Derong County, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province

Derong County, located in Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, is located at 99 ° 07 ′ - 99 ° 34 ′ E and 28 ° 09 ′ - 29 ° 10 ′ n. Located in the southwest of Sichuan Province, it is located in the middle of the great Shangri La tourist ring line in the junction of Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet. Derong county is an arid valley of Jinsha River. It is connected with Batang and Xiangcheng counties in Ganzi Prefecture in the north, Shangri La County in Diqing Prefecture in Yunnan Province in the southeast, and Deqin County in Diqing Prefecture in Yunnan Province in the southwest. It is 670 km from Kangding, 1040 km from Chengdu (in the direction of Kangding) and 1477 km from Yunnan to Chengdu.

In 2017, the area of the county was 2916 square kilometers, with 3 towns, 9 townships and 127 villages, 3 communities and 251 natural villages. By the end of 2017, the total population of the county was 25859 (registered residence population), with a population density of 8.86 persons / square kilometers. In 2017, the GDP of Derong county was 814 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.7%; the investment in fixed assets of the whole society was 1.287 billion yuan, and the general budget revenue of local finance was 44.08 million yuan.

The origin of Derong Tibetans is composed of three parts: the Tibetans from Ali, Gyangze, Gongbu and Jiangda of Tibet Autonomous Region when Songzanganbu unified the plateau in the 7th century, and the Naxi people who accompanied the army when the Naxi king of Yunnan expanded to the southern part of Kangnan from 1451 to 1509. Derong belongs to Kangba Tibetan area and believes in Tibetan Buddhism.

On September 25, 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county" of the Ministry of Commerce. On February 18, 2020, withdraw from poverty-stricken counties.

Historical evolution

"Derong", formerly known as "Derong", was originally under the jurisdiction of Batang chieftain and translated as "the land of the gorge". the Eastern Han Dynasty was the land of Bailang Qiang. Tang belongs to Tubo. The Yuan Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of the Marshal's office of the Xuanwei Department of duosigan. Ming Dynasty was under the command of the commander of the capital of duoganwei. From the second year of Longqing to the twelfth year of Chongzhen (1568-1639), Ming Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of the Tusi of the Naxi nationality, the prefect of Lijiang, Yunnan Province. Qing Yongzheng seven years (1729), belongs to Batang Xuanwei department. In the third year of Xuantong (1911), the county government was set up after "changing the land to flow". During the period of the Republic of China, it was under the jurisdiction of Xikang province. In 1913, it was established in Derong county. In 1925, it belonged to Xikang Special Administrative Region. In 1939, it was the fifth administrative supervision district of Xikang province. in 1950, it belongs to Xikang Tibetan Autonomous Region. In October 1955, it belongs to Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Region of Sichuan Province. In 1990, it had jurisdiction over three districts and nine townships. in 1992, the administrative division was adjusted, and the former baisong, Ciwu and Gongbo townships in Batang County were classified as Derong, and the government's resident songmai township was removed from the township to build a town. Since 2002, four district working committees have been established, namely, Chengguan District Working Committee, rilong District Working Committee, Ciwu District Working Committee and Zigeng District Working Committee. In 2013, Zigeng township was replaced by Waka Town, and in 2016, baisong township was replaced by baisong town.

administrative division

By the end of 2017, Derong county has jurisdiction over three towns and nine townships: songmai Town, Waka Town, baisong Town, Sizha Township, Bendu Township, Bari Township, rilong Township, Xulong Township, quyagong Township, Guxue Township, Ciwu Township and Gongbo Township, with a total of 127 administrative villages, 3 communities and 251 natural villages.

Population nationality

By the end of 2017, the total population of 25859 people in the county was registered residence (population), of which 21151 were agricultural population and 4694 were non agricultural population. There are 24492 Tibetans, 605 Hans and 748 other ethnic minorities. The population density is 8.86 per square kilometer. tibetan population accounts for 94.7% of the total population in Derong county. Other ethnic minorities such as Han, Naxi, Mongolian, Qiang and Yi live in concentrated communities. Naxi village is the only Naxi settlement in Ganzi Prefecture.

geographical environment

Location context

Derong county is located at 99 ° 07 ′ - 99 ° 34 ′ E and 28 ° 09 ′ - 29 ° 10 ′ n. Located in the southwest of Sichuan Province, it belongs to the arid valley of Jinsha River. It is adjacent to Batang and Xiangcheng counties in the north, Shangri La city in Yunnan Province in the southeast, and Deqin County in Yunnan Province in the southwest. The maximum distance between East and west of the county is 44 km, and the maximum distance between North and south is 112 km. The total area is 2916 square kilometers.

topographic features

The landform of Derong county is complex. According to the record of Sichuan geography, at the end of the tertiary, some micro blocks were divided in Batang and Derong areas of Sichuan Province. After the Quaternary, the surface gradually uplifted and cut into high mountain and gorge landform under various geological forces. the valley area of Derong county is mainly composed of slope deposits, and there are pluvial deposits at the gully mouth. According to the cutting degree, it can be divided into three types: deep cutting, medium cutting and shallow cutting. Derong county is located in the southeast edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. About 100 million years ago, in the Mesozoic Jurassic period, under the strong East-West pressure of the crust, a series of large north-south folds and faults were formed, accompanied by a large number of magma intrusion, forming the early Hengduan Mountains. the terrain of Derong county is high in the north and low in the south, and the northern ridge line is generally about 5000 meters. Gajinxue mountain is 4920 meters above sea level, dongwangya mountain is 4769 meters above sea level, geriding mountain is 4949 meters above sea level, and guiwengying mountain is 4944 meters above sea level. Most of the tributaries of the Jinsha River in Derong County originate from the northern mountains, and most of them are Shun Xiang River. However, the extremely high mountain stands at the southeast edge of the county, with an altitude of 4900-5599 meters. The back mountain of Yongcun village, located in the ancient countryside, has an altitude of 5599 meters, which is the highest peak in the county. However, the exit point of Jinsha River, less than 30 kilometers away, is only 1990 meters above sea level, with a relative elevation difference of 3609 meters.

climate

Derong county belongs to the subtropical arid valley climate zone, is the southwest arid valley center. The annual average precipitation is 327.1 mm, and the annual evaporation is 7 times of the annual precipitation. The annual average temperature of the county is 14.8 ℃, the average temperature of the coldest month is 5 ℃, the average temperature of the hottest month is 22.8 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature over the years is 36.3 ℃, the minimum temperature is - 8.9 ℃, the average annual frost free period is 243 days, the average annual sunshine hours is 2200.7 hours, and the average annual relative humidity is 46%.

hydrology

The water system in Derong county is Jinsha River. Jinsha river cuts through the southwest of the county from north to south. There are Dingqu River, Mayi River, Shuoqu River and Gangqu river. The total runoff (excluding Jinsha River) is 5.228 billion cubic meters. Except for the theoretical reserves of electric power, the Jinsha River has 750000 kilowatts, 570000 kilowatts can be developed, and 346000 kilowatts have been developed. There are nine lakes with a total area of about 325000 square meters and a total water storage capacity of about 100 million cubic meters.

natural resources

land resource

By the end of 2017, the total area of cultivated land in Derong county was 35300 mu, accounting for 0.82% of the total area; among the cultivated land, 12600 mu of irrigated land, 0.62 mu per capita; 15400 mu of dry land, 0.71 mu per capita.
There are 2.092 million mu of grassland in Derong County, accounting for 47% of the land area of Derong County, including 2.0919 million mu of natural grassland, accounting for 99.9%, and 1525.4 mu of artificial grassland. The woodland area of Derong county is 176417.42 hectares, accounting for 60.5% of the total land area of Derong county.

Biological resources

Plant resources: fragrant wood, Vitex negundo, Vitex yunnanensis, Nitraria Nitraria, Bauhinia angustifolia, caryophylla Huaxi, Syringa oblata, Aquilaria odorata, cactus, Leguminosae, Gramineae, Compositae, leucorrhiza and other plants. The wild plants include Pinus tabulaeformis, Sequoia koraiensis, Picea chuanxiensis, Picea Lijiang, Abies squamosa, Abies chuandianensis and other plants.
Rare plants are: Cordyceps, Tricholoma matsutake, Fritillaria, Saussurea, astragalus, Cortex Moutan, Taxus, cherry, etc.
Animal resources there are 30 species of mammals, belonging to 5 orders and 15 families. Among them, there are snow leopard and leopard under the first level national protection; 12 species of Macaca mulatta, jackal, black bear, red bear and red panda under the second level national protection; and two species of red fox and leopard cat under the provincial protection. There are 78 species of birds belonging to 10 orders and 22 families. There are 5 species of reptiles, belonging to 1 order and 5 families. There are 5 species of amphibians, belonging to 2 orders and 3 families.

mineral resources

The main mineral resources in Derong county are gold, silver, chromium, copper, lead, zinc, cobalt, iron, manganese, xiazhucui, marble, crystal, talc, Iceland spar, gypsum, muddy green rock and other minerals. It is mainly distributed in Gongbo Township, Bendu Township, Xulong Township, baisong Town, Ciwu Township, Guxue Township, etc.
Gold deposit: mainly in the form of placer gold, it is stored in the river alluvium along the Jinsha River. The primary gold deposit is located in rudegong, Ciwu Township, containing gold, copper, lead, zinc and other components.
Silver: it is mainly distributed in the associated situation in the lead ore and cobalt bearing rocks. Silver exists in the lead ore of moding and the ancient silver and cobalt bearing basic rocks.
Copper: there are copper deposits in Songli, Xulong, zhangren and Bayi. The northern part of the mineralized zone is 120m long, with an average grade of 5.97%, grade D + geological reserves of 1136 tons.
Chromium: chromium is mainly produced in chromium bearing ultrabasic rocks in Xulong Township, the ore grade is 30.88% ~ 54.74% of chromium trioxide, the associated minerals are analyzed by 190 samples, the total amount of platinum group elements is more than 0.5g/t, only 11 samples, the surface chromic iron reserves of the mine is 4436 tons.

Economics

overview

In 2017, the GDP of Derong county was 814 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.7%; the general budget revenue of local finance was 44.08 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.42%. derong County in 2017

Chinese PinYin : Si Chuan Sheng Gan Zi Cang Zu Zi Zhi Zhou De Rong Xian