Heshan District, Yiyang City, Hunan Province

Heshan District Heshan District, belonging to Yiyang City, Hunan Province, is located in the north of central Hunan, on the Bank of Dongting Lake, adjacent to Xiangyin and Wangcheng in the East, Ningxiang in the south, Taojiang in the West and Zishui in the north. In the southwest of the area, there is the remaining vein of Xuefeng mountain, and the highest point, biyunfeng, is 502 meters above sea level; in the middle, the ground fluctuates gently, with hills alternating with plains; in the northeast, there is a lakeside plain, flat and open, with continuous arable land and fertile soil, which is the main agricultural product base in the region. The total area of the region is 1285 square kilometers (excluding the high tech Zone), which governs 12 towns, 4 streets and 1 Industrial Park.

In 2015, Heshan District has jurisdiction over Bijiashan Township, 10 towns including oujiangcha, xinshidu, quanjiaohe, bazishao, Lanxi, Yuejiaqiao, henglongqiao, Nijiangkou, cangshuipu and xielingang, and 6 streets including Heshan, taohualun, jinyinshan, Huilongshan, yuxingshan and Chaoyang.

Heshan District is the political, economic and cultural center of Yiyang City, where Shichang Railway and Luozhan railway meet; Zishui is directly connected with Changsha through Dongting Lake estuary, and the inland river is navigable throughout the year. Famous people in Heshan include Hu Linyi, a famous official in the late Qing Dynasty and Zhou Libo, a people's writer. In 2013, it won the award of national pig transfer out county, and was rated as national safe agricultural machinery Demonstration County, provincial county economic development advanced county (District), provincial food production model county, and provincial drug safety demonstration county. On January 29, 2021, it was selected into the list of areas with remarkable achievements in real work in 2020 announced by Hunan Provincial People's government.

Historical evolution

Heshan District is named after the famous Heshan temple, which was established on April 7, 1994.

Yiyang County (the predecessor of Heshan District) has a long history. As early as the Paleolithic age, primitive humans lived here. In the Neolithic age, the ancestors lived in groups along the banks of Dongting Lake and Zishui lake. In the bronze age, villages became more and more intensive, and the ancestors used stone and wood tools for farming, and agriculture and animal husbandry began to develop. During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Yiyang belonged to Chu and served as a grain storage base for Chu troops.

After Qin unified the six states, Yiyang County was set up. It is named for its location in the north of Yishui (now Zishui). At the beginning of its establishment, the county had an administrative area of 21800 square kilometers. The county government is located in Baima Mountain on the North Bank of Zishui.

In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, agricultural production gradually developed, and the ancient post road connecting the East and the West began to form. In the 11th year of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty (196 B.C.), Lu Jia, a senior doctor of Dazhong, was sent to Nanyue from Chang'an, Kyoto. He passed by Yiyang and lived in tiepuling Nanshan on the South Bank of Zishui. The "rule of culture and scenery" is flourishing.

During the period of the Three Kingdoms, Yiyang was the territory of Shu and Wu. Today, there are sites such as zhugejing, lushudi, malianghu and ganninglei. When Sun Quan wanted to take Jingzhou, he sent Lu Su to lead the army and refused Guan Yu to Yiyang. The two armies confronted each other and Guan Yu went to the meeting alone at Dadukou.

During the Western Jin Dynasty and the northern and Southern Dynasties, the refugees from Bashu moved to Jingxiang, and the population of the county increased day by day. In the first year of Ningkang (373) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Buddhism was introduced into China. Zen master Huiyuan, the leader of the Southern Sect, built Qingxiu temple and Baoquan temple in Qingxiu mountain and Huilong mountain respectively. Taoism began to spread, and its disciples practiced in Fuqiu mountain.

During the Tang Dynasty, the county economy gradually recovered. During the reign of Zhenguan, the economy was prosperous and the production of rice, hemp, tea and bamboo was well-known. Buddhism prevailed. The imperial court sent Yuchi Jingde to build Longya temple and longan temple in Yiyang County. There are 24 temples with more than 1600 Buddhists. Qingxiu temple, Bailu temple, Guangfa temple and Xifeng temple are the "four big jungles" in Yiyang. Pei Xiu (later Prime Minister) once taught in Bailu temple. Qi Ji, an eminent monk in the city, was a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty, with 822 poems handed down from generation to generation.

In Song Dynasty, the porcelain kiln industry in yangwuling, zhubotang and stalagmite rose, and the county government became the main distribution center of bamboo and wood and by-products in Northwest Hunan. With the prosperity of culture, the Academy was built in the county government, nanxuan lecture school was founded in Qingxiushan, Neo Confucianism Master Zhu Xi, Prime Minister Li Gang, famous scholar Su Shi, etc., or lecture in the school to teach students widely, or come to Qingxiu temple, Bailu temple and other places to read poems and Fu. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the feudal oppression intensified, and the peasant uprising led by Zhong Xiang was held in Dongting Lake area. In the third year of Jianyan (1129), the uprising army conquered Yiyang County and killed yuan Xian.

From the Yuan Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty (1264-1294), 12 small embankments, including Hepi and Youma, were built in the lake area. In the first year of Yuanzhen (1295), there were 10000 households in Yiyang County, which was upgraded to a prefecture. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, many years of fighting and killing, floods, the population of the state decreased sharply, and the land was desolate.

In the 14th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368), Yiyang descended to prefecture and became a county. During the period from Hongwu to Yongle, there were 271 immigrants from Ji'an, Jishui and other places in Jiangxi Province. In the middle of Ming Dynasty, the distribution of towns and administrative divisions were basically finalized, and the county was divided into 23 lanes. In the thirtieth year of Jiajing (1551), Liu Ji, the county magistrate, founded Longzhou academy, established more than 20 social schools, such as Lanxi, in Guitai mountain on the South Bank of the county government, and built the city wall on the former site of the county government. In 1582, Lanxi, quanjiaohe and cangshuipu developed into rural industrial and commercial fairs. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the county suffered from floods, droughts and epidemics, resulting in population reduction and social decline.

In the Qing Dynasty, the administrative area of the whole county was about 3180 square kilometers, with 23 lanes. In the heyday of Kangxi and Qianlong, the imperial court rewarded farming, and the cultivated land expanded to more than 840000 mu. Double cropping rice was first planted in the lake area, and the rice yield increased rapidly. During the reign of Jiaqing, the county had become an area of "flourishing population" and "dense land". Rice, fish, pigs, bamboo and wood were more than self-sufficient. In normal years, 100000-200000 stones of rice were exported. After Jiaqing, the Qing government was corrupt, the landlord class took the opportunity to annex land, the tenant farmers were severely exploited, and the class and national contradictions intensified.

In the 20th year of Daoguang in Qing Dynasty (1840), opium came into China and society declined. In 1852, the Taiping army conquered the county and renamed Yiyang County "Desheng county". After that, the "red scarf army", "the red Mafia society" and "the brotherhood society" broke out one after another, but they were all suppressed by the government.

In 1911, the revolution of 1911 was successful, the Qing Dynasty was destroyed, the county supported the Republic, and the feudal monarchy of more than 2000 years ended.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the Yiyang branch of the Kuomintang was established. In the following year, Tang Xiangming, the governor of Hunan, ordered it to be dissolved. After the warlords scuffled, the county became a stronghold, the political situation was unstable, and the economy was in recession.

In June 1924, Xia Xi, Ouyang Diyu, Ouyang Ze and other underground party members established the first rural branch of the Communist Party of China in Hunan Province. In October 1926, the Yiyang local executive committee of the CPC was established.

In the middle of the Republic of China, Yiyang section of Chang (SHA) Chang (DE) highway and Yi (Yang) yuan (Jiang) simple highway were built successively. In the 19th year of the Republic of China, the Hunan provincial government listed Yiyang as a first-class county.

On August 3, 1949, the 146 division of the 49th army of the Chinese people's Liberation Army entered the county seat and Yiyang was peacefully liberated. On August 18, the CPC Yiyang County Committee and the county people's government were established. After the founding of new China, the county abolished the administrative system of township and township, set up 12 districts and 315 townships, and established district and Township People's governments.

In 1958, the "great leap forward" and the people's communization movement were launched, and 13 people's communes were established in the county.

In March 1968, the county Revolutionary Committee was established.

In 1979, the county people's Congress and the county people's Political Consultative Conference were established, the revolutionary committees and people's communes at all levels were abolished, and the people's governments of counties and townships (towns) were established.

In 1994, with the reconstruction of Yiyang area into Yiyang City, the ancient civilization of Yiyang County was changed into Heshan District of Yiyang City. On April 7, 1994, the State Council approved: (1) selling Yiyang Prefecture, Yiyang City and Yiyang County, establishing Yiyang City (prefecture level). (2) Ziyang district and Heshan District are newly established in Yiyang City. Ziyang district has jurisdiction over four sub district offices of Chelu, Dadou, Chengnei and dashuiping in Yiyang City, two towns of xinqiaohe and yingfengqiao, five townships of Changchun, xiangpulun, lichangang, guoluping and Yanglinao, Shatou, penghukou and zhangjiasai in Yiyang County, and Dadou sub district office of the District People's Government in Yiyang City. Heshan District has jurisdiction over two townships of huangnihu and jinhuahu in Yiyang City, two sub district offices of taohualun and Huilongshan, and ten towns of Heshan, henglongqiao, cangshuipu, oujiangcha, quanjiaohe, Lanxi, bazishao, Nijiangkou, xinshidu and xielingang in Yiyang County, as well as Tika, Yuejiaqiao, Daquan, fanjiamiao, baishitang, huaiqiling, zhubotang, Shanghu, paikou and Zhangjia Tang, yangwuling, Yangjiao, stalagmites, Bijiashan, nihu, lannihu, qianjiazhou, tianchengyuan and dengshiqiao are 19 townships. The District People's government is located in Heshan Town, where the former Yiyang County People's government is located.

On April 7, 1994, the State Council approved the abolition of Yiyang Prefecture, Yiyang City and Yiyang County, and the establishment of prefecture level Yiyang City, Ziyang district and Heshan District. Heshan District has jurisdiction over two townships of huangnihu and jinhuahu and two streets of taohualun and Huilongshan in Yiyang City, 10 towns of Heshan, henglongqiao, cangshuipu, oujiangcha, quanjiaohe, Lanxi, bazishao, Nijiangkou, xinshidu and xielingang in Yiyang County, and 10 towns of Tika, Yuejiaqiao, Daquan, fanjiamiao, baishitang, huaiqiling, zhubotang, Shanghu, paikou and zhangjiatang in Yiyang County Yangwuling, Yangjiao, stalagmites, Bijiashan, nihu, lannihu, qianjiazhou, tianchengyuan and dengshiqiao are 19 townships. The district government is located in Heshan Town, where the former Yiyang County government is located. Shatou Town, penghukou town and zhangjiasai township of Yiyang County were under the jurisdiction of Ziyang district.

In 1995, Heshan Town was abolished to establish Heshan street, jinhuahu township was abolished to establish jinyinshan street, and Chaoyang Street was established in some areas of dengshiqiao Township, huangnihu Township, yangwuling Township and Heshan Town; huaiqiling township was merged into henglongqiao Town, Fenghuang Lake farm into bazishao Town, lannihu Township and nihu Township into quanjiaohe Town, and Shanghu township was merged

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