Dunhua City, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province

Dunhua City, belonging to Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, is the "west gate" of Yanbian Prefecture. Located in the eastern mountainous area of Jilin Province and the hinterland of Changbai Mountain, it is one of the node cities in the development and opening up pilot area of Jilin Province. It is the largest county-level city in Jilin Province and an important transportation hub in Jilin Province, connecting four districts and nine counties in Jilin and Heilongjiang Provinces.

Dunhua, known as "a thousand year old capital and a hundred year old county", is the capital of Bohai State in Tang Dynasty, and Aodong city in Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is the birthplace of Manchu royal family. In 1881, Zhili county was set up and named Dunhua; in 1958, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture was under the jurisdiction of the provincial county, and in 1985, the county was removed to establish a city.

Dunhua is an excellent tourist city, a national health city, a national garden city, a national model city of double support, a national model collective of national unity and progress, a famous city of Chinese solid wood products, a famous city of medicine in northern China, and a hometown of Chinese knife and painting art.

In 2017, Dunhua was selected as the fifth national civilized city. In December 2017, the State Commission for democracy and people's livelihood named the fifth batch of national demonstration areas for national unity and progress. In September 2019, it will be selected as one of the first batch of national global tourism demonstration zones. On November 15, 2019, it was awarded the title of "National Forest City". In July 2020, it will be selected as the national health city in 2019.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

Dunhua City has a long history. Its original name is Aodong city (also known as akedun), which retains the name of ancient city pool in Qing Dynasty. "Aodong" is the transferred sound of "erdoli" (also known as erduoli) in Manchu, and its meaning is unknown. Dunhua county name, from the four books of the mean, "Dade Dunhua" one word. It means to govern by virtue

Historical changes

Dunhua has a long history and is known as the "Millennium ancient capital and Centennial county".

In 698, Da zuorong, the leader of Su Mo, led the people to build a city here to consolidate themselves. He built the capital and called it king, which was known as Zhen state.

In 713, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty canonized dazorong as the prince of Bohai, which was called Bohai State at the beginning. The capital was built in huhancheng, which is now Dunhua. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was also called Aodong city.

In 1677 (the 16th year of Kangxi), the Qing government respected Changbai Mountain as a God and banned it. As the birthplace of the royal family of Manchu Qing Dynasty, it was banned for 200 years in the early Qing Dynasty. It was named Dunhua by taking the sentence of "small Dechuan flow, great virtue Dunhua" in the four books of the mean and sending the meaning of "Dun weathering custom".

In 1762 (the 27th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong), the Qing government issued the "Ninggu pagoda and other places to prohibit refugees Ordinance", which officially declared that the area under the jurisdiction of Ninggu pagoda was a closed area, and Dunhua was the birthplace of the Qing Royal family, which was a closed area, but the northern post road was not within the closed area. At that time, due to various conditions, although it was officially sealed, it could not prevent the foreign Han people from privately reclaiming wasteland. Most of the people from Shandong, Hebei and other places poured into Aodong city (also known as edoli, also known as akedun) to reclaim the unmanaged land. Coupled with the rampant banditry, the social security situation is also very bad.

In 1878 (the fourth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), the general of Jilin sent people to inspect and set up the aktun famine Bureau in that year, which opened a 200 year ban. Zhao duncheng was transferred to take charge of the issue of releasing wasteland to the people. The next year, he released 2774 Cuan of mature land, which has been released every year since then, with a total of nearly 10000 Cuan of mature land released.

In 1880 (the sixth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), general Ming'an of Jilin Province asked for the construction of the county, which was approved by the Qing government on January 25, 1881. At that time, the Qing Dynasty used the lunar calendar, which was December 26, the sixth year of Guangxu.

In 1882, the population also increased. After a year of preparation, the city was built, the team was set up, and the county government was built.

In 1882, Dunhua county was officially built.

During the war of liberation, Dunhua was the seat of Jidun prefectural committee of CPC.

In 1946, the CPC Jilin Provincial Committee and Jilin provincial government temporarily lived in Dunhua. In 1958, the counties under the provincial jurisdiction were assigned to Yanbian Prefecture.

In 1985, the county was changed into a city.

History of construction

In September 1945, the democratic government of Dunhua county was established.

In October 1945, it was under the jurisdiction of Yanbian administrative office of Jihe District Administrative Committee.

In November 1945, Dunhua county was under the jurisdiction of Yongji District, Jilin Province.

In January 1946, Dunhua county government was established. It is under the jurisdiction of Jidong sub province of Jilin Liaoning Province.

In July 1946, Jilin Province was abolished and put under the jurisdiction of Jilin Province. Huangnihe, Heishi, Ermu, Guandi, Shahe station and other areas in the north of Dunhua county are zoned out, and another Ermu county is set up.

On February 15, 1947, Jidong district was divided into four counties, including Hunchun, and Yanbian district was established. Jidong district will be moved to Dunhua, because of the name of Jidun district. Dunhua county is under the jurisdiction of Jitun district.

On September 25, 1947, Jidun and Yanbian were abolished and Jidong was formed again. Dunhua county is under the jurisdiction of Jidong District, which has six districts.

In March 1948, the Jilin provincial government abolished Ermu County, and the area under its jurisdiction was still under the organizational system of Dunhua county. On March 27, Jidong district was changed into Yanbian district. Dunhua county has 12 districts and 86 villages.

On June 22, 1948, the Jilin provincial government, on the order of the Northeast administrative committee, abolished the two special districts of Southern Jilin and Northern Jilin. Dunhua county was separated from Yanbian special district and returned to the province directly under the central government. In 1949, the people's Government of Dunhua county was established. In October 1958, Dunhua county was under the jurisdiction of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture.

In 1968, the people's Committee of Dunhua county was abolished and the Revolutionary Committee of Dunhua county was established. In 1980, the Revolutionary Committee of Dunhua county was abolished. The people's Government of Dunhua county was established.

On February 28, 1985, the people's Government of Jilin Province issued a document notice, which, with the approval of the State Council, abolished Dunhua county and established Dunhua City (county level). The newly established Dunhua City is still under the jurisdiction of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture.

administrative division

Division evolution

In August 1954, Dunhua County governed 12 districts and 85 villages.

In September 1956, Dunhua County governed three towns, 27 townships and 16 streets. The people's Government of Dunhua county was renamed the people's Committee of Dunhua county. The Township People's government was renamed the Township People's Committee.

In 1958, 18 people's communes and 95 administrative areas were established. In May 1962, Dunhua county had jurisdiction over three towns, 18 communes and 95 production brigades.

At the beginning of 1980, Dunhua county had 17 communes and 3 towns: 327 production teams and 999 production teams.

In December 1985, Dunhua City governed 5 towns and 8 townships with 213 production teams.

In September 1988, Dunhua had jurisdiction over 4 sub district offices, 9 towns and 11 townships, including 182 residents' committees and 380 villagers' committees.

On October 12, 1993, with the approval of the people's Government of Jilin Province, Mahao township of Dunhua City was abolished and Jiangyuan town was established.

In December 1995, Dunhua City had jurisdiction over 4 sub district offices, 10 towns and 10 townships, including 186 residents' committees and 393 villagers' committees: Minzhu street, Bohai street, Shengli Street, Danjiang street, DASHITOU Town, Huangnihe Town, Guandi Town, shaheyan Town, qiuligou Town, EMU Town, Xianru Town, dapuchaihe Town, dashanzizi Town, Jiangyuan town, Jiangdong town and Jiangnan Town Daqiao Township, shaheqiao Township, Linsheng Township, taipingling Township, Heishi Township, qinggouzi Township, Hanzhang Township, Hongshi township.

On December 13, 1999, with the approval of the people's Government of Jilin Province, Linsheng township of Dunhua City was abolished and its administrative region was put under the jurisdiction of Guandi town; Shaheqiao township was abolished and its administrative region was put under the jurisdiction of shaheyan town; taipingling Township, Jiangdong Township, Jiangnan Township were abolished and Jiangnan Town was established, and the Administrative Region under the jurisdiction of taipingling Township, Jiangdong Township and Jiangnan township was put under the jurisdiction of Jiangnan Town The town people's government is located in Jiangdong.

On November 19, 2003, the Department of civil affairs of Jilin Province and the people's Government of Yanbian Prefecture approved the relocation of Hongshi township government in Dunhua City to Linjiang village and dashanzizi town of Hongshi Township, and renamed them Yanminghu town.

On December 7, 2016, the national development and Reform Commission and other 11 ministries and commissions issued a notice, agreeing to list 111 cities (towns) including Dunhua as the third batch of national new urbanization comprehensive pilot areas, requiring to start the pilot before the end of 2016, achieve the phased results of the pilot task by 2018, form replicable and promotable experience, and comprehensively and orderly promote the successful experience of the pilot nationwide by 2020.

Zoning details

By the end of 2012, Dunhua had jurisdiction over 11 towns (Jiangnan Town, DASHITOU Town, Huangnihe Town, Guandi Town, Xianru Town, Jiangyuan town, dapuchaihe Town, qiuligou Town, Ermu Town, shaheyan Town, Yanminghu town), 5 townships (Daqiao Town, Hanzhang Town, Hongshi Town, Heishi Town, qinggouzi town), 4 streets (Bohai street, Shengli Street, Minzhu street, Danjiang Street) and 1 town Provincial Economic Development Zone.

geographical position

Location context

Dunhua City is located at the West foot of Changbai Mountain, belonging to Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture and in the west of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture. It is located between 127 ° 28 ′ - 129 ° 17 ′ E and 42 ° 42 ′ - 44 ° 30 ′ n. Dunhua has a total area of 11957 square kilometers. In the East and southeast of Dunhua City, it is adjacent to Wangqing County, Longjing City and Antu county with halbaling as the boundary; in the East and northeast, it is adjacent to Ning'an city and Hailin City of Heilongjiang Province with xiaogouling as the boundary; in the south, it is adjacent to Fusong County with erdaosonghua River; in the west, it is adjacent to Huadian City and Jiaohe City with zhangguangcailing as the boundary; in the northwest, it is adjacent to Shangzhi City of Heilongjiang Province with zhangguangcailing as the boundary.

topographic features

The terrain of Dunhua is high in the surrounding areas and low in the central area, with an average altitude of 756m.

climate

Dunhua City belongs to the cold and cool climate zone of middle temperate zone, with obvious climate characteristics in mountainous areas. The annual average temperature is 2.9 ℃,

Chinese PinYin : Ji Lin Sheng Yan Bian Chao Xian Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Dun Hua Shi