Aktao County, Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Aktao County aktao county is under the jurisdiction of Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Aktao county is located in the southwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the east of Pamir Plateau and the western edge of Tarim Basin, between 73 ° 26'5 "～ 76 ° 43'31" E and 37 ° 41'28 "～ 39 ° 29'55" n. It is adjacent to Wuqia county and Shufu County in the north, bordered by yuepuhu River in the northeast, and faces Shule county and the 41st regiment of the third division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps across the river. It is connected with Yingjisha county and Shache County in the East, Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County in the south, and Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan in the West and southwest, with a border of 380000 km Rice. It is the westernmost county administrative region in China.

Because the county seat was selected in the original six districts of Yingjisha County, aktobashi, hence the name. But it was officially named aktao. Akto, which means "white flag" in Uighur, is named after the custom of hanging white flag near the village by ancient residents. At present, aketao is usually interpreted as "white mountain" in Kirgiz language, which is named after the white snow peak.

Aketao county has jurisdiction over 2 towns, 10 townships and 2 farms, covering an area of 24176 square kilometers. The population of aketao County in 2015 was 221526. In 2012, aktao county achieved a GDP of 1.602 billion yuan, an increase of 15.1% over 2011.

In August 1954, aketaojian county was composed of Yingjisha County, Shufu County, Puli county and Wuqia County in Kashgar special region, which belonged to Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture.

History of construction

In the early Western Han Dynasty, aketao county was under the jurisdiction of Shule state, Puli state and Yinai state. In the second year of shenjue in the Western Han Dynasty (60 BC), the Han Dynasty set up the western regions' Duhufu in wuleicheng (near Yeyungou in the east of Luntai today), under the jurisdiction of aktao.

During the period of Wei, Shu and Wu, Cao Wei inherited the Eastern Han Dynasty and set up Wuji Xiaowei in the western regions. Aktao was still under the jurisdiction of Wei state. After Sima Yan unified China and established the Jin Dynasty, he carried out administrative decrees in the western regions. At that time, aktao County belonged to the Jin Dynasty along with the state of Shule.

Tang Xianqing three years (658), the establishment of Shule Dudu Fu, aktao under its jurisdiction.

In 840, the karahan Dynasty was founded, which included most parts of aktao. In the first year of Kangguo (1134), Aktau belonged to the Western Liao Dynasty along with the eastern karahan Dynasty. In the 20th year of Genghis Khan (1226), the southern Tianshan belonged to Chagatai territory, and aktao was under its jurisdiction.

In 1347, tuheilutemur, a descendant of Chagatai, was established as a Khanate. Aktao was one of the territories of hubada, the general manager of the Khanate.

In 1514, aktao belonged to Yeerqiang Khanate. In 1678, the Junggar tribe began to rule aktao.

In the 24th year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty put an end to the chaos between the big and the small and Zhuo, and aktao was successively under the jurisdiction of the counselors of Kashgar and Yeerqiang. In the ninth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1883), he appointed officials of various prefectures, prefectures and counties in southern Xinjiang. Aktao was under the jurisdiction of yingjishaer Zhili Prefecture, Shule Zhili Prefecture and Puli sub Defense Department of Shache Prefecture.

During the period of the Republic of China, aktao county was under the jurisdiction of Yingjisha County, Puli County, Shufu county and Wuqia county.

After the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang in September 1949, today's Yumai township is the Sixth District of Yingjisha County, today's pilale Township and Baren township are the seventh district of Yingjisha County, today's kiziletao township is the eighth District of Yingjisha County, today's qialong township is the Fourth District of qialong county at that time, today's bulukou township is the Fifth District of bulukou county at that time and the two townships of bostantirek District of Wuqia county at that time, and today's oitak town is the town of Shufu county at that time Aoyitak Township in tashimilik District of Shufu County, and now kerekaiqike township is gulukbashi Township in Wupa District of Shufu county.

In August 1954, aketaojian County, composed of Yingjisha County, Shufu County, Puli county and Wuqia County in Kashgar Prefecture, was subordinate to Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Region (in October 1955, Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Region was renamed Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture). In February 1956, seven districts of ba'ren in Yingjisha county were put under the jurisdiction of aketao county.

In January 1977, aketao county was put under the jurisdiction of Kashi region.

In July 1980, the original administrative ownership was restored.

On August 27, 2018, the people's Government of the autonomous region agreed to abolish the organizational system of kuslapu Township in aketao County, and the original kuslapu township was moved to dayasidun District of Zepu County in Kashgar region as a whole. The administrative area of the original kuslapu township was under the jurisdiction of qiarlong Township in aketao County.

administrative division

In 2018, aktao County governs 2 towns, 10 townships, 2 farms, 119 village committees, 556 villager groups, 1 Community Management Committee and 9 community neighborhood committees.

There are 7 Township farms in agricultural areas: Yumai Township, aketao Township, pilale Township, Baren Township, jiamatireke Township, kerekaiqike Township and totayi farm; there are 7 Township farms in pastoral areas: oytak Township, kiziltao Township, bulukou Township, qiarlong Township, Muji Township, tartajik nationality township and aketala farm.

geographical environment

Location context

Aktao county is located in the western border of China, the southwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the east of Pamir Plateau and the western edge of Tarim Basin. It is located between 73 ° 26 ′ 05 ″ - 76 ° 43 ′ 31 ″ E and 37 ° 41 ′ 28 ″ - 39 ° 29 ′ 55 ″ n. The western and southwestern regions are respectively bordered by Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, with a border line of more than 380 kilometers, of which more than 170 kilometers are undefined. The county is 283.2 kilometers long from east to west, 216 kilometers wide from north to south, and covers an area of 24555.06 square kilometers.

topographic features

Aketao county is mountainous with an area of 23364 square kilometers, accounting for 96.4% of the total area of aketao county. The county is low in the northeast and high in the southwest. The altitude of mountains is generally about 4000-5000 meters. Kungai mountain in the northwest is the boundary mountain of Wuqia County, with an altitude of 5753.7 meters. Sarekuole mountain in the southwest, with an altitude of 4500 meters. Gongge'er mountain in the middle, with the highest altitude of 7719 meters, gongge'er Jiubie peak at 7530 meters and MUZTAG peak at 7541 meters. There are 66 large and small icebergs and snow peaks in the territory, including 36 larger icebergs. The top of the mountain is covered with snow all the year round, and there are glaciers of different sizes around the peaks. Aktao county is high in the southwest and low in the northeast, which can be divided into plain agricultural area and mountain pastoral area.

hydrology

There are Muji River, Yigeziya River, KANGXIWA River, kalatashi River and other water systems in aketao county. The rivers in aketao County belong to the Tarim River Basin, most of which originate from the Kunlun Mountains and the Pamir Plateau, and flow from the southwest mountainous area to the Northeast Plain. There are five major water systems in aketao County, namely Yeerqiang River system, including Tashkurgan River, pasrewati River and qarlong River; Yigeziya River and its tributaries Qinggan river system; Kushan river system, its tributaries are kalatabu River and qimugan River; Gaizi river system, its tributaries are oytak River, Muji River and Kangxiwar River; malkansu River and its tributaries Kala river The Erte river system.

climate

The climate of aketao county is three-dimensional and vertical distribution. In one day, people can walk from the hot summer to the snowy winter. It is a warm temperate continental arid climate. It is dry all year round with less rain and snow. It warms up quickly in spring with more wind and dust. It is cool in autumn and cool in autumn. It is cold in winter with an average annual temperature of 11.3 ℃ and an average annual precipitation of 60mm. The frost free period is 221 days, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the light and heat resources are rich, suitable for the growth of a variety of crops and fruit trees.

The plain agricultural area is dry with less rain, abundant light energy, less precipitation and large evaporation. The four seasons are distinct. The temperature rises fast, with strong wind, sandstorm and floating dust. It is dry and hot in summer, with the average temperature of 23 ℃ in each month, more than 25 ℃ in July, and the extreme maximum temperature of 39.4 ℃. In autumn, the temperature drops rapidly, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the climate is cool and pleasant, and the monthly average temperature drops from 19.1 ℃ to 3 ℃. It is cold in winter, with an average temperature of - 4.8 ℃, an average temperature of - 7.1 ℃ in January, an extreme minimum temperature of - 27.4 ℃, and a low temperature of less than - 10 ℃ for 46.9 days. The mountainous pastoral area is high and precipitous, which belongs to alpine climate. The highest average temperature in July is only 16 ℃, the lowest average temperature in January is only - 27.2 ℃, and the annual accumulated temperature is only 1984-2669 ℃. The temperature varies greatly day and night, with an average of 14.3 ~ 15.2 ℃. The frost free period is only 30-60 days. Less precipitation, large evaporation, low air pressure, thin air and high solar radiation intensity. The atmosphere heats up rapidly and cools down rapidly. The air is clean and transparent.

The southern part of the county belongs to the north slope of the end of West Kunlun Mountain, the northern part to the east of Pamir Plateau, and the eastern part to the western margin of Tarim Basin. The lowest plain is only 1150 meters, and the highest GongGeEr peak is 7719 meters, with an elevation difference of 6569 meters. In addition, the mountains crisscross and the terrain fluctuates greatly, which affects the complex and diverse climate in the territory. The distribution is stereoscopic and the vertical reflection is very rapid. There are not only the cold alpine zone which is frozen all the year round, but also the plain zone which is cool in summer, the glacier precipitation zone which is not melting all the year round, and the long drought zone which is dry and rainless. The vertical distribution of climate leads to the uneven amount of heat resources in the area. The piedmont plain is rich in heat resources. The accumulated temperature of ≥ 10 ℃ is as high as 4000 ~ 4700 ℃, which is suitable for the growth of many kinds of plants. In addition to the plain area, the heat resources in the middle and high mountain areas are obviously insufficient. The accumulated temperature above 10 ℃ in the mountain areas above 2000 meters above sea level is below 2500 ℃, which can only satisfy the growth of forage and wheat crops. The high mountain zone has less heat,

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