Zhushan County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province

Zhushan County, known as "Shangyong county" in ancient times, is subordinate to Shiyan City, Hubei Province. It is located in the hinterland of Qinba Mountain Area in Northwest Hubei Province. Located in the mountainous area of Northwest Hubei, it belongs to Wudang Mountain in the north and Daba Mountain in the south. It is adjacent to Fang County in the East, Yunyang District in the north, Baihe County in Shaanxi Province in the northwest, Zhuxi County and Xunyang County in Shaanxi Province in the west, Shennongjia forest region and Wuxi County in Chongqing City in the south. The abandoned emperor of the Western Wei Dynasty, Yuan Qin, was renamed "bamboo mountain" because of its lush forest and beautiful scenery. The county is 158 km away from Shiyan City in the northeast and 638 km away from Wuhan City in the southeast. It covers an area of 3587.8 square kilometers, and mountains account for more than 80% of the total area. It has jurisdiction over 279 villages in 8 townships and 9 towns, with a population of 510000 in 2016, including 8 ethnic groups including Han, Hui, Zhuang, Mongolian and Manchu.

In 2016, the county's GDP reached 8696.3138 million yuan, an increase of 8.1% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of primary industry was 20897500 yuan, an increase of 4.1%; the added value of secondary industry was 3472230500 yuan, an increase of 9.8%; the added value of tertiary industry was 3134333300 yuan, an increase of 9.0%.

On February 2, 2019, it was rated as the county-level advanced unit of Chinese medicine by the State Administration of traditional Chinese medicine. In April 2020, with the approval of the people's Government of Hubei Province, it will withdraw from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties. On July 29, 2020, it will be included in the National Health township (county) naming list of 2017-2019 cycle. In November 2020, it will be selected as "the sixth national civilized city".

Historical evolution

Zhushan is the former site of Guyong state. In the spring and Autumn period, Chu destroyed Yongzhi County, and Qin and Western Han Dynasty were Shangyong County, belonging to Hanzhong county. From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern Qi Dynasty, it was Shangyong county. In the Western Wei Dynasty, it was renamed Zhushan because of its yellow color. Before the Shang Dynasty, it was an important tribal state in the Han River Basin, called Yong state. In 221 BC (the 26th year of Qin Shihuang), Qin Shihuang unified China and divided the world into 36 counties. Yongdi restored Shangyong county and became subordinate to Hanzhong County, belonging to Liangzhou.

In 552 (the first year of abolishing the emperor of the Western Wei Dynasty), Ancheng was changed into Zhushan. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Shangyong county was changed to Kongyang county.

In 598 (the 18th year of Emperor Wen's reign), Kongyang county was changed into Shangyong County, Luozhou into Fangzhou, and four counties, namely Shangyong, Zhushan, Guangqian and Yongqing, were led.

In 605 (the first year of Daye of emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty), Fangzhou was changed into Fangling county to govern Zhushan. In the early Tang Dynasty, it was made along the Sui Dynasty.

In 636 (the tenth year of Zhenguan reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty), the state was abandoned and moved to Fangzhou, where Zhushan was ruled. Four counties, namely Fangling, Zhushan, Yongqing and Shangyong, belonged to Shannan Dongdao.

In 742 (the first year of Xuanzong Tianbao), Fangzhou was changed to Fangling county. In 758 (the first year of emperor Qianyuan of suzong), fufangzhou was located in Zhushan. In the Five Dynasties, Shangyong and Zhushan still belonged to Fangzhou. In the early Song Dynasty, the old system was followed.

In 986 (the third year of emperor Yongxi of the Northern Song Dynasty), Shangyong entered Zhushan and was still attached to Fangzhou.

In 1130 (the fourth year of Jianyan reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty), the governor of Jin, Jun and Fangzhou was set up, belonging to Lizhou road.

In 1135 (the fifth year of Gaozong's reign in Shaoxing), it was attached to Xiangyang Road.

In 1137 (the seventh year of Shaoxing), it was transferred to southwest Beijing road.

In 1141 (the 10th year of Shaoxing), the government set up Jin, Fang, DA and Kai pacification envoys and changed them to Lizhou road. Fangzhou led Fang County and Zhushan County. It was made in Yuan Dynasty and Song Dynasty.

In 1342 (the second year of emperor Shundi Zhizheng), Fangling of the province entered Fangzhou, and Zhushan was still attached to Fangzhou, belonging to Xiangyang Road.

In 1368 (the first year of Hongwu, Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty), Xiangyang was changed into a prefecture, leading Zhushan, Fangxian, Shangjin, Yunxian and other counties. In 1374 (the seventh year of Hongwu), Zhushan entered Fangxian County, belonging to Xiangyang Prefecture of Huguang Prefecture.

In 1380 (the 13th year of Hongwu), Zhushan County was restored to Xiangyang Prefecture.

In 1476 (the 12th year of Chenghua of Xianzong), Yunyang Prefecture was set up and Zhushan belonged to it. At the same time, Zhuxi County was set up by cutting the xiyindian community in Zhushan County. The Qing Dynasty was ruled by the Ming Dynasty.

In 1664 (the third year of Emperor Kangxi's reign), Yunyang Prefecture was subordinate to Hubei's administrative department, leading Yunxian County, Yunxi County, Zhushan County, Zhuxi County, Fangxian County and Baokang County.

In 1821 (the first year of Daoguang reign of Xuanzong), baiheting (baihekou, Liulin) was set up in the South Township of jiezhushan, Zhuxi and Fangxian.

In 1864 (the third year of the Tongzhi reign of emperor Mu Zong), Baihe hall was dismissed and the system was restored.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, the system of province, road and county was implemented in the whole country.

In 1932 (the 21st year of the Republic of China), it was transferred to the 11th administrative supervision district of Hubei Province.

In January 1949, the Chinese people's Liberation Army liberated Zhushan, which was subordinate to the fourth special office of the southern Shaanxi administrative office and later changed to the Liangyun special office. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Zhushan was subordinate to the Yunyang Office of the Central South administrative region of Hubei Province.

On February 1, 1950, it was transferred to the Yunyang regional Commissioner's office, which was under the jurisdiction of Zhushan.

In 1952, Xiangyun was merged and attached to the office of the Commissioner of Xiangyang special region.

In 1965, Yunyang district was re established, and Zhushan was subordinate to Yunyang district administrative office.

In 1970, the special area was renamed District, and Zhushan was subordinate to Yunyang district administration.

In October 1994, Yunyang District merged with Shiyan City to establish a new Shiyan City (prefecture level), and Zhushan County was subordinate to Shiyan City.

On March 6, 2019, the Central Propaganda Department, the Ministry of finance, the Ministry of culture and tourism, and the State Administration of cultural relics announced the list of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics (the first batch), in which Zhushan County was included.

administrative division

By the end of 2010, Zhushan County had 9 towns, 8 townships, 19 neighborhood committees and 279 village committees. With a total population of 417081, there are eight ethnic groups including Han, Hui, Zhuang, Meng and man. It has jurisdiction over 9 towns and 8 villages,

Population nationality

population

As of 2014, Zhushan County had 149 thousand households, with a total registered residence of 467 thousand people at the end of the year, 255090 men and 209705 women, and 412 thousand and 900 permanent residents with a 35.82% urbanization rate. The birth rate is 12.23 ‰, the death rate is 6.12 ‰, and the natural growth rate is 6.11 ‰.

nation

There are eight nationalities in Zhushan County, including Han, Hui, Zhuang, Mongolian and Manchu.

geographical environment

Location context

Zhushan County is located in the hinterland of Qinba Mountain Area in Northwest Hubei Province and southwest of Shiyan City. It is adjacent to Fang County in the East, Yunyang in the north, Baihe County in Shaanxi Province in the northwest, Zhuxi County and Xunyang County in Shaanxi Province in the west, Shenjia forest region and Wuxi County in Chongqing City in the south. Located in the mountainous area of Northwest Hubei, it belongs to Wudang Mountain in the north and Daba Mountain in the south. Zhushan County is located between 109 ° 32-110 ° 25 'e and 31 ° 30' - 32 ° 37 'n. The maximum horizontal distance between East and west of the county is 81.8 km, and the maximum vertical distance between North and south is 123.5 km.

On March 6, 2019, the Central Propaganda Department, the Ministry of finance, the Ministry of culture and tourism, and the State Administration of cultural relics confirmed the list of the first batch of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics. Zhushan County is the western part of Hunan and Hubei.

topographic features

The terrain of the whole county inclines from south to west to northeast, characterized by large height difference, steep slope and deep cutting. Taking the wasang River giant fault in Guandu town as the boundary, there are high mountains in the south, two high mountains and low mountains in the southeast, low mountains in the middle and south, high mountains, two high mountains and low mountains in the north, two high mountains in the northwest and low mountains, flat hills and basins in the middle and West. The altitude difference is 2520 meters. The highest point in the territory is Congping mountain, with an altitude of 2740.4 meters. The lowest point is the estuary of nungu River, with an altitude of 220 meters. Each mountain in the mountain range is composed of two major mountain systems. Shuangxingzhai, hanjiashan, Tiantangzhai and Notre Dame mountain in the northwest of Miangen County, at the junction of Xunyang and Baihe counties in Shaanxi Province, and at the junction of Canglang mountain, machao mountain, yerenshan and Jieling mountain in the northeast of Miangen county with Yun County, belong to the Jieling Wudang Mountain system, which extends from West to East with an altitude of more than 1500 meters. In the southeast of the county, longwangling, baiyanzhai and zhushanyazi are at the junction of Fangxian and Shennongjia forest areas, and in the southwest of the county, huangbaoshan, huangjiaping, huanglongshanjian, Nantianmen, kucaidizi, Congping, Zhuxi and Sichuan Wuxi are at the junction. From south to north, the altitude is more than 2000 meters, belonging to Daba mountain system. In addition, Jiuhua Mountain and Yunxiao temple are located in the central and southern part of the county, with an altitude of more than 1000 meters; Baofeng mountain, Shizhuan mountain and Huoshan mountain are located in the central and central and western parts of the county, with an altitude of less than 600 meters.

climate

Although Zhushan County has a subtropical monsoon continental climate and belongs to the north temperate zone, it is located in the Hanjiang River and Duhe basin, and it is also a high temperature area with abundant heat. The annual average temperature is from 10.2 ℃ to 15.6 ℃, the coldest month is from - 1.9 ℃ to 3.1 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is from - 9.9 ℃ (January 21, 1956); the hottest month is from 21.7 ℃ to 27.7 ℃, and the extreme maximum temperature is 43.4 ℃ (July 20, 1966), which is the highest in the whole province. The annual average sunshine hours is 1650.4 hours. The annual average precipitation is 905.2 mm. The annual average relative humidity is 73%. The annual average frost free period decreased from 252.8 days in the central region to 163.4 days around. The annual average snowfall is about 20 days. Southwest wind prevails throughout the year. It is mainly drought, flood, low temperature, autumn cold and hail. According to the analysis of rainfall from 1952 to 1981 by Zhushan meteorological station, there are only 9 normal years in 30 years, and the rest have different degrees of disasters. In July 1958, August 1975 and June 1980, three torrential rains and floods swept away the crops on both sides of the river, resulting in no harvest and heavy losses. Autumn cold, calculated as more than 25 days per year, occurs twice every five years on average, especially in the hilly areas in the middle and west of the Duhe River Valley, and the mountainous areas in the southwest and southeast border, once every two years. Low temperature, calculated as more than 12 days per year, twice in 5 years on average.

hydrology

There are 646 rivers in Zhushan County, including 98 Changliu rivers,

Chinese PinYin : Hu Bei Sheng Shi Yan Shi Zhu Shan Xian