Shenmu City, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province

Shenmu Shenmu City, under the jurisdiction of Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, is located in the northern part of Shaanxi Province and the border of Qinjin Inner Mongolia. With a total land area of 7635 square kilometers, the city is the largest county (city) in Shaanxi Province.

Shenmu has a long history. It was inhabited by human beings four or five thousand years ago. Shimao site is the largest existing prehistoric city site. It is the civilization center of northern China and the Yellow River Basin more than 4000 years ago. In history, Shenmu has always been a frontier outpost to guard the Central Plains and fight against foreign invaders. It has always been an important place for the fortress to "guard the Central Plains in the south, screen the Hetao in the north, strangle the danger of Jinyang on the left, and hold the charge of Lingxia on the right.".

In 2018, Shenmu city has jurisdiction over 6 streets and 14 towns with a permanent resident population of 485000, realizing a GDP of 129.803 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry is 1.987 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry is 93.421 billion yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry is 34.395 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP is 271498 yuan.

Since 2019, it has been rated as one of the top 100 counties and cities in China's comprehensive strength in 2019, one of the top 100 counties and cities in China's new urbanization quality in 2019, one of the top 100 counties and cities in Western China in 2019, one of the top 100 counties and cities in China's business environment in 2019, and one of the national model cities (counties) with double support in October 2020. In December 2020, the Academy of Social Sciences released the "national top 100 comprehensive competitiveness of county economy", ranking Shenmu 12th.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

Daoguang's "Shenmu county annals" records: "yangjiacheng, the ancient Linzhou City in the northeast of the county, is said to be about 40 steps southeast of the city. There are three pine trees, which can be hugged by two or three people. It is an old thing of the Tang Dynasty and is called Shenmu. The village is famous in the Jin Dynasty, and the county in the Yuan Dynasty. There are still relics in the Ming Dynasty. "

History of construction

In the Neolithic age, the ancestors settled in Shenmu city. In the Kuye River and Tuwei river basins, there are several Yangshao and Longshan cultural sites.

In summer, the city belongs to Yongzhou, occupied by fumigation.

Business, for the Dragon Square.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Linhu nationality occupied.

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, the county was the hometown of Baidi.

Qin, for the northern territory of Shangjun, also belongs to Jiuyuan County, known as Xinqin.

Han Dynasty, Yuan Shuo two years (127 BC), home Wuyuan County. Yuan Shou three years (before 120 years) and set Shuofang, known as the new Qinzhong. Later, in the lower reaches of Tuwei River, three counties, namely, Fuyang, Fuyin and Hongmen, were set up, belonging to Xihe County; in the upper reaches of Tuwei River, Baitu county was set up, belonging to Shangjun county.

The Three Kingdoms and the Western Jin Dynasty were occupied by Qiang Hu.

The Sixteen States of the Eastern Jin Dynasty were the territories of the later Zhao, the former Qin, the later Qin and the Xia regimes.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, Shicheng County (now jiejiabao area) was first established in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and then Yincheng County, belonging to Shangjun County; then the Western Wei Dynasty; and then the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Home Guizhen county (now jiejiapu area).

Sui, home Yincheng county (now jiejiabao area), is Diaoyin county.

In the Tang Dynasty, Linzhou (now yangjiacheng) was established in the 12th year of Kaiyuan (724), and Tianbao (742) was changed into Xinqin county. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Linzhou was restored to Xinqin (now yangjiacheng), liangu (now huangyangcheng) and Yincheng (now jiejiabao).

In the Five Dynasties, the county belonged to the Tang, Jin and Han Dynasties, and was still located in Linzhou.

In the Later Zhou Dynasty and the northern Han Dynasty, Linzhou was still set up, which was independent of Fuzhou and Shengzhou.

In the Song Dynasty, Linzhou was still established, belonging to Hedong Road, leading Xinqin, liangu and Yincheng counties. In the fifth year of Qiande (967), Linzhou was promoted to Jianning army, and then returned to the old system. In the second year of Duangong (989), Linzhou was changed to Zhenxi army. In 1114, Yincheng and liangu counties were abandoned and merged into Xinqin county.

Liao, Jin and Xia became Zhenxi army. Later, Zhenxi army was abolished and changed to Shenmu Village (still in today's yangjiacheng, named after three pine trees outside the city), which was successively occupied by Jin and Xia.

In Yuan Dynasty, Yunzhou was set up in Shenmu village. In the sixth year of the Zhiyuan Dynasty (1269), Shenmu county was abandoned and Taihe County (Jinjian, now Taihe Village) under Jiazhou was incorporated.

In the sixth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1373), Shenmu county was changed into Shenmu fort, belonging to yulinwei. In the fourteenth year of Hongwu (1381), Shenmu county was restored, belonging to Jiazhou. Longqing, set east Shenmu road in Shenmu, jurisdiction Jiazhou and Shenmu, Fugu, Wubao three counties.

In 1731, Shenmu road was changed to Yansui road and moved to Suide. Shenmu county belonged to Jiazhou and later to Yulin.

In the Republic of China, Shenmu county belongs to Yulin Road (later changed to Yulin special office). On April 15, 1936, the Anti Japanese people's Revolutionary Committee of Shenfu special zone was established, which governed the south of Shenmu county and parts of Fugu County, Jia County and Yulin County, coexisting with Shenmu county ruled by the Kuomintang. In January 1937, the Anti Japanese people's Revolutionary Committee of Shenfu SAR was transformed into the Soviet government of Shenfu SAR, under the leadership of the central government. In October of the same year, the Soviet government of Shenfu special zone was changed into Shenfu county government (belonging to the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region), coexisting with Shenmu county under the rule of Kuomintang. In 1941, Shenfu county was transferred from Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region to Shanxi Suiyuan border region.

In June 1946, after the liberation of Gaojiapu, Shenfu county government moved to Gaojiapu. In September of the same year, Shenmu county was liberated, the KMT Shenmu county government collapsed, and a new Shenmu county government was established, coexisting with Gaojiabao Shenfu county government.

In 1950, Shenfu county and Shenmu county were combined into Shenmu county and Shenmu city.

In 1958, the two counties of Shenmu and Fugu were merged into Shenmu county. The county government was in Shenmu City, and the former Fugu County was changed into Fugu town.

In 1961, Shenmu county was divided into Shenmu county and Fugu County, both of which belong to Yulin district.

On April 10, 2017, with the approval of the State Council, Shenmu county was abolished and Shenmu city at the county level was established. The former administrative region of Shenmu county was the administrative region of Shenmu City, and Shenmu Municipal People's government was stationed at No. 1 Fuyang Road, Shenmu town. Shenmu city is directly under the central government of Shaanxi Province and managed by Yulin city.

administrative division

As of 2018, Shenmu city has jurisdiction over 6 streets and 14 towns. Shenmu Municipal People's government is located at 1 Fuyang Road, Shenmu town.

geographical environment

Location context

Shenmu city is located in the north end of Shaanxi Province, in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, along the Great Wall. It faces peijiachuan Township, Xingxian County, Shanxi Province across the Yellow River in the East, bahancaidang, Yijinhuoluo banner, Inner Mongolia in the west, Dayukou Township, Xingxian County, Shanxi Province across the Yellow River in the south, and Wulanmulun temple, Yijinhuoluo banner, Inner Mongolia in the north. It is located between 38 ° 13 ′ - 39 ° 27 ′ N and 109 ° 40 ′ - 110 ° 54 ′ e, with an irregular diamond shape. The maximum length from north to south is about 141 km, and the maximum width from east to west is about 95 km, with a total area of 7635 square kilometers, ranking first among all counties in Shaanxi Province. The city is located on the East Bank of Kuye River, which is slightly southeast of the city center. It is about 38 ° 58 ′ N and 110 ° 30 ′ e, 65 km to Gefu village of Mazhen Township in the East, 54 km to Shibantai village of erlinhu town in the west, 85 km to Jiepai village of tuweihekou in the South and 77 km to houshigetai village of Daliuta Township in the north.

geological structure

structure

The geological structural unit of Shenmu city is a part of the platform syncline of Ordos Basin, Sino Korean paraplatform. The Sinian strata are geosynclinal sediments mainly composed of clastic rocks. After Luliang movement, the geosynclinal fold platform uplifted to form the platform basement. The platform was in the state of Transgression for a long time in the early Paleozoic. It was uplifted into land since the Caledonian movement at the end of the early Paleozoic and did not receive sedimentation until the Carboniferous. In the Late Carboniferous, seawater intruded from the West and deposited marine strata. In the early Permian, the sea water retreated again. The first coal accumulation occurred in the basin. In the Late Permian, the Hercynian movement occurred, the platform syncline was uplifted on three sides, and the central part of the basin subsided into an inland basin, forming a set of inland sediments. In the middle and Late Triassic, the uplift of the Shanxi platform anticline, the present Liupanshan and its East, South and North ridges resulted in the disintegration of the basin and the Sino Korean paraplatform, which developed into an independent sedimentary unit, forming a large-scale depressed sedimentary basin and beginning the heyday of the main stage of the basin. In the Late Triassic, the paleoclimate was warm and humid, which was suitable for the growth of ancient plants. The second coal accumulation took place in the basin, and minable coal seams were formed in some areas.

The Indosinian movement at the end of Triassic had a profound influence on the formation of Shenmu coalfield. Some areas were once uplifted and eroded into low mountains and hills. In the early Middle Jurassic Yan'an formation, the low-lying area of Yan'an and Ganquan formed a catchment area. At the north and south ends, in the later stage of the development of the river, Dongsheng, Shenmu and other areas, due to the gradually flat terrain, dense lakes and plants, the third coal accumulation took place in the basin, resulting in the formation of large coalfields.

During the Yanshanian movement at the end of Jurassic, the basin once rose, resulting in the absence of Upper Jurassic. In the Cretaceous, the sedimentary center moved to the west of the basin. After the late Early Cretaceous, the basin rose sharply, resulting in the withdrawal of residual water and the formation of new fault basins around the basin, thus ending its history as a large sedimentary basin.

Since Cretaceous, the main part of the basin has been uplift. During the Tertiary period, the climate was hot and humid, and the plants were luxuriant, similar to the subtropical climate. The inland basin was full of lakes and swamps, and the sediments were strongly oxidized to form red clay and white sandy clay layers. At the end of Pliocene, the Himalayan movement took place, and the Ordos platform syncline rose to become a plateau. At this time, the climate gradually dried up, the lake shrank, and the gray clay layer was deposited. The Quaternary climate became drier and drier, and the Loess Plateau was formed.

stratum

The pre Quaternary strata in Shenmu city are Taohe lacustrine rock series. From old to new, there are Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous and tertiary of Cenozoic. The former is banded along the deep valley and both sides of the valley from southeast to northwest, while the latter is unconformity above the former. Quaternary land

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