Wenchuan County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province

Wenchuan County, belonging to Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province, is located in the northwest of Sichuan Province, the Northwest Plateau of Sichuan Province and the southeast of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture. By the end of 2018, Wenchuan County has nine towns and three townships, covering an area of 4084 square kilometers, with a permanent resident population of 102500. Wenchuan county is named after Minjiang River (formerly known as Wenshui). It has a history of more than 2000 years since Wenshan County was established by Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty.

Wenchuan county is known as "the hometown of Dayu, panda home, and health care Wenchuan". It is one of the four Qiang inhabited counties in China. It is a place where Tibetan, Qiang, Hui, Han and other ethnic groups meet and merge. Duwen Expressway and national highway 213 and 317 pass through the county. Wenchuan has unique tourism resources, including national AAAAA scenic spot, Wenchuan special tourism area, national AAAA scenic spot, Dayu cultural tourism area, etc.

In 2018, Wenchuan county achieved a GDP of 5.848 billion yuan, a local public revenue of 342 million yuan, and a per capita disposable income of 31897 yuan for urban residents and 13437 yuan for rural residents.

Evolution of organizational system

In the Western Han Dynasty, Wenshan County was set up in the northern part of Shu County, which governed five counties including Mianhe. Mianhe was the county and county seat (the former site was in jiangweicheng, Weizhou Town, Wenchuan County). In the fifth year of Emperor Wu's Yuanfeng reign (106 BC), Sichuan was the Department of governor of Yizhou (Yizhou for short), and Mianhe belonged to Shu County of Yizhou. In the third year of emperor Xuandi's Festival (67 BC), Wenshan County was still under the jurisdiction of Shu County, which was ruled by the northern ranfu county.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, after Liu Xiuding's capital Luoyang, the old system of the Western Han Dynasty was restored, and Mian County was changed to Mian County, which was still subordinate to Shu county. In the third year of emperor an's reign (124), ranfu Duwei in the north of Shu county was removed and Wenshan County was restored. Mianhe was under the jurisdiction of Wenshan County.

In Shuhan Dynasty, in 221, Liu Bei rebuilt the "Han" state in Shu, known as "Shuhan" in history, and the capital of Chengdu. Wenshan county is still set up to govern Wenjiang River, and Duan county is set up in the south of Mianhe county (now Juyuan daojiangpu, Dujiangyan City).

In the Western Jin Dynasty, the sixth year of Xianning (280), Emperor Wudi of Jin Dynasty, Wenshan County was subordinate to Yizhou, and Mian County was changed into Wenshan County, which was still under the jurisdiction of the county.

The establishment of the Han Dynasty was the same as that of the Western Jin Dynasty.

In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the third year of emperor Mu Di's Yonghe (347) destroyed the Han Dynasty, and Wenshan county still ruled Wenshan County. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the county moved to the county.

Liu Song, Wenshan County moved to Du'an, governed Du'an (today's Guankou town of Dujiangyan City) and Yanguan (today's Juyuan daojiangpu town of Dujiangyan City), still under the jurisdiction of Yizhou, but Wenshan County was not built again because of the relocation of overseas Chinese.

In the Southern Qi Dynasty, Wenshan county still ruled capital an. In 486, Qiji county was established in Jiezi and Shuanghe of Chongzhou City, Xuankou (before relocation) and Shuimo of Wenchuan County. Wenshan County governs Du'an, Qiji and Yanguan counties.

In the Liang Dynasty, in the 56 years that Xiao Liang ruled Sichuan today, Wenshan county still set up Du'an, Qiji county changed into a county, and Wenchuan county (now Weizhou town) was set up in Mianhe county. Wenshan County governed Du'an, Yanguan and Wenchuan counties. In 522, Emperor Wudi set up Shengzhou in Fengyi Town, Maoxian County, and led Wenshan county (one county in Wenchuan) and Northern county (one county in Guangyang). Chengsheng two years (553) West Wei Ping Shu, province Wenchuan County, Wenshan county also rule Du'an, jurisdiction Du'an (prefecture), Yan Guan two counties.

In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, in the fourth year of Emperor Wudi's Baoding reign (564), Shengzhou was changed to Wenzhou, which governed the northern and Wenshan counties. In the third year of Tianhe (568), Wenshan County was transferred from Du'an to Weizhou town and restored to Wenchuan County, while Yanguan county was changed to Wenshan county (Guankou Town, Dujiangyan City). Wenshan County governs Wenchuan and Wenshan counties.

In the Sui Dynasty, Wenzhou and Fuzhou were changed to Shuzhou in 583, Huizhou in 585, and Zongguan mansion in 585. In 607, Yangdi was changed to Wenshan County. Wenshan County was governed by Wenshan county (now Fengyi town of Mao County), and Wenchuan county (Weizhou town) was subordinate to Wenshan County.

In Tang Dynasty, Wenshan County was changed to Huizhou in 618, nanhuizhou in 621 and Maozhou in 758. Lingwenshan, Wenchuan, Shiquan, Tonghua and 39 Jimi prefectures. In today's Wenchuan County, there are tuzhou (Caopo, tuyushan area) and Jimi prefectures such as penglu, Jiang, Nu, Ge, Wu, Geshi, Zhan, Da, Lang, Ying, which are distributed below today's Mianhe. In the first year of emperor Guangde (763), Songzhou and Weizhou were located in Tubo. During the period of Shu (907-965) before and after the Five Dynasties, the scope of Wenshan county had been narrowed. Today, weimen in Maowen county and the area west of Minjiang River in Wenchuan are all owned by Tubo.

In the Song Dynasty, Wenchuan County was still established, which was subordinate to Tonghua County of Maozhou. Shenzong Xining nine years (1076) to Wenchuan County set Weirong military envoy, subordinate to Chengdu Fu Road. In 1116, huizongzhenghe changed its name to Yanning army. In 1121, Xuanhe abandoned it as a village. The next year, the village was still in Wenchuan County. In the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279), Wenchuan County was still attached to Tonghua County of Maozhou.

In the Yuan Dynasty, in the first year of Zhongtong (1260), the Shizu set up the province of xingzhongshu in Shaanxi and Sichuan. In the 23rd year of the Yuan Dynasty (1286), the province of xingzhongshu in Sichuan was formally established, and the province of xingzhongshu in Shaanxi and Sichuan was changed into the province of xingzhongshu in Shaanxi and other places. After occupying the upper reaches of Minjiang River, Mongolian army successively established "Songpan kedieweimao and other military and civilian pacification departments" and Maozhou, Songzhou, panzhou, etc., which were under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi and other departments. Maozhou led Wenshan (prefecture) and Wenchuan counties. In 1283, the new military and civilian pacification department in Songpan, dieweimao and other places was changed to Xuanfu department in the early Yuan Dynasty. It moved to Wenchuan and later to Songzhou (now Jin'an Town, Songpan county).

In the Ming Dynasty, in 1371, Maozhou was incorporated into the provincial government of Xingzhong in Sichuan Province (which was changed into the provincial government of Sichuan Province in the ninth year of Hongwu). Wenchuan county is still under the jurisdiction of Maozhou. Taizu Hongwu seven years (1374) in today's Mianhe area set up Wenchuan chief division, hanshuiguan inspection division and thorough pass. During the Xuande period, due to the relocation of Weizhou to Weizhou, Wenchuan County was located in the north of qianhanshuiyi (now the seat of Mianhe township government), and the Vasi pacification envoy (TU Yushan) was also located in the area of Wenchuan County.

In the Qing Dynasty, Maozhou was still set up and attached to Chengdu government. Qing Yongzheng six years (1728) was promoted to Zhili Prefecture, jurisdiction Bao County, Wenchuan County two counties. In the sixth year of Jiaqing (1801), Baoxian county was changed to be subordinate to zagu Zhili hall, and Maozhou only governed Wenchuan County. In the seventh year of Jiaqing, the prefectures and counties were under the jurisdiction of "chengmian longmao road" (Weimao road was expanded). Guangxu 34 years (1908) under the West Sichuan Road (Chan mianlong Mao road reform). Vasi pacifier Sheng Xuanwei, set up an administrative office in Sanjiangkou, still under the jurisdiction of Wenchuan County.

In 1913, Wenchuan County belonged to the West Sichuan Road. After the seventh year of the Republic of China (1918), Sichuan was under the system of Warlord's separate regime. In 1928, the provincial government set up the "Songli Maowen Tun settlement supervision office" in Maoxian County, which was supervised by the commander of the 28th army. Five counties (Songpan, Lixian, MaoGong, Maoxian, Wenchuan) were directly under the central government, and three tuns (Suijing, Fubian, Chonghua Tun) were established. In the 24th year of the Republic of China, the warlords cooperated with the central army to stop the Red Army from going north to resist Japan. The central army entered Sichuan to eliminate the defense area and unify the whole province. In 1936, there were 16 administrative supervision districts in Sichuan Province. Fengyi Town, Zhimao County, was set up in the office of the Commissioner. It has jurisdiction over six counties, namely Songli, Maomao, Wenhua and Jinghua. In that year, the Vasi chieftain territory under the jurisdiction of Wenchuan County was reorganized by the county into joint protection, under which Bao and Jia were directly under the jurisdiction.

The people's Republic of China, on January 14, 1950, 535 regiment of 179 division of the Chinese people's Liberation Army entered Mianhe, Wenchuan County. On February 24, Wenchuan County People's government was formally established, which is subordinate to Maoxian district. In February 1951, Weizhou and keku townships under the jurisdiction of Li county were assigned to Wenchuan; in February 1952, Weizhou and keku townships under the jurisdiction of Li county were assigned to Wenchuan, and the county government was still established as Weizhou (moved from September 1951 to March 1952). In March 1952, Longxi Township, the Second District of Wenchuan County, was assigned to Guan County; in July 1957, Xuankou and Shuimo townships were assigned to Wenchuan County from Guan County; in 1958, qingpo and Pengshan villages in Nanxin township of Mao County were assigned to Yanmen township of Wenchuan County; in 1958, Wenchuan County and Mao County were abolished, and Maowen Qiang Autonomous County was established to govern Weizhou town. In 1963, Longxi Township under the jurisdiction of Li county was brought under the jurisdiction of Wenchuan County. In February 1963, Wenchuan County was restored.

administrative division

As of October 2019, Wenchuan County has jurisdiction over 9 towns and 3 townships: Weizhou Town, mianyi Town, Yingxiu Town, Wolong Town, Xuankou Town, Shuimo Town, Yanmen Town, Gengda Town, Sanjiang Town, Longxi Town, keku town and gingko town. Wenchuan County People's government is located in Weizhou town.

geographical environment

Location context

Wenchuan county is located in the middle of Sichuan Province, the southeast of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, the northwest edge of Sichuan Basin, Pengzhou City and Dujiangyan City in the East, Chongzhou County, Dayi County and Lushan County in the south, Baoxing county and Xiaojin County in the west, and Lixian County and Maoxian County in the northwest and northeast respectively. The geographical coordinates are between 30 ° 45 ′ - 31 ° 43 ′ N and 102 ° 51 ′ - 103 ° 44 ′ E. The county is 84 kilometers wide from east to west and 105 kilometers long from north to south, with a total area of 4084 square kilometers.

Topography

The terrain of Wenchuan County inclines from northwest to Southeast. In the west, there are more than 3000 meters high mountains, and the elevation of Siguniang mountain is 6250 meters. In the Southeast Xuankou area, the elevation of Minjiang River exit is only 780 meters.

climate

Wenchuan County has a temperate monsoon climate. The climate rises from southeast to northwest, showing a relatively complete vertical climate zone, which can be divided into eight different natural climate zones. Therefore, it is said that "ten miles are different in the sky". However, the trend of South wet (Xuankou and Yingxiu areas) and North dry (Weizhou and Mianhe areas) is obvious,

Chinese PinYin : Si Chuan Sheng A Ba Cang Zu Qiang Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Wen Chuan Xian