Cengong County, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province

Cengong County cengong county is subordinate to Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province. It is located in the east of Guizhou, northeast of Qiandongnan Prefecture, between 108 ° 20 ′～ 109 ° 03 ′ E and 27 ° 09 ′～ 27 ° 32 ′ n, adjacent to Yuping Dong Autonomous County of Tongren City in the East, Zhenyuan County of Qiandongnan Prefecture in the south, Shiqian County of Tongren City in the West, Jiangkou county and Tongren City in the north. It is 154 kilometers away from Kaili City, the capital of Southeast Guizhou, and 335 kilometers away from Guiyang City, the capital of Guizhou Province. Covering an area of 1486.5 square kilometers, it governs 7 towns, 4 townships and 1 provincial economic and Technological Development Zone. The county people's government is stationed in the new economic development zone. There are 18 ethnic groups, including Han, Miao, Dong, Gelao and Tujia, with a total population of 227900 (2012).

Cengong is rich in high-quality rice, fruits, peanuts, rapeseed, tea, Chinese herbal medicine, pigs, cattle, sheep, fish and other agricultural and animal husbandry products, among which the local famous specialty Szechuan green tea, Szechuan crystal rice, Szechuan Wendan pomelo and Szechuan tung oil are the most famous. In 2018, the county's GDP was 4.873 billion yuan.

History of construction

Cengong, formerly known as Sizhou, belonged to Chu in the spring and Autumn period and belonged to Qianzhong Prefecture.

The Han Dynasty belongs to Wuling county.

In the first year of Yongjia of Jin Dynasty (307), Sizhou broke away from the central government.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, it was called "wuximan". In the fourth year of Baoding in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (564), Tian Sihe, a barbarian master, attached his land to Fengzhou. In 574, it was changed to Qianzhou.

Sui kaihuang five years (585), set Qingjiang County Qingjiang county. Nineteen years (599), home Badong County Wuchuan County.

Tang Wude first year (618), Jimi Si state. Four years (621), home Wuchuan. In the fourth year of Zhenguan (630), Wuzhou was changed into Sizhou. Eight years (634), home Yelang County, Wuzhou. In 690, Yelang county was changed into Eshan county. In the fourth year of Chang'an (704), Wuzhou was established in Eshan and Weixi counties. In 725, it was changed to Hezhou. In 732, Hezhou was changed into Yezhou. In the first year of Tianxuan (742), it was changed into Ningyi County of Sizhou. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), it was renamed Sizhou. In the second year of Yuanhe (807), Sizhou and Zhenzhou were subordinate to qianzhongdao (the prefecture, county and county were all in cengong county).

In 1107, the first year of Daguan in the Northern Song Dynasty, Tian Gong, the Minister of fan Dynasty, set up Sizhou county and later changed it into Wuchuan City.

From the Yuan Dynasty to the 12th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1275), Yanjiang (Bian) Xuanfu division was set up, which was under the jurisdiction of Sizhou Xuanfu division. In 1277, Sizhou Xuanfu Sili Huguang province was established. In 1280, the Xuanfu Department of Sizhou was changed into Xuanwei department, and he was also in charge of the internal pacification department. In 1284, the Xuanfu Department of Sizhou was reduced to the military and civilian appeasement Department of Sizhou, which was under the jurisdiction of the government, the prefecture, the county and the chief executive department. In the 29th year (1292), the military and civilian pacification Department of Sizhou was changed into the military and civilian propaganda and pacification Department of Sizhou, which was under the jurisdiction of Huguang province. In 1327, the Xuanwei Department of Sizhou led the Xuanfu Department of Sizhou and the two prefectures of Zhenyuan and Liping. In the 22nd year of Zhizheng (1362), the Marshal's office of Sinan daodu was established, and Sizhou was divided into two divisions.

In 1365, both Sizhou and Sinan were demoted to Ming Dynasty, and xuanweisi was restored to the west of Sizhou town.

In the early Ming Dynasty, following the system of the Yuan Dynasty, in the first year of Hongwu (1368), there were two Xuanwei departments, namely, Sizhou and Sinan, under the jurisdiction of 24 chief departments (counties). In the 11th year of Yongle (1413), the two xuanweisi were abolished and divided into eight prefectures, including Sizhou, Liping, Xinhua, Shiqian, Sinan, Zhenyuan, Tongren and Wuluo, under the jurisdiction of Guizhou chief secretary.

In the Qing Dynasty, Sizhou was still set up.

In 1912, it was still called Sizhou. In the second year of the Republic of China (September 1913), Tang Jiyao, chief of Guizhou civil affairs, asked to abolish the system of government, prefecture and department, and change the state capital of Sizhou into Sixian County, which was subordinate to the central road of Guizhou. In the 19th year of the Republic of China (March 1930), cengong county was reported as Si county. Cengong county was named from then on.

On November 9, 1949, cengong county was liberated and subordinate to Tongren Prefecture Committee of the Communist Party of China. On December 25, it was transferred to Zhenyuan Prefecture Committee of the Communist Party of China.

In 1956, 31 small townships were divided into 31 management work areas.

In August 1958, cengong county set up people's communes on a trial basis, and announced the establishment of 10 people's communes in accordance with the system of "unity of government and society". On December 29, with the approval of the State Council, Zhenyuan, Sansui and cengong were merged into Zhenyuan County, changing 10 people's communes into four district level people's communes: cengong people's commune, Jiaao people's commune, Tianma people's Commune and Longtian people's commune.

On August 18, 1961, the system of cengong county was restored. The county has 14 people's communes in 4 districts.

On February 21, 1963, 14 people's communes were adjusted to 31 people's communes at the township level, with four districts. The Yellow River commune was set up separately.

In 1968, simian District, Jiaao District, Tianma district and Longtian town were abolished, and Jiaao commune and Huanghe commune were merged into Shuiwei commune. There are 11 people's communes in the county.

In July 1984, it was divided into simian District, simian town and simian Township, Shuiwei district and Shuiwei Town, Tianma district and Tianma Town, baiyanping Township, Longtian district and Longtian town.

In April 1988, simian Township and baiyanping Township were abolished, and simian Town, Shuiwei Town, Tianma town and Longtian town were set up.

On February 24, 2001, with the approval of Guizhou Provincial People's government, cengong County moved from longjiang village of simian town to Xinxing village.

In 2012, it has jurisdiction over 6 townships, 1 Ethnic Township, 11 townships and 1 new development zone. It has 6 neighborhood committees, 3 communities, 129 villages and 1686 villager groups.

In 2013, Dayou township of cengong county was abolished and Dayou town was set up. The town people's government was stationed in Dayou village. It is agreed to abolish kaiben township of cengong county and set up kaiben town. The town people's government is stationed in Dazhai village.

On August 8, 2019, Guizhou Provincial People's Government approved the establishment of Qishui street in cengong county.

administrative division

As of August 2019, cengong county has jurisdiction over 1 Street, 6 towns, 4 townships and 1 ethnic township

1 Street: Jishui Street

Six towns: simian Town, Shuiwei Town, Tianma Town, Longtian Town, kaiben town and Dayou town

4 townships: Zhuxi Township, Tianxing Township, Pingzhuang Township and Kelou township

1 nationality township: Yangqiao Tujia nationality township

Location context

Cengong County, located between 108 ° 20 ′～ 109 ° 03 ′ E and 27 ° 09 ′～ 27 ° 32 ′ n, is located in the northeast corner of Qiandongnan Prefecture and the east of Guizhou Province, connecting Yuping Dong Autonomous County of Tongren City in the East, Zhenyuan County of Qiandongnan Prefecture in the south, Shiqian County of Tongren City in the west, Jiangkou county and Tongren City in the north. The county people's government is stationed in the new economic development zone. It is 154 kilometers away from Kaili City, the capital of Southeast Guizhou, and 335 kilometers away from Guiyang City, the capital of Guizhou Province. It covers an area of 1486.5 square kilometers.

terrain

Cengong county is located in the transition slope zone from Yunnan Guizhou Plateau to Western Hunan. It is a low mountain and hilly region with the crisscross veins of Wuling Mountain and Miaoling mountain. The terrain gradually decreases from northwest to Southeast, and it seems to be folded fan-shaped in plane. It can be divided into three types: mountain, hill and basin. The main mountains are Zhuge mountain, Shaoshang slope, Jiangjun slope, Baila mountain, Laoshan Mountain and Tonggu slope. Xiaodingshan, the highest peak in the territory, is located in the north, with an altitude of 1359.9 meters. Magongtang, the lowest point, is located at the outlet of the Longao River, with an altitude of 330 meters. Most areas are between 400 and 700 meters above sea level.

landforms

In cengong County, the main landform is dissolution landform, followed by erosion landform. In some areas, two kinds of landform coexist. Tianma Town, Shuiwei Town, Kelou Town, Yangqiao town and Tianxing town belong to limestone karst landform, with a total area of 612.1 square kilometers, accounting for 41.4% of the total area. Siyang Town, Longtian Town, Zhuxi town and Pingzhuang town are sand shale erosion landforms, with a total area of 571.2 square kilometers, accounting for 38.6%. Some areas of kaiben, Dayou Township and Siyang town coexist with limestone solution erosion and sand shale erosion landforms, with a total area of 295.7 square kilometers, accounting for 20%.

climate

Cengong county belongs to the subtropical warm and moist climate zone, which is characterized by mild climate, warm spring, hot summer, cool autumn and cold winter, four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall, hot and rainy season, and long frost free period. The annual average temperature is 15.7-17.1 ℃, the average temperature in January is 5 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 10.8 ℃ (January 29, 1977). The average temperature in July is 26.5 ℃, and the extreme maximum temperature is 39.5 ℃ (August 3, 2003). The lowest monthly average temperature was minus 3.1 ℃ (January 2008), and the highest was 34.8 ℃ (July 1981). The average annual temperature range is 30.7 ℃, and the maximum daily temperature range is 25.1 ℃ (April 9, 1969).

The annual average growth period is 196 days, the annual average frost free period is 355 days, the longest is 361 days, the shortest is 346 days. The annual average sunshine hours are 994 hours, and the annual total radiation is 89 kcal / cm2. The duration above 0 ℃ is 350 (generally from December 25 to January 8 of the next year).

The average annual rainfall is 1142.7mm, and the average annual rainfall days are 166 days, with the maximum of 203 days (1997) and the minimum of 148 days (1988). The extreme annual maximum rainfall is 1403.5 mm (1997), and the extreme annual minimum rainfall is 1005.6 mm (2001). The rainfall is concentrated from May to June every year, with the maximum in June.

hydrology

The rivers in cengong County belong to the Yuanjiang River system of the Yangtze River Basin, with a total surface water resource of 772 million m3 and a per capita surface water resource of 3799 m3. There are 33 large and small rivers in the county, with a total length of 462.3km. The river network density is 0.31km2 per km, and the main river network density is 0.31km2

Chinese PinYin : Gui Zhou Sheng Qian Dong Nan Miao Zu Dong Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Cen Gong Xian