Loufan County, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province

Loufan County is a county under the jurisdiction of Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. Its geographical coordinates are 111 ° 31 ′ - 112 ° 02 ′ e, 37 ° 51 ′ - 38 ° 13 ′ n. It is located in the northwest of Taiyuan City, the hinterland of Luliang Mountain, and the middle and upper reaches of Fenhe river. It is 97 km away from Taiyuan, the provincial capital. It is close to Gujiao in the East, Fangshan in the west, Jiaocheng in the south, jingle in the north, and Lan county in the northwest. It is a country integrating mountainous area, old area and reservoir area The key county for poverty alleviation and development is also the most important water source and ecological barrier in Taiyuan.

Loufan County has a total area of 1289 square kilometers. As of 2012, Loufan County has jurisdiction over 3 towns, 5 townships, 6 neighborhood committees and 142 administrative villages, with a total population of 123000, including 96000 agricultural population.

On September 25, 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county" of the Ministry of Commerce. On April 18, 2019, the people's Government of Shanxi Province approved Loufan County to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county.

Evolution of organizational system

Name evolution

"The king of Zhou had a building to annoy the state.". Loufan was originally the name of an ancient nation or tribe, and later evolved into a regional concept, becoming the name of county, county and township in history. Today, the place name of Loufan County, beside the word "wood" in history, mistakenly wrote "Loufan" as "Loufan" in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, "Loufan" and "Loufan" were still mixed up. One of the reasons is that "Lou" and "Lou" can be used in ancient Chinese. The second reason is that according to the records of Chongxu jingle County in 1866, it is believed that the ancient "Loufan" was occupied by the Hu people. Later, in order to avoid becoming Hu people, the Han people living here used the sound name and changed the shape of the word "Lou". In addition, in the twenty-eight constellations, "Lou" star is "lucky star", which means "many lucky stars" and "lucky stars shine high".

History of organizational system

From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the spring and Autumn period, Loufan state was equivalent to Huhhot in the north, Shuozhou in Yanbei in the south, and then expanded. Its scope roughly included Qingshuihe in Inner Mongolia in the north, Yinshan in the west, Lingshi in Shanxi in the south, Pingshan County in Hebei in the East, and Taiyuan City in the southeast.

During the Warring States period, the state of Loufan was broken by King Wuling of Zhao and belonged to the state of Zhao. The place name of Loufan has been continued in this area, including counties, prefectures, counties and towns.

After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he first divided the whole country into 36 counties, and then extended it to 46 counties, adding Loufan County.

In the Western Han Dynasty, because of the establishment of Loufan County, it was located in xiaguancheng village in the present Shuo city. Loufan County in today's Taiyuan city belonged to Fenyang County in the Han Dynasty, and was called muyuan in the Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties.

At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, because of the war, Liu Kun moved to Loufan County, and the people moved across Xingling to replace Loufan County. The county was located in Dayang village, Yuanping City.

Beiqi county was abandoned.

In 608, Loufan County was restored to three counties, jingle County, Linquan county and Xiurong county (now Xinzhou City). Zhuloufan city is located in the old Loufan site (the inundated area of Fenhe Reservoir).

The county was abolished in the Tang Dynasty. In the fourth year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (621 AD), a state was established, which was called Xianzhou. In the early Tang Dynasty, Xianzhou governed Loufan, Tianchi and xuanchi, which were the main sources of military horses in the northern frontier of the Tang Dynasty. At the beginning of Tang Dynasty, Loufan County in Taiyuan city was the pasture of Loufan County. In the first year of Longji (889 AD), Loufan County was added to Xianzhou City, becoming the location of two levels of prefecture and county.

In the Five Dynasties, Xianzhou and Loufan counties in the northern Han Dynasty were established along the Tang Dynasty.

In the Northern Song Dynasty and Jin Dynasty, Loufan belonged to Lanzhou.

In the 22nd year of the Yuan Dynasty (1285), Loufan County was merged into Guanzhou, and the Loufan inspection department was set up. In the third year of Yanyou reign of emperor Renzong of Yuan Dynasty (1316 AD), Loufan County was changed to Yongning Prefecture.

In the early Ming Dynasty, the county was abandoned as a town and merged into jingle County, where a patrol inspection department was set up, belonging to Taiyuan Prefecture.

Under the system of Yanming in the Qing Dynasty, Loufan was a town in 1724 A.D., under the jurisdiction of jingle County, Xinzhou Prefecture.

After the revolution of 1911, in the early years of the Republic of China (1912 A.D.), the government was abolished and the Prefecture was changed into a county, and roads were set up in all provinces. Jingle county belongs to Yanmen road in Shanxi Province. The whole county is divided into three districts. Most of Loufan County is the Second District, Loufan Town, until the eve of the "Jin Sui incident" in January 1940.

In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940 AD), jingle county was the third special office of Northwest Shanxi administrative office.

On January 7, 1940, the CPC jingle County Committee established an anti Japanese democratic government in Loufan area. Since then, the county government has been resident in Loufan area, and most of the area is now Loufan County.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in September 1945, jingle County, formerly under the jurisdiction of the eighth special administration, was renamed Loufan County in November of the Jin Sui border region. At the same time, it was under the jurisdiction of the third special administration, and the county government was located in Loufan town.

In February 1946, Loufan returned to jingle county and belonged to the sixth special office.

From October 1949 to April 1971, Loufan belonged to jingle county.

In 1958, when the Fenhe Reservoir was built, Loufan town was inundated by the reservoir. The original residents moved west to HeJiazhuang and tongziya to rebuild Loufan town.

In May 1971, the State Council approved the reconstruction of Loufan County, which belongs to Luliang area.

On April 1, 1972, it was transferred to Taiyuan city. The county people's government is located in Loufan town.

administrative division

As of June 2012, Loufan County has jurisdiction over three towns and five townships: Loufan Town, dujiaoqu town and Jingyou town; Miaowan Town, Majiazhuang Town, gaijiazhuang Town, Miyu town and tianchidian town.

geographical environment

Location context

Loufan County is located in the hinterland of Luliang Mountain Area in the northwest of Taiyuan City, with the geographical coordinates of 111 ° 31 ′～ 112 ° 02 ′ E and 37 ° 51 ′～ 38 ° 13 ′ n. It is 97 km away from Taiyuan City, covering a total area of 1289 square kilometers.

topographic features

Loufan County is surrounded by mountains in the northwest and hilly in the northeast. The ridge and adjacent counties (cities) form a natural boundary. The terrain is high in the southwest and low in the northeast, with the highest altitude of 2708.9 meters and the lowest altitude of 1030 meters.

climate

Loufan County has a temperate continental climate, which is characterized by dry climate, less rainfall, low temperature, less wind, sufficient light, and hot and humid seasons. In terms of seasons, winter is long, dry and cold, summer is hot, rainy season is concentrated, spring is windy, heating up quickly, autumn is short, and the weather is cool. The annual average temperature is between 7.1 ℃ and 8.1 ℃, the frost free period is 120-140 days, the annual average rainfall is 428 mm, the annual westerly wind is 2.5 m / s. The total sunshine hours were 2872.6 hours. There are many phenomena of drought and frost, the main characteristics of which are nine droughts in ten years and early frost in spring.

natural resources

land resource

Loufan belongs to the Loess Plateau with many mountains and broad slopes. The total area of Loufan County is 1289.85 square kilometers, accounting for 8 ‰ of the total area of Shanxi Province and 18.3% of the total area of Taiyuan city.

As of April 2012, Loufan County has 283.15 square kilometers of cultivated land, 337.02 square kilometers of forest land, 28.73 square kilometers of urban industrial and mining land, and the rest are grassland, traffic land, water area and unused land.

Water resources

Fenhe is located in the east of Loufan County, running through the north and south, flowing through the territory of 37 kilometers. The larger rivers in the territory are Jianhe river, Lanzhou River, Chini River, Ximi River, Tianchi River, Xichuan River and Nanchuan river. The drainage area is 922.8 square kilometers. Total amount of flood: 68.47 million cubic meters in wet year, 54.41 million cubic meters in normal year, and 42.51 million cubic meters in medium dry year.

Loufan County has more than 40 clear water ditches, all of which belong to Koizumi gully water, with an annual total of 21.8 million cubic meters of clean water. Groundwater resources are also relatively rich. According to the preliminary calculation, in wet year, 139.71 million m3 / year, in normal year, 120.51 million m3 / year, and in moderate drought year, 107.71 million m3 / year, the exploitable amount of groundwater is 109 thousand tons / day. According to its burial conditions, it can be divided into upper stagnant water, phreatic water and tap water. The water area of Loufan County is 67500 mu, accounting for 3.48% of the total area.

mineral resources

The main proven minerals in Loufan are: coal, iron, marble, silicon, bauxite, limestone, graphite, white marble, quartzite, phosphorus, gypsum, mica, crystal stone, copper, gold, etc. Especially coal, iron, silicon and marble are abundant.

The proven coal reserves in Loufan County are up to 1.5 billion tons, mainly composed of gas coal, coking coal, steam coal and other varieties, with the characteristics of shallow burial, easy mining and good coal quality, and the calorific value is more than 8000 kcal / g. Mainly distributed in the north and south ends of the territory, coal area of 65 square kilometers. Iron ore reserves in more than 600 million tons, mainly distributed in the Western Jianshan, Huanggushan area, iron grade are more than 45%, open-pit mining, is one of the main sources of Taiyuan.

The proven reserves of silicon ore in Loufan County are 1 million tons, mainly distributed in Miyu town and township, with silicon content of 98%. Marble reserves of 100 million cubic meters, varieties are mainly red, gray blue, black, white four. Limestone is all over the county.

Biological resources

The coniferous forest in Loufan County is dominated by larch, Korean pine, white pine, spruce and cypress; the broad-leaved forest is dominated by poplar, willow, elm and locust. Fruit tree species mainly include apple, pear, peach, grape, apricot, etc. Wild fruit trees mainly include Prunus davidiana, Prunus armeniaca, Zizyphus jujuba, Prunus davidiana, Sonneratia Sanguinalis, etc. in addition, seabuckthorn is rich in shrubs.

Among the wild animal resources, there are brown eared pheasant, sika deer, deer musk deer, leopard, black crane, white swan and so on. Other wild animals include wolf, fox, badger, wild boar, hare, roe deer, weasel, squirrel, grey headed Parrot, pheasant, thrush, wild goose, swallow, cuckoo, woodpecker, Harrier, pigeon, sparrow, oriole, dove, bat, crow, magpie, owl, lark, etc. Besides, there are fish and shrimp, turtles and snakes.

Loufan County has a wide range of grazing slopes, abundant grasslands and good taste

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Tai Yuan Shi Lou Fan Xian