Longquan City, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province

Longquan is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Lishui City, Zhejiang Province. It is located on the border of Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi Province in the southwest of Zhejiang Province. Its geographical coordinates are 27 ° 42 '- 28 ° 20' n and 118 ° 42 '- 119 ° 25' e, covering an area of 3059 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 4 streets, 8 towns and 7 townships, with a population of 290000. It is adjacent to Wenzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone in the East and Wuyishan National Scenic Spot in the West. It is the gateway of Zhejiang Province to Jiangxi and Fuzhou The main thoroughfare, known as "the thoroughfare of Ou, Wu, Ba and Min" and "the main post horse road, the throat of business travel", has always been an important business town in the adjacent areas of Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi.

Longquan City is a famous historical and cultural city of China. It has a prosperous culture since ancient times. It is not only the famous celadon capital and sword country, but also the birthplace of mushroom cultivation in the world and the first town of Ganoderma lucidum in China. With a forest coverage rate of 84.2%, it is a national ecological demonstration area, a national forest city, an ecological city in Zhejiang Province and a garden city in Zhejiang Province. It is known as "good Longquan in ten counties of Chuzhou".

In June 2017, Longquan City was named national health city. In July 2017, Longquan City was listed as a national historical and cultural city.

In 2017, Longquan achieved a GDP of 12.83 billion yuan, an increase of 7.1%; in November 2018, Longquan was selected into the top 100 of China's county-level cities in the overall well-off index.

Historical evolution

The original name of Longquan was Longyuan. In order to avoid Li Yuan's taboo, Longquan was changed to spring.

The unearthed cultural relics prove that there were human activities on the land of Longquan in the Neolithic age.

In 323, the first year of Taining in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Longyuan township was established in Songyang County, Yongjia County.

In the third year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (620), Longyuan township was changed to Longquan Township because of avoiding the taboo of Li Yuan. In the second year of Qianyuan (759) of the Tang Dynasty, Longquan county was established, which was governed by Huanghe town (now Longyuan town).

In 1121, Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty ordered Tianxia county and town to avoid those who had the word of dragon, so it was renamed Jianchuan County. Song Shaoxing first year (1131), renamed Longquan county. In 1197, Songyuan Township and Yanqing township of Longquan were set up in Qingyuan County.

In 1370, Qingyuan County was incorporated. In November of the 13th year of Hongwu, Qingyuan County was restored.

On May 13, 1949, Longquan was liberated. In November 1958, Qingyuan County was incorporated.

In July 1973, Qingyuan County was rebuilt. In August 1975, Longqing county began to work as a branch office.

On December 26, 1990, with the approval of the State Council, Longquan county was abolished and Longquan City (county level) was established, which still belongs to Lishui administrative office.

administrative division

As of 2014, Longquan City has jurisdiction over 4 streets, 8 towns and 7 townships (including 1 nationality township): Longyuan street, Xijie street, Jianchi street and Tashi street; Badu Town, Shanglong Town, Xiaomei Town, Chatian Town, Pingnan Town, Anren Town, Jinxi town and Zhulong town; Lanju Township, Baoxi Township, Longnan Township, Daotai Township, Yanzhang Township, Chengbei Township and Zhulong she township. The municipal government is stationed at 333 Xianliang road.

geographical environment

Location context

Longquan City is located on the border of Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi in the southwest of Zhejiang Province. Its geographical coordinates are 27 ° 42 '- 28 ° 20' n and 118 ° 42 '- 119 ° 25' e. it is 70.25 km wide from east to west and 70.80 km long from north to south, with a total area of 3059 square kilometers. It is adjacent to Wenzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone in the East and Wuyishan National Scenic Spot in the West. It is the main channel for Zhejiang Province to enter Jiangxi and Fujian. It is known as "the thoroughfare of Ou, Wu, Ba and Min" and "the key road of translation and Ma, the throat of business travel". It has always been an important business town in the adjacent areas of Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi.

topographic features

The strata in Longquan City are underlain by pre Devonian basement and overlying by Jurassic volcanic cap rocks, in which Yanshanian intrusives of different sizes are sandwiched. The exposed strata include Chencai group of pre Devonian, Fengping formation of Lower Jurassic, Maolong formation of Middle Jurassic and volcanic rock series of Upper Jurassic. During the Yanshanian movement, proto thick volcanic rocks were accumulated and a series of NE, NNE and NW trending faults were formed.

Due to the uplift of geological structure and neotectonic movement, Longquan City is one of the highest mountain geomorphic areas in the province. The southeast and northwest mountains stretch. Longquan stream runs through the middle from southwest to northeast. The mountains are symmetrically distributed parallel to the river valley. In the northwest is xianxialing Mountain vein. Its main peak is Jiulong Mountain between Longquan and Suichang, with an altitude of 1724 meters. In the southeast is Donggong mountain Its main peak is huangmaojian of Fengyang mountain in Longquan, with an altitude of 1929 meters, which is the first peak in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. In the middle part, there are small valley basins of different sizes, such as Anren, Longyuan, Chatian, Xiaomei and Badu. The largest Longyuan valley basin covers an area of about 14 square kilometers. In addition, there are still lots of gentle slopes in the mountains. In the territory, the low and middle mountains account for 69.17% of the total area, the Hilly Basin accounts for 27.92%, and the valley plain accounts for 2.91%. Therefore, it is said that "nine mountains, half water, half farmland".

hydrology

The rivers in Longquan City belong to Oujiang River, Qiantang River and Minjiang River system. In the northwest of Piyun mountain, the water from the north slope flows into Zhuxi River, which is the source of Wuxi River, a tributary of Qiantang River; the water from the west slope flows into Baoxi River, which flows into Jianxi River in Fujian Province, which is one of the sources of Minjiang River; the water from the south slope flows into Longquan River in the upstream of Oujiang River through Badu river. Oujiang River originates from the northwest foot of guomaojian, Fengyang mountain, with a length of 90 kilometers and a drainage area of 2488 square kilometers. Qiantang River originates from the north slope of Piyun mountain and flows northward into Suichang through Zhuxi, with a length of 58 kilometers and a drainage area of 340.1 square kilometers. Minjiang River originates from the west slope of Piyun mountain and flows into Jianxi in Fujian through Baoxi, with a length of 28.1 kilometers and an area of 98.1 square kilometers Km.

climate

Longquan City is a subtropical monsoon climate zone, warm and humid, four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall, pleasant climate. Due to the ups and downs of mountains, the climate changes vertically. The area below 800 meters above sea level belongs to cool subtropical humid monsoon climate, while the area above 800 meters above sea level belongs to warm temperate humid monsoon climate. Early warming in spring, more plum rain and rainstorm in late spring and early summer, sunny, hot and dry in midsummer, late cooling in autumn, short frost period in winter and long crop growth period in the whole year. The annual average temperature is 17.6 ℃, the average temperature in July is 27.9 ℃, the average temperature in January is 6.5 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 40.7 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 8.5 ℃, and the number of days with the annual average daily temperature ≥ 35 ℃ is 29.4 days. The accumulated temperature of annual average daily temperature ≥ 10 ℃ is 5572.6 ℃, annual sunshine hours is 1849.8 hours, annual precipitation is 1699.4 mm, annual relative humidity is 79%, and frost free period is 263 days.

soil

Longquan is the soil in the territory, there are mountain yellow soil, red soil, fluvo aquic soil, paddy soil four soil types, 10 subclasses, 50 soil genera, 67 soil species. The total soil area is about 4.55 million mu. Among them, mountain yellow soil accounts for 38.32% of the total area, which is mainly distributed in the mountains above 800 meters above sea level; red soil accounts for 50.1%, which is widely distributed in the low mountains and hills below 750-800 meters above sea level; tidal soil accounts for 0.32%, which is distributed in the beaches and terraces along streams, accounting for 0.35% of the dry land area; paddy soil accounts for 10.26%, which is mainly distributed in the valleys, ridges, platforms and rivers along streams between 150-1200 meters above sea level Valley flat land is the main soil type of cultivated land.

natural resources

water resource

Longquan City is rich in water resources, with an average total of 3.598 billion cubic meters of water resources for many years, 13083 cubic meters per capita, which is 4.3 times of the standard of abundant water (3000 cubic meters) and 6.2 times of Zhejiang Province's per capita water resources.

Animal resources

There are more than 1600 kinds of wild animal resources in Longquan City, including 50 species in 22 families of 8 orders of mammals, more than 100 species in 31 families of 12 orders of birds, more than 50 species of reptiles, more than 20 species of amphibians, more than 80 species of fish, and 1300 species in 113 families of 16 orders of insects. Among them, there are 5 species of wild animals under first-class national protection, including clouded leopard, leopard, South China tiger, black muntjac and yellow bellied horned pheasant.

plant resources

Longquan City is a key forest area in Zhejiang Province, known as "forest sea in southern Zhejiang". Longquan is located in the humid zone of the middle subtropics. The plants belong to the flora of East China. The forest vegetation has the characteristics of the middle subtropics and evergreen broad-leaved forest. The composition of the middle subtropics is the most, followed by the south subtropics. The composition of the tropical and temperate regions also has a certain distribution. Due to the high altitude of the mountain, the vegetation distribution has obvious vertical band spectrum. Below 800m, it is mainly masson pine, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Phyllostachys pubescens and other timber forests; 800-1400m is evergreen coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, typical of Pinus taiwanensis forest, Cryptomeria fortunei forest, and evergreen broad-leaved forest of pea family; 1400-1600m is evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest; 1600-1800m is broad-leaved deciduous forest, alpine dwarf forest; 1700m is evergreen broad-leaved broad-leaved mixed forest Shrub or meadow above M. According to the survey, there are more than 800 species of seed plants in Longquan City, including 941 species of 101 families, 317 genera of woody plants, 61 species of 46 genera of 28 families of bryophytes, 160 species of 10 genera of 29 families of pteridophytes, 7 varieties, 28 species of rare and endangered plants under national and provincial protection, accounting for 50% of the whole province, and 1385 species of medicinal plants. There are 1957 ancient and famous trees registered in the city, including 12 ancient trees with more than 200 trees, and ancient trees with more than 1500 trees or even more than 5000 trees. It is known as "the cradle of ancient plants in East China" by the botanical circles.

Population nationality

population

In 2003, there were 83893 households with a total population of 275467. There are 14 males in the total population of the city