Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province

Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County is subordinate to Mianyang City, Sichuan Province. It is located in the northwest of Sichuan Basin. Located between 31 ° 14 ′ - 32 ° 14 ′ N and 103 ° 44 ′ - 104 ° 42 ′ e, it is adjacent to Jiangyou City in the East, Anzhou District in the south, Mao County in the West and Songpan and Pingwu counties in the north, with an area of 2867.83 square kilometers (detailed land area of 2869.18 square kilometers). It is 42 kilometers away from Mianyang City and 160 kilometers away from Chengdu, the provincial capital. It is the only Qiang Autonomous County in China. The total population is 240000 (2016), including 85000 Qiang people, accounting for 36% of the total population of the county, accounting for nearly one third of the national Qiang population.

Beichuan county is "the hometown of Chinese beige marble", "the hometown of Chinese Dayu culture", "the hometown of Chinese Qiang embroidery", the fourth civilized county-level city in Sichuan Province, the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area counties, and the third batch of national ecological civilization construction demonstration cities and counties.

On July 31, 2018, Sichuan provincial government approved Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

In 2018, the GDP of Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County was 5.594 billion yuan, an increase of 9.1%. The per capita GDP was 24964 yuan, an increase of 10.4%.

Historical evolution

In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, in the fourth year of Emperor Wudi's Baoding reign (564), Beichuan county was set up, which got its name because there was Beichuan city in the northwest of the county; Wenchuan was also called Beichuan, so it got its name.

In the Tang Dynasty, in the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), Beichuan county was located in Shiquan County. In the second year of Yonghui (651), Gaozong of Tang Dynasty, Beichuan County entered Shiquan County.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, in the seventh year of huizongzhenghe (1117), Shiquan army was set up in Shiquan County, which governs Shiquan, Long'an and Shenquan counties and is subordinate to Chengdu Fu Road.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, in 1255, Shiquan army moved to Longan County.

In the Yuan Dynasty, in 1264, Shiquan army was promoted to Anzhou, and Shiquan County was subordinate to Anzhou.

Ming Dynasty, Taizu Hongwu seven years (1374), down to Anxian County, Shiquan County Zhili Chengdu. In 1566, Shiquan County was transferred to longan Prefecture.

In 1913, the prefecture, department and prefecture were closed, and the county was under the jurisdiction of Dao. Shiquan County was under the jurisdiction of Xichuan Road (which was called Xichuan road the next year).

In 1914, because it had the same name as Shiquan County in Shaanxi Province, and that county was set first, it was renamed Beichuan County.

In 1935, the Fourth Front Army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army established two county Soviet governments in the territory. The Red Army confronted the Sichuan army in Qianfo Mountain for 72 days, which ensured the smooth road of the Red Army's westward March.

In January 1950, Beichuan was liberated and attached to Jiange special zone.

In 1952, the county government moved from Zhicheng to Qushan.

In March 1953, it was under the jurisdiction of Mianyang special district.

In May 1985, it was established in Mianyang City.

In 1987, the provincial people's Government approved that Beichuan should be treated as an ethnic minority county since January 1988.

On June 6, 2003, the State Council (Guo Han No. 75) approved the abolition of Beichuan county and the establishment of Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County.

It has been 1452 years since its establishment in 2016.

administrative division

On May 28, 2004, Sichuan provincial government (No. 19 of Sichuan civil administration) approved that the original nine Qiang nationality townships of Yuli, Xuanping, Baini, Piankou, dunshang, machao, chenjiaba, Guanling and Duba in Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County should be renamed as Yuli Township, Xuanping Township, Baini Township, Piankou Township, dunshang Township, machao Township, chenjiaba Township, Guanling Township and Duba Township respectively. The original five Qiang Tibetan townships of Xiaoba, Kaiping, Badi, Baishi and qingpian were renamed as Xiaoba Township, Kaiping Township, Badi Township, Baishi Township and qingpian Township respectively, and the original Taolong Qiang Tibetan township was renamed as Taolong Tibetan township.

On May 12, 2008, Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County was one of the most severely affected areas in the Wenchuan earthquake. Qushan Town, the seat of the county, was razed to the ground by the May 12 earthquake. On May 22, the Party committee and government of Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County set up a temporary office in Tianlong Hotel, Anchang Town, Anxian county. In early November, the executive meeting of the State Council approved the site selection of the new Beichuan County, which is about 2 kilometers east of Anchang Town, Anxian county.

On February 6, 2009, the Ministry of Civil Affairs agreed to transfer the six villages of Anchang Town, Yong'an Town, Huangtu Town, Changle, Hongyan, Shunyi, Hongqi, Wenquan and Dongyu in Anxian County under the jurisdiction of Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County. The people's Government of Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County moved from Qushan town to Anchang town. After the adjustment, the area of Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County increased by 215 square kilometers and the population increased by more than 78000 people.

On May 20, 2009, the provincial government approved the relocation of Qushan town government from yulongxin street to Renjiaping village. On November 9 of the same year, the provincial government approved to separate the administrative areas of Changle, Hongyan, Shunyi, Hongqi, Wenquan and Dongyu villages in Anchang Town, and set up Yongchang Town. The government of Yongchang Town was stationed in Hongqi Village (Yongchang Town was officially established in February 2010). The county government is located in Yongchang Town.

On January 31, 2010, Yongchang Town was established as the seat of new Beichuan County.

In 2014, the provincial government (No. 14, Chuanfu civil administration) approved the abolition of Yuli Township and Guixi Township and the establishment of Yuli town and Guixi town.

In 2014, Beichuan County set up 311 villages and 32 community neighborhood committees in 8 towns and 15 townships (Taolong township is a Tibetan township). The address of the county people's government is Yongchang Town.

On December 25, 2019, Sichuan Provincial People's government issued the reply of Sichuan Provincial People's Government on approving Mianyang City to adjust some township administrative divisions (cfgm [2019] No. 27). Dunshang township was abolished and its administrative area was put under the jurisdiction of Badi township. The people's Government of Badi township was stationed at No. 2 Binhe North Road.

The people's Government of Yongchang Town is located at No. 13 Dadong street.

Tongkou town and Xiangquan Township shall be abolished and Tongquan town shall be established. The administrative area of Tongquan town shall be the administrative area of the former Tongkou town and Xiangquan township. The people's Government of Tongquan town shall be stationed at No. 28 Ziyuan road.

Duba Township and Guanling Township were abolished and Duguan township was established. The administrative area of the former Duba Township and Guanling township was the administrative area of the former Duguan township. The people's Government of the former Duguan township was stationed at No. 60, Xinjie.

By 2019, Beichuan county has nine towns: Qushan Town, Leigu Town, Tongkou Town, Yongchang Town, Anchang Town, Yong'an Town, Yuli Town, Guixi Town, chenjiaba town and Xiaoba town. There are 13 townships: Xiangquan Township, Guanling Township, Xuanping Township, Baini Township, Piankou Township, Kaiping Township, Badi Township, Baishi Township, qingpian Township, Duba Township, Taolong Tibetan Township, dunshang Township and machao township.

geographical environment

Location context

Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County is located in the northwest of Sichuan Basin. It is between 31 ° 35 'n to 31 ° 38'02' n and 104 ° 26'15 'e to 104 ° 29'10'. Jiangyou City in the East, Anzhou District in the south, Maoxian County in the west, Songpan and Pingwu in the north, covering an area of 3084 square kilometers. The county government is located in Yongchang Town, 28 kilometers away from Mianyang and 130 kilometers away from Chengdu, the provincial capital.

Geology and geomorphology

The Geotectonics of Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County is the junction of Yangtze paraplatform and Songpan Ganzi geosyncline fold. It is bounded by Guixi Qushan supao line (i.e. the section where the Beichuan fault passes through), Longmenshan fold fault belt in the west of Longmenshan Dabashan platform depression in the northwest margin of Yangtze paraplatform in the southeast, and Maowen Danba north slope (i.e. post Longmenshan fold belt) in the east margin of bayankalamao geosynclinal fold belt in Songpan Ganzi geosynclinal fold system in the northwest.

Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County is mountainous all over the country, with ups and downs, ravines and ravines. The mountains are generally bounded by white and white. The west is the Minshan mountains, and its east is the Longmen mountains. The highest peak of Mount Qishan is 4769 meters above sea level, the lowest point is 540 meters above sea level, and the relative height difference is 4229 meters. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with an average altitude of 46 meters per kilometer from northwest to Southeast. Dense streams gather in Jianjiang River, Subao River, Pingtong River and Anchang River respectively, and flow out of the country from northwest to southeast along the mountain.

vegetation

The vegetation in Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County is zonal distribution, from bottom to top is yellow soil and evergreen broad-leaved forest, yellow brown soil and evergreen deciduous mixed forest, dark brown soil and coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest, subalpine meadow soil and subalpine shrub meadow, alpine meadow soil and alpine meadow.

natural resources

water resource

Beichuan has an average annual precipitation of 2.876 billion cubic meters, an average annual surface runoff of 2.326 billion cubic meters, a groundwater resource of 560 million cubic meters, and a water carrying runoff of 1.808 billion cubic meters. After deducting the repeated water flow, the average annual total water resource is 2.596 billion cubic meters. There are four gullies (Xiaozhaizigou, taibaigou, houyuangou and bainigou) of one river (Jianjiang River) and five rivers (Baicao River, qingpian River, Duba River, Subao River and Pingtong River). The theoretical reserves of hydropower resources are 490000 kW, and the exploitable capacity is 348600 kW. 41200 kW has been developed, accounting for only 12% of the exploitable capacity. The river drop is large, but it is obvious in wet and dry seasons, and the regulation performance is poor.

mineral resources

As of 2007, Beichuan county has the following recoverable value: gold (including placer gold and rock gold) reserves of 11.82 tons, hematite C-class reserves of 2.83 million tons, D-class reserves of 3.39 million tons; barite plant of 370000 tons, limestone 1 billion tons, dolomite 100 million tons, slate 100 million cubic meters, machine brick shale 2.55 million tons, silica tens of millions of tons, coal C-class reserves of 817000 tons, D-class reserves of 833000 tons, geological reserves The output is 1.133 million tons.

land resource

As of 2005, of the 4303776.4 mu of land in Beichuan County, 7.7% is farmland, 1.3% is garden land, 80% is forest land, 1.7% is pasture land, and 1.7% is residential land and industrial and mining land

Chinese PinYin : Si Chuan Sheng Mian Yang Shi Bei Chuan Qiang Zu Zi Zhi Xian