wide range of mountains, complex and diverse landforms, great differences in terrain and altitude, and obvious monsoon climate. Due to the influence of topography, the Jinshajiang Valley is rich in heat, followed by the eastern plateau and dam area, and the eastern and western mountainous areas have lower temperature, forming a distribution pattern of hot in the north, warm in the South and cool in the East and West. It is characterized by the three-dimensional climate of "snowflakes floating on the mountains, peach blossoms blooming under the mountains, and crops harvesting by the river". the general characteristics of climate are: warm in winter and cool in summer, small annual temperature range and large daily temperature range; abundant precipitation, distinct dry and wet seasons; significant vertical climate change and various types; rainy and hot seasons, strong continental.

hydrology

There are 22 rivers with a length of more than 10 km in Wuding County, of which 21 belong to Jinsha River system, which exit from East, West and north respectively.

natural resources

mineral resources

Wuding county is characterized by complex geological structure, frequent magmatic activities and various kinds of metallic and non-metallic minerals. Iron, titanium, copper, lead, zinc, pyrite, rare earth, phosphorus, gypsum, asbestos, marble and Wuding Muwen stone have been discovered. Iron ore is mainly distributed in the area of yinachang and yizidian, with 13 ore spots and proven resource reserves of 246 million tons. Titanium ore is mainly distributed in Jincheng Town, Jiuchang Township, Chadian Township and Tianxin Township, with 13 ore spots and 18 million tons of proven reserves. The copper deposits are mainly distributed in the southeast of Maojie Town, Jiuchang, Gaoqiao and other places, with 9 ore spots and proven resource reserves of 131000 tons. Lead zinc deposits are mainly distributed in cizhuqing area near Xincun Town, followed by Maojie taoshuqing and other places, with 9 ore spots. Mirabilite ore and gypsum ore (associated) are distributed in Xiaojing of Bailu Township and Dai township of Dongpo, with resource reserves of 58.84 million tons. Quartz (asbestos) ore is mainly distributed in Shizishan near the town, with resource reserves of 30000 tons. Sandstone (muwenshi) deposits are mainly distributed in Chadian Township, Shangzhuang, natu and Gubai near the town, with 21 ore occurrences and proven resource reserves of 3.48 billion cubic meters. Marble reserves are 314000 cubic meters, and red sandstone reserves are about 35 billion cubic meters.

water resource

Wuding county is rich in water resources, with an annual water output of 2.852 billion cubic meters and an average annual surface runoff of 920 million cubic meters. But "it is located at the source of water, with water flowing out", there is no natural lake, the water is low and the land is high, and the runoff is unevenly distributed in time and space, so the utilization is poor. The water storage capacity is 83.24 million cubic meters, of which the effective water storage capacity is 69.32 million cubic meters, and the utilization rate only accounts for 7.53% of the total surface runoff. On average, 261.9 cubic meters of water can be controlled per mu of cultivated land, 318 cubic meters per capita. The annual reserves of shallow groundwater in the territory is 250.52 million cubic meters, with more than 320 phreatic water, mostly spring water (Longtan). There are 56 large springs and 13 cold springs with a flow rate of more than 10 L / s. It is distributed in lubugu, Xinmin and wugushui in Jiyi, Ma Deping in Wande, lemaohe and zhonglinggang in zadian, SHIZIKOU and Yangcao in Maojie, Gubai, Puxi and Shude near the city, and xiangshuiqing in Jiuchang. There is a hot water pool in Jiyi luoneng hot spring, with a water temperature of 56 ℃ and a flow rate of 56.65 L / s. There is a large drop of rivers in the territory. The theoretical reserve of hydropower is 80000 kilowatts, which can be developed by 45000 kilowatts. Among them, the theoretical reserves of mengguo River and its tributaries are 54400 kW and that of Jiyi river is 11000 kW. Due to the great change of dry flood, it is difficult to guarantee the water source in dry season.

plant resources

The plant species in Wuding have both diversity and complexity, reflecting the characteristics of low latitude, plateau and mountainous sub hot climate. According to Professor Zeng Juemin of Southwest Forestry University

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Chu Xiong Yi Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Wu Ding Xian