Dege County, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province

Dege County, subordinate to Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province, is located in the northwest of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, between 98 ° 12 ′ ~ 98 ° 41 ′ E and 31 ° 24 ′ ~ 32 ° 43 ′ n, adjacent to Ganzi County in the East, Baiyu County in the south, Jiangda County across Jinsha River in the west, Shiqu County in the north, and the upper reaches of Jinsha River and Yalong River. The total area of the county is 11025.24 square kilometers. National Highway 317 of Sichuan Tibet highway runs through the county and some districts and townships. The altitude of queershan pass is 5050 meters, which is known as "the highest and the most dangerous in Sichuan Tibet". The county is 588 kilometers away from Kangding, the capital of the prefecture, and 954 kilometers away from Chengdu, the provincial capital. By the end of 2016, the registered residence population of the county was 87551. The government is based in Gengqing town. By the end of 2010, the GDP of dege county was about 230 million yuan.

Dege county is a county mainly engaged in animal husbandry. The famous scenic spots include dege Yinjing academy, the national key cultural relic protection unit, which is the first of the three Tibetan Buddhist Yinjing academies in China, and Ashu grassland, the hometown of King Gesar.

On September 25, 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county" of the Ministry of Commerce.

On February 18, 2020, withdraw from poverty-stricken counties.

Historical evolution

In ancient times, it was the land of Dong nationality. the Western Han Dynasty is the "dynamic sticky" land. At the beginning of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it belonged to the brandy and the vassal states. In the 12th year of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty (638), it belonged to the semogang of DUOKANG Liugang under the jurisdiction of Tubo. The Yuan Dynasty belonged to the Marshal's office of Xuanwei envoys in Tubo and other routes, and set up the Marshal's office of military and civilian capital in duogansi field with the Russian rebellion as the center. In the sixth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1373), duoganwei was set up. In the following year, duogansi was promoted to the command department of Yingan Xingdu, and duogansi was added. In the sixth year of Yongzheng (1728) of the Qing Dynasty, Lin Cong pacification department and dergete pacification department were set up; in the tenth year of Yongzheng (1732), dergete pacification department was promoted to Xuanwei department. In the first year of Xuantong (1909), Dehua Prefecture was established. in 1913, it was occupied by the Tibetan army and was renamed "Dexi". In 1932, dege county was restored to Xikang Special Administrative Region. In 1939, it was the fourth administrative supervision district of Xikang province. in 1950, Xikang Tibetan Autonomous Region. In October 1955, it belongs to Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province. In 1978, Dengke county was abolished and divided into two districts and eight townships in dege. In 1990, dege county had jurisdiction over 6 districts, 26 townships and 1 town. The county government is Gengqing town.

administrative division

In 2011, dege county has jurisdiction over 25 townships, 1 town and 171 administrative villages. It governs Gengqing Town, including Dama Township, puma Township, yueba Township, babang Township, GONGYA Township, Baiya Township, Ernan Township, Zhuqing Township, Ezhi Township, Yulong Township, cuo'a Township, Wogong Township, wentuo Township, niangu Township, langduo Township, ASU Township, Dagun Township, Yading Township, suoba Township, zhongzake Township, shangrangu Township, wangbuding Township, keluodong Township, kasongdu Township and manigange township.

geographical environment

position

Dege County, located in the northwest of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, is located between 98 ° 12 ′ ~ 98 ° 41 ′ E and 31 ° 24 ′ ~ 32 ° 43 ′ n, adjacent to Ganzi County in the East, Baiyu County in the south, Jiangda County across Jinsha River in the west, Shiqu County in the north, and the upper reaches of Jinsha River and Yalong River.

terrain

Dege county is located in the southeastern margin of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, Hengduan Mountain System of the Shaluli mountains. The terrain is complex. The highest point is rongmaioza peak, with an altitude of 6168 meters. The lowest point is the maiquhekou of dingduqiao at the junction of Baiyu County, with an altitude of 2980 meters. The relative altitude of the whole county is 3188 meters, with an average altitude of 4235 meters. The whole county is marked by queer mountain, which divides the whole county into northeast and southwest parts. The northeast is high, the valley is wide and flat, the soil is fertile, and the planation surface is well preserved, which belongs to the hilly plateau landform of Northwest Sichuan; the southwest is low, the valley is deep, and the terrain height difference is large, which belongs to the alpine Canyon landform. There are more than 30 glaciers and 30 peaks at an altitude of more than 5000 meters.

rivers

The rivers in dege county take queer mountain as the watershed, forming the Yalong River water system in the East. The main rivers are Baqu, Yuqu and other 12 tributaries of the Yalong River water system. The main flow of the Yalong River in dege county is 165 km, the drainage area is 6500 square km, and the total runoff is 1.58 billion cubic km. In the west, there are five tributaries of the Jinsha River system, including sequ and maiqu. The main stream of the Jinsha River flows 156 kilometers in dege, with a drainage area of 4800 square kilometers and a total runoff of 1.24 billion cubic kilometers.

climate

Dege county has a continental plateau monsoon climate with dry air, low temperature, long winter and short summer. The annual average temperature is 6.7 ℃, the maximum temperature is 30 ℃, and the minimum temperature is - 20.7 ℃. The annual average precipitation is 623 mm, mostly from May to September. There are frequent frost and hail, early snowfall and long sunshine. The frost free period is about 115 days, with an average annual sunshine of 1966 hours.

natural resources

Hydropower resources

The water energy reserves of Jinsha River in dege county are 1.19 million kilowatts and 336000 kilowatts respectively. The water energy reserves of Yalong River are 450000 kW and branch water 237000 kW. The total theoretical reserves of water energy in dege section of Jinsha River and Yalong River and its tributaries are 2.249 million kilowatts.

Mineral resources

As of 2011, dege county has proved 17 minerals and 63 ore producing areas, including 1 large deposit, 4 medium deposit, 26 small deposit, 31 ore occurrence and 11 mineralization point. The main minerals are copper, lead, zinc, nickel, vanadium, tungsten, mercury, tin, gold, silver, etc.

Animal resources

There are more than 170 species of wild animals in dege County, including mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles. Among them, there are 9 species of national first-class protected animals, such as white lipped deer, leopard and golden eagle, and 32 species of national second-class protected animals, such as black bear, otter and forest musk deer.

plant resources

As of 2011, dege county has a forest area of 866100 mu, with a standing stock of 15.161 million cubic meters, mainly composed of Cunninghamia lanceolata, cypress and birch. There are more than 500 kinds of Chinese and Tibetan medicine wild plants in the village, such as Cordyceps sinensis, Fritillaria, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, rhubarb, Rhodiola, snow lotus, Gentiana macrophylla, Aucklandia, notopterygium, Aucklandia, Codonopsis pilosula, etc. Among them, Cordyceps sinensis and rhubarb are especially precious.

Population nationality

population

As of 2011, dege County registered residence population of 83495 people, of which: Tibetan accounted for about 96%, Han, Yi, Tujia, Miao and so on accounted for about 4%.

nation

There are Yi, Tibetan, Qiang, Miao, Hui, Mongolian, Tujia, Lisu, man, Yao, Dong, Naxi, Buyi, Bai, Zhuang, Dai and other ethnic groups in the territory

economic development

By the end of 2010, the GDP of dege county was about 230 million yuan; the local fiscal revenue was only more than 4 million yuan, and the annual per capita income of the whole county was only more than 1400 yuan, with obvious polarization and a large number of absolute poor people.

Animal husbandry

Dege county has more mountains and less land, and its economy is dominated by animal husbandry. As of 2011, 92100 mu of agricultural land has been developed, accounting for 0.51% of the total area; 9156000 mu of animal husbandry land, accounting for 51.06% of the total area; 3156500 mu of forestry land, accounting for 7.6% of the total area; there are 4290 livestock in dege County, producing 2292 tons of meat, 9103 tons of milk, 34 tons of wool, 51 tons of yak hair, 38 tons of cow hair, with an output value of 17.52 million yuan. The crops are mainly highland barley and wheat, with a total grain output of 7192 tons and a total agricultural output value of 28.01 million yuan. The average net income of farmers and herdsmen is 527 yuan.

Trade

In 2011, dege county invested more than 400000 yuan to upgrade the agricultural market. Combined with the actual situation of dege City, it organized the development and reform, commerce, urban construction, industry and commerce departments to carry out on-site office. According to the standard, it divided fresh meat, vegetables, fruits, non-staple food, dry and miscellaneous food, poultry and aquatic products into six areas, set up 20 stores, 36 stalls, and unified planning, unified design and unified identification.

Industry

The industrial foundation of dege county is weak. As of 2010, there were 7 industrial enterprises, including electric power, automobile transportation, printing, etc., with a total industrial output value of 3.92 million yuan.

social undertakings

education

During the period of the Republic of China, there were only three primary schools in dege County, of which two were run and stopped from time to time. After liberation, great changes have taken place. By 1990, there were 26 primary schools with 2361 students and 234 primary school teachers; 1 middle school with 79 high school students, 188 junior high school students and 27 full-time teachers; 1 kindergarten with 133 children. as of 2011, there were 42 primary schools in 25 townships of 1 town in dege County, 28 of which were rural primary schools, all of which were completed primary schools from grade one to grade six, 14 of which were village primary schools, and there were several primary schools organized by the people themselves. The primary schools such as niangu, Zake, burning Gu and wentuo involved in this survey. There are two middle schools in the county, all of which only have junior middle schools. There are three grades in dege County, with 406 students. Manigango Tibetan middle school has more than 258 students. If students of the two schools continue to go to school after graduating from junior high school, they have to study in Kangding, Luding, Ganzi and even Chengdu. The school adopts bilingual teaching, including primary school and middle school; but in the county primary school, the survey found that Tibetan teaching is only carried out in the first and second grade of primary school, and Chinese teaching is used after the third grade. There are three special Tibetan schools in Ganzi Prefecture: Kangding Sichuan Tibetan School (technical secondary school), Xinduqiao Tibetan middle school and manigange Tibetan middle school.

hygiene

As of 2010, there were 32 county hospitals, Tibetan hospitals, district and township health centers (institutes) and other health and medical institutions in dege county

Chinese PinYin : Si Chuan Sheng Gan Zi Cang Zu Zi Zhi Zhou De Ge Xian